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Optical Technique to Measure Five-Degree-of-Freedom Error Motions for a High-Speed Microspindle
Hiroshi Murakami1,Norio Kawagoishi,Eiji Kondo,Akira Kodama 한국정밀공학회 2010 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
We present an optical technique to measure five-degree-of-freedom error motions of a high-speed microspindle. The measurement system consists of a rod lens, a ball lens, four divided laser beams, and multiple divided photodiodes. When the spindle rotates with its concomitant rotation errors, the rod and ball lenses, which are mounted to the chuck of the spindle, are displaced, and this displacement is measured using an optical technique. For this study, we decide the design parameters of the optical system using ray tracing, fabricate a prototype of the measurement system, and evaluate it experimentally. The results show that the measurement system has a resolution of 5 nm and can be used to evaluate high-speed microspindle rotation errors.
Erratum to 'Some Limits of the Colored Jones Polynomials of the Figure-eight Knot'
Murakami, Hitoshi Department of Mathematics 2016 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.56 No.2
In [3] the main theorem was erroneously stated. We needed to assume that the irrationality measure of 1/r is finite to prove the theorem.
Murakami, Katsuhisa,Rommel, Mathias,Hudec, Boris,Rosová,, Alica,Huš,eková,, Kristí,na,Dobroč,ka, Edmund,Rammula, Raul,Kasikov, Aarne,Han, Jeong Hwan,Lee, Woongkyu,Song, S American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.4
<P>Topography and leakage current maps of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films grown by atomic layer deposition on RuO<SUB>2</SUB> electrodes using either a TiCl<SUB>4</SUB> or a Ti(O-i-C<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>7</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB> precursor were characterized at nanoscale by conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM). For both films, the leakage current flows mainly through elevated grains and not along grain boundaries. The overall CAFM leakage current is larger and more localized for the TiCl<SUB>4</SUB>-based films (0.63 nm capacitance equivalent oxide thickness, CET) compared to the Ti(O-i-C<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>7</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>-based films (0.68 nm CET). Both films have a physical thickness of ∼20 nm. The nanoscale leakage currents are consistent with macroscopic leakage currents from capacitor structures and are correlated with grain characteristics observed by topography maps and transmission electron microscopy as well as with X-ray diffraction.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-4/am4049139/production/images/medium/am-2013-049139_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am4049139'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
A Novel Chlorophyll d-containing Organism: Discovery and its Significance
Murakami, Akio,Kawai, Hiroshi,Adachi, Kyoko,Sakawa, Takahiro,Miyashita, Hideaki,Mimuro, Mamoru Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2
Chlorophyll (Chi) d was assigned to an antenna pigment of red algae in 1943, but its presence and function in red algae have not been necessarily clear for a long time. In 1996, it was shown that Chi d functioned as a major antenna pigment in a peculiar oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote, Acaryochloris marina, isolated as a symbiont of a colonial ascidian from coral reefs. This finding evoked the necessity for reexamination of the presence and function of Chi d in red algae. We found Chi d in methanol-extract from several marine red algae, and the relative content was high in one species, Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis. Absorption and fluorescence spectra, HPLC analysis, and NMR and mass spectroscopy characterized Chi d extracted from the red algal thalli, and those were essentially identical to those of Chi d isolated from A. marina. However, micro-spectrophotometric analysis suggested that Chi d was not an actual constituent of the red algae but came from epiphyte(s) attached to surface of red algal thalli.
Near Net Shape Processing of RE-Ba-Cu-O Bulk Superconductors
Murakami M.,Fujishiro M.,Miyazaki T.,Nariki S.,Sakai N.,Hirabayashi I. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
Several practical applications of melt-textured bulk superconductors require the complex-shaped products such as curved, ring-shaped, and drilled blocks rather than simple shaped pellets. However, melt-textured bulk superconductors are often damaged when they are cut, grinded, or drilled. With the aim of reducing such damages, we have investigated the preparation of the complex-shaped bulk superconductors by previously machining binder-added precursors and pre-sintered precursors. We could produce various complex-shaped bulk superconductors without cracking from these machined precursors
Adhesive Behaviors of the Aluminum Alloy-Based CrN and TiN Coating Films for Ocean Plant
Murakami, Ri-Ichi,Yahya, Syed Qamma Bin Korean Society of Ocean Engineers 2012 International journal of ocean system engineering Vol.2 No.2
In the present study, TiN and CrN films were coated by arc ion plating equipment onto aluminum alloy substrate, A2024. The film thickness was about 4.65 ${\mu}m$. TiN and CrN films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray equipments. The Young's modulus and the micro-Vickers hardness of aluminum substrate were modified by the ceramic film coatings. The difference in Young's modulus between substrate and coating film would affect on the wear resistance. The critical load, Lc, was 75.8 N for TiN and 85.5 N for CrN. It indicated from the observation of optical micrographs for TiN and CrN films that lots of cracks widely propagated toward the both sides of scratch track in the early stage of MODE I. TiN film began to delaminate completely at MODE II stage. The substrate was finally glittered at MODE III stage. For CrN film, a few crack can be observed at MODE I stage. The delamination of film was not still occurred at MODE II and then was happened at MODE III. This agrees with critical load measurement which the adhesive strength was greater for CrN film than for TiN film. Consequently, it was difficult for CrN to delaminate because the adhesive strength was excellent against Al substrate. The wear process, which the film adheres and the ball transfers, could be enhanced because of the increase in loading. The wear weight of ball was less for CrN than for TiN. This means that the wear damage of ball was greater for TiN than for CrN film. It is also obvious that it was difficult to delaminate because the CrN coating film has high toughness. The coefficient of friction was less for CrN coating film than for TiN film.
Murakami, Shoko,Miyatake, Nobuyuki,Sakano, Noriko The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2012 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.45 No.5
Objectives: Changes in air temperature and its relation to ambulance transports due to heat stroke in all 47 prefectures, in Japan were evaluated. Methods: Data on air temperature were obtained from the Japanese Meteorological Agency. Data on ambulance transports due to heat stroke was directly obtained from the Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Japan. We also used the number of deaths due to heat stroke from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, and population data from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Chronological changes in parameters of air temperature were analyzed. In addition, the relation between air temperature and ambulance transports due to heat stroke in August 2010 was also evaluated by using an ecological study. Results: Positive and significant changes in the parameters of air temperature that is, the mean air temperature, mean of the highest air temperature, and mean of the lowest air temperature were noted in all 47 prefectures. In addition, changes in air temperature were accelerated when adjusted for observation years. Ambulance transports due to heat stroke was significantly correlated with air temperature in the ecological study. The highest air temperature was significantly linked to ambulance transports due to heat stroke, especially in elderly subjects. Conclusions: Global warming was demonstrated in all 47 prefectures in Japan. In addition, the higher air temperature was closely associated with higher ambulance transports due to heat stroke in Japan.
Effects of Functional Oils on Coccidiosis and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Broiler Chickens
Murakami, A.E.,Eyng, C.,Torrent, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.7
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a mixture of functional oils (Essential, Oligo Basics Agroind. Ltda) on performance response of chickens challenged with coccidiosis and the determination of apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), the coefficients of protein and ether extract digestibility and intestinal morphology of broilers fed with diets containing Essential. In Exp. 1, a completely randomized design (CRD) was used, with one control diet without Essential inclusion with coccidiosis (Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella) challenged birds and two different inclusion rates of Essential (1.5 kg/ton and 2 kg/ton) with coccidiosis-challenged and non-challenged birds for each inclusion rate, using 10 replicates and 50 birds per experimental unit. After 7 d of coccidiosis challenge, the livability was approximately 10% lower (p<0.05) for the control group. Intestinal lesion scores were lower (p<0.05) in the anterior intestine and the cecum for the chickens supplemented. Feed efficiency and growth rate were improved in birds supplemented with Essential (p<0.05) before the coccidiosis challenge and during the first 7 d post infection. In Exp. 2, a CRD was used, with one control diet without Essential inclusion and one diet with inclusion of Essential (1.5 kg/ton), using nine replications and 33 chicks per pen. The diets with Essential yielded approximately 4% higher AME (p = 0.003) and $AME_n$ (p = 0.001). Essential supplementation increased villus height in the jejunum on d 14 (p<0.05). Villus height:crypt depth ratio for the supplemented birds was larger (p<0.05) in the jejunum on d 7, larger (p<0.05) in the jejunum and ileum on d 14. In conclusion, these functional oils improved the energy utilization and the livability and decreased lesions caused by coccidiosis in supplemented birds.