3상유도전동기의 단상운전을 위한 커패시턴스의 결정

좌종근 제주대학교 1986 논문집 Vol.23 No.-

This paper discusses a method of determining suitable phase converter throughout the speed range using the criteria of minimum unbalance or minimum negative sequence voltage when a three phase induction motor operate with single phase supply Three equivalent circuits are investigated to determine the capacitance. and it is found that Ishizaki's equivalent circuit is suitable.

「옵션」價格決定模型(OPM)의 適用에 관한 硏究

金佐會 건국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.23 No.1

This Study alms to consider the option trading and Option Pricing Model(OP-M) in option markets options are contracts giving their owners the right to buy or sell a stated number of shares (usually 100)of a particular security at a fixed price within a predetermined time period. There are two basic types of options. Aput is an option that gives its owner the legal right to sell shares to someone else. A call is an option to buy securities. The predetermined price at which an option is to be exercised is called the exercise price (also called the "striking price), There are types of options, and at first the terminology is confusing with calls, puts, straps, strips, straddles, spreads, in-the-money, out-of-the money, and so forth. Option trading in America began late in the eighteenth Century For example, widly credited with development of the mordern put and call system, apparently devised the procedure for converting puts into calls to get around the usury laws. in spite of wall street's recent frenetic interest in options, trading volume in the conventional option market is much lower today chicago Board options Exchange(CBOE). As a result of the CBOE's success and the relative decline in conventional option market are likely during the next few years. Much remains to be done to empirically test the validity of the Options Pricing Model (OPM) in general and of various versions of it such as the Black-Scholes, Binomial Model etc. The empirical results thus far tend to accept the options pricing model in the sense that differences between the predicted prices and the observed market prices are not economically significant.

企業公開 促進을 위한 財務構造 改善方案에 관한 硏究 : 登錄法人(794社) 財務構造를 中心으로

金佐會 건국대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.21 No.1

The major purpose of this study is to find out the public corporation inducement and the rational management of regesters corporations, through a financial analysis of registred corporations. The public corporation Inducement law was enacted in 1972 to promote more activily the goverments going public policy. On the otherhand, the securities and exchange law was greatly amended to provide a firm basis for stable growth in 1976. In accordance with the provisions of th elaw, the goverment has the authority to select the eligible corporation from among the corporation for consideration to go Public and may order them to go public. In addition, any corporation designated by the commission from among enlisted companies which meet certain requirements with respect to the amount of stated capital and other matters should register with SEC (Securities. Exchange. Commission). the Securities Supervisory Board Selects Corporations to he registered and Induces them to gopublic by extending advice on financial management. I smarted this article by means of comparing a financial analysis of public corporations, listed companies, and be going to group for a clue to the presents problems and the improvement of it. So that we have to study to make Inducement with the bases of our problems and actual enforcement of our country.

인도의 농업개혁법과 자본주의 발전

백좌흠 경상대학교 해외지역연구센터 1996 학술대회자료집 Vol.1996 No.1

Gross economic inequalities and strong feudal elements in social relations were two of the most pronounced ingredients of India's agrarian structure when it gained political independence in 1947. So it was inevitable that the ruling elites who took over political power in the termination of the British rule, should introduce various socio-economic programmes including land reforms, other institutional changes and 'green revolution' not only for social justice but also for faster rate transition to higher productivity. However, intitutional reforms has not substantially changed the deep-rooted inequalities in the agriculture based on land. With land reforms unimplemented, the green revolution since the last half of the sixties have deepened the tendency of uneven development between regions and at the same time have intensified the existing inequalities in rural areas between the poor and the rich. Taken together, land reforms and green revolution have accelerated the development of commercialism and capitalist relations of agriculture. As long as land reforms remain unimplemented with high degree of concentration of land and other means of production as well as with a very low rate of expansion of non-agricultural employment and there are petty producers with not enough land, competing desperately for a livelihood, there is no easy way out of the impasse of low agricultural growth by following a path of a capitalist development. In the process of these agricultural reforms since independence, the provisions of Indian Constitution and agricultural reforms legislations were discussed and enacted under the rhetoric of social justice. But in a society in which the entire weight of legal system is thrown on the side of existing social order based on the inviolability of private property, a few isolated laws aimed at restructuring property relations in the rural areas have hardly any chance of success. The overall failure of agricultural reforms legislations were destined in the nature of the Indian legal system. Therefore the agrarian reforms legislations enacted and implemented under the jurisdiction of various state governments had so many 'loopholes' and 'immunities' which were exploited by the landlords and furthermore these laws were delayed without any justifiable reason. In particular, landlords who were against the land reforms Acts raised the endless constitutional litigations on the ground that these Acts violated the sanctity of the principle of right of property enshrined in the Indian Constitution. So the diaspora of agrarian reforms laws into the vast and varied discourse concerning the co-existence of a plenary parliamentary power to make, remake, or unmake the Constitution with the existence of relatively automonous judiciary has, historically, served to accelerate the growth of capitalist relations of agriculture. But all this process of agrarian reforms reinforced, at a populist level, the appearance of political determination, creating legitimation of the regime. In short, the provisions of the Indian Constitution and agrarian reforms legislations putting of the appearance of social justice, in fact, are predisposed to foster the full-fledged emergence of capitalist relation in agriculture, with a complete readiness to. accept the high democratic rights costs of the toiling masses. With the development of capitalist relations in agriculture, the relations of exploitation between the big landowners and their labourers have become all the more intense and naked. Since the 1960s segments from economically and politically depressed strata in various parts of the countryside have demanded improvements in their material conditions, and have even resorted to militant action to further their aims. But these struggles of the rural poor have not been rewarded by structural democratic reforms but regarded basically as the problem of 'law and order' caused by the extremes and invited repression which followed in bloody abundance. So it is indisputable that the deep-rooted inequalities characteristic of rural India cannot be abolished unless the exploited organize themselves on a side scale against the exploiters, have a strong and militant organization of their own, capable of not only defending their own rights given by the law but also capable of mounting counter-action to prevent and forestall any direct attack on them.

1929年의 Warsaw 協約에 대한 韓·美間의 條約當事者 關係에 관한 硏究 : 1983년 9월1일의 KAL機 擊墜事件의 關聯訴訟에서의 爭點을 中心으로 Focusing on an Issue Raised in Litigation Arising out of KAL Disaster of September 1, 1983

白佐欽 慶尙大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

240 passengers and 29 crew members were killed when Korean Air Lines fight 007 from New York to Seoul ws blown from the sky by rockets fired by Soviet military aircraft over the Sea of Japan on September 1. 1983. In the aftermath of this shocking disaster, many lawsuits were filed in the United States by the surviving family members of passengers killed in the disaster, Eventually all the litigation in the United States was consolidated in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia for coordinated and consolidated proceedings before Chief Judge Aubrey E. Robinson, Jr . The defendants in the litigation were Korean Air Lines, the United States, Boeing ( the manufacturer of the aricraft). Litton ( the manufacturer of the Inertial Navigation System on the aircraft), and the U,S,S,R., but the claims against other defendants than Korean Air Liness were dismissed. International treaties and agreements which can be applied in the litigation are the instruments of the so -called Warsw System governing international air carriage. The Warsaw System consists of a series of conventions and protocols governing the liability of the international air carrier. The backbones of the System are the 1929 Warsaw Convention and the 1955 Hague Protocol amending the Warsaw Convention. In an effort to avoid to their claims the application of any of the provisions of the Warsaw Convention including its provisions which limit or exclude liability of KAL. the plaintiffs argued that Korea and the United States are not in treaty relationship as to the Warsaw Convetion and that the absence of such relationship prevents the Court from applying any of the provisions of the Convention in favor of KAL. The ground of the plaintiffes' argument is that since Korea is a signatory only to the Hague Protocol and the United States in turn is a party only to the Warsaw Convetion, there is no treaty relationship between Korea and the United States as to the Warsaw Convention nor the Warsaw Convention as amended by the Hague Protocol. The argument of the plaintiffs is considered to have raised a fundamental issue in the litigation whether the transportation involved is an international air carriage under the Warsaw Convention or not, that is, whether the Warsaw Convention can be applied to the litigation arising out of one-way air carriage between a State which is a party only to the Warsaw Convention and a State which is a party only to the Hague Protocol. Four relevent academic opinions have been expressed regarding this question. The first, being that of the plaintiffs in the litigation, is as mentioned above, In short , neither the Warsaw Convention nor the Warsaw Convention as amended by the Hague Protocol can be applied because neither State has signed the same treaty as the other. The second is that the Warsaw Convention does apply. The rationale behind this position is that a State adhering to the Hague Protocol which amended the Warsaw Convention, autmatically becomes an adherent to the Warsaw Convention because adherence to the Protocol has no meaning unless it has the effect of adherence to the original Warsaw Convention as well. The third, which was accepted by the Supreme Court of Korea in a very recent decision, is a party only to the Warsaw Convention can be regarded also a party to the amended the Warsaw Convention considering the fact that the amended the Warsaw Convention has been effected on the basis of the original the Warsaw Convention. The fourth, which was accepted by the court in the litigation in question sharing the defedant KAL'S argument. is that the portion of the Warsaw Convention which is not amended by the Hague Protocol applies, because both the Warsaw Convention and the Warsaw Convention as amended by the Protocol, contain that portion. The purpose of the Warsaw Convention was to unfy certain liability rules relating to international transportation by air and the purpose of the Hague Protocol merely was to amend certain of those rules. So the Protocol which cannot be considered separately from the Convention, consists of nothing more than certain amendments to the original Convention: the Convention and the Protocol is read and interpreted togther as one single instrument known as the Warsaw Convention as amended by the Hague Protocol(Article 19 of the protocol. Korea cleary adhered to this amended Warsaw Convention by ratifying the Protocol althought she did not file a separate adherence to the unamended Warsaw Convention (Paragraph 2 of Article 21 and Paragraph 2 of Article 23 of the Protocol). Therefore, at least with respect to "the unamended portions of the Warsaw Convention," the United States and Korea are parties to the same treaty.

試演防止課題의 遂行時間과 檢査間隔이 再生量에 미치는 效果

金佐根 慶北大學校 師範大學 1983 敎育硏究誌 Vol.25 No.-

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the performance time of the distractor task and the test interval on the amount of free recall in Short-Term Memory. (STM) Sixty first-year students in middle school were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental groups as following conditions; (1) receiving 3-seconds of the distractor task to perform and 10-seconds of the test interval, (2) receiving 3-seconds of the distractor task to perform and 120-seconds of the test interval, (3) receiving 18-seconds of the distractor task to perform and 10-seconds of the test interval, and (4) receiving 18-seconds of the distractor task to perform and 120-seconds of the test interval. Projector type tachistoscope (TKK-208) was employed to present subjects with the tasks. The significance of obtained data was tested by the mixed design of 2×2×3(W) ANOVA, and the results were interpreted by one-or/and two-process theory. The conclusions obtained in this study are as follows; (1) the performance time of the distractor task has an effect on the amount of free recall in STM. (2) the test interval does net have an effect on the amount of free recall in STM. (3) the number of trials has an effect on the amount of free recall in STM. (4) the first or second order interaction effects of these variables are not found in this study.

湖水 水質 豫測을 위한 模型의 比較 硏究

김좌관,한기백,이원구 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1994 環境硏報 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study is to compare with water quality prediction models for small and middle reservoir. These reservoirs has short rentention times, low depth, and weak stratification phenomenon. Thus, this study was to develop program through a series of modeling procedure for water quality management and prediction of small and middle scale reservoir in Korea, the specific results are as follows. First, The kind of state variables in model was focused on a series of water quality parameters connected with algae concentration which represent quantity of phytoplankton in water. Spatial scales of Hoeong Reservoir was determined as morphological features. therfore Four models were applied to Hoedong Reservoir such as 'Modified Two-Box Model(MTB)', 'Completely Mixed Model' and 'Epilimnion-Hypolimnion Model', MINLAKE Model'. Prediction ability of developed models on this study was tried by means of regression coefficients, RMSPE(Root Mean Square Percent Error), and Absolute Mean Error with 'MINLAKE' model applicable to natural lakes. Results showed that MTB(Modified Two-Box) model had higher prediction ability in comparison with 'Completely mixed' and 'Two-Box' model in chl-a, PO??-P, NH??-N, NO??-N concentration. Also, assuming that had correct input data, 'MINLAKE' model had high prediction ability comparatively. But it was concluded that 'MTB' model had higher prediction ability in all aspects than complicated ecological model, 'Completely mixed' model and 'Two-Box' model in small and middle scale reservoir of Korea.

산업공생 (Industrial Symbiosis) 을 통한 생태산업공단 조성 방안

김좌관 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study is focused on the industrial symbiosis based on industrial ecosystem theory. At first, the concept of industrial ecosystem was introduced. Industrial symbiosis is a good tool in order to make a harmony between industry and natural ecosystem. The good example of industrial symbiosis is the case of Kalundborg in Denmark, where 11 networks are working in four enterprises and one community nearby. It was proved that savings of natural resources and economic benefit are achieved by use of industrial symbiosis. Moreover, the control of pollutant emission was also done by use of advanced technology and investments. Based on this case, It was shown that industrial symbiosis through eco-industrial complex in Korea was confronted with many difficulties. First of all, loose emmision criteria, recycling system on wastes, and the absence of will for industrial symbiosis should be solved in Korea.

환경개선 부담금제도의 개선방안

김좌관,서상구,김종민 지산간호보건전문대학 1996 지산간호보건전문대학논문집 Vol.14 No.-

인도의 토지개혁과 농민운동

박종수,백좌흠,장상환 서울대학교 국제지역원 1995 국제지역연구 Vol.4 No.4

이 연구는 독립 후 인도 토지개혁의 전개와 이에 따른 농민운동을 중심으로 한 사회 경제적 구조변화를 밝혀내는 것을 주요한 목적으로 한다. 독립 후 인도 정부가 시시했던 농업 계획과 시책은 크게 다음의 세 가지 범주로 분류할 수 있다. 즉 ① 토지개혁, 농업협동조합의 확충, 유통기구의 개선, 제도 금융의 증강 및 이자 규제 등의 제도 개혁 ② 비료, 개량종가 공급 및 관개, 개간 사업 실시를 통한 효율적 재배방법의 보급 및 개량 농법의 도입 ③ 농산물 지지가격, 작물보험, 수입제한, 보조금 지급 등 경제적 인센티브 제공이 그것이다. 토지개혁은 독립전에 이미 국민회의당(National Congress Party)의 기정 방침이었기 때문에 독립 직후부터 '토지를 경작자에게'(Land to Tillers) 제도의 폐지, 소작제도의 개혁, 토지보유의 제한과 초과토지의 재분배를 내용으로 하고 있다. 이중 자민다리제도의 폐지와 소작제도의 개혁은 1950년대 말가지 시행되었고 토지보유의 제한과 초과 보유지 재분배조치는 50년대 말까지 입버을 완료하고 60년대 초 이후 시행되었다. 그러나 실제 각주의 토지개혁법에서 폐지되었던 것은 지주제가 아니고 바로 자미다리제도 및 라이야트와리(Ryotwari)제도 였으며, 따라서 새롭게 창설되었던 제도도 '본질적 의미'의 자작농제도(自作農制度)가 아닌 '광의의 경작개념'에 기초한 자작농제라고 할 수 있다. 그 결과 지주제도의 폐지는 실패했으며 자민다리 지주의 대규모 '자경지'(自耕地)소유가 인정되었다. 자경 용도의 소작지 취득이 합법화되었으며 결국 토지보유의 최고 한도가 높은 수준으로 설정되었던 것이다. 이렇게 토지개혁에 의해서 창출되었던 자경 농업은 협의 의 자작농 즉, 농민적 토지소유에 기초한 소농경영뿐만 아니라 주로 농업노동자를 고용하고 소유토지를 임대하는 부농경영(富農經營)도 포함했던 것이다. 결국 독립직후 시작된 인도의 토지개혁은 당초 계획과는 달리 기생적인 자민다리 지주층이나 농촌 고리대업자의 경영지주화 혹은 부농경영으로의 전화를 촉진한 반면 영세 소작농이나 농업노동자는 더욱 몰락하게 되었다. 본 연구는 모두 5개의 장으로 이루어 진다. 머리말에 이어 2장에서는 토지개혁의 주요한 촉발요인으로 작용한 인도 농민운동의 전개과정을 요약하고 이에 따른 사회경제적 구조변화를 밝힌다. 3장에서는 구체적인 토지개혁의 내용과 수행과정을 밝히고 4장에서는 토지개혁의 불철저와 녹색혁명으로 인한 분배적 불평등요인 등에 의해 야기된 1950년대 이후의 농민운동을 개관해 보고 마지막으로 5장에서 전체의 내용을 요약한 후 마무리하기로 한다. Changes in agrarian structure can occur in either of the two ways; (1) as a result of the spontaneous operation of socio-economic processes, and (2) as a result of direct intervention are characterised as land reforms. The need for direct intervention in the form of land reforms emanated in India from the exploitative nature of the land tenure system prevailing during the pre - independence period. It was basically to stop the exploitation of the actual tillers of the soil and pass on the ownership of land to them that land reforms were introduced in the post-independence period in India. Measures contemplated to achieve the objectives were abolition of intermediaries, tenancy reforms, reorganization of agriculture. Here, tenancy reforms included following set of measures: regulation of rent, security of tenure, ownership right for tenants. And the reorganization of agriculture included the following policies: redistribution of land, consolidation of holdings, cooperative farming. But land reforms in India have trailed miserably because of snags in legislation, lack of political will, and apathy of the bureaucracy, and so on. Narrowly defined, the Green Revolution is the rapid growth in the Third World grain output associated with the introduction of a new package of tropical agricultural inputs. The package consists essentially of a combination of improved grain varieties, mainly rice and wheat, heavy fertilizer usage and carefully controlled irrigation the new varieties usually yield no more and sometimes less than traditional strains. As a result, disparities between rich farmers and poor farmers grew as only the farmer were capable of adopting it. The most important effects of the Green Revolution on political tensions might be grouped into four categories: intensified regional conflict, changes in the form of rural class struggle, the growth of an urban lumpen, and the speedup of changes. In these context, this paper highlights the agrarian reforms and socio-economic changes of India after Independence.