일본잎갈나무 천연갱신지의 종자 결실 및 벌채 유형별 종자 비산 특성

정준모 ( Junmo Chung ),김현섭 ( Hyun Seop Kim ),정상훈 ( Sanghoon Chung ) 한국산림과학회 2021 한국산림과학회지 Vol.110 No.3

본 연구는 일본잎갈나무 인공림에서 천연하종갱신을 이용한 후계림 조성 방법을 제안하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2016년 경기도 가평에 모수작업과 개벌작업을 실시하여 시험지를 조성하고, 2014년에 조성된 경상북도 봉화의 시험지와 함께 천연갱신지의 종자결실 및 종자낙하 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 결실이 좋은 해에 Ⅴ영급 일본잎갈나무의 개체 목당 종자 수는 690,340립이며, 모수가 ha당 25본인 일본잎갈나무 천연갱신지에서는 ha당 1,380만립의 종자가 결실되는 것으로 추정되었다. 종자의 비산은 9월부터 시작되었으며, 11월까지 낙하된 종자의 발아율은 종자품질 기준인 40%를 넘는 것으로 나타났다. 갱신유형별 종자 낙하량은 보잔목작업, 모수작업, 개벌작업 순이었고, 보잔목작업이 종자의 균등한 비산에 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 일본잎갈나무의 천연갱신을 위한 벌채와 갱신상 조성 시기는 종자가 비산하는 9월 이전이 효과적이고, 보잔목작업이 균일한 종자공급에 유리한 방법인 것으로 판단된다. This study proposed a field-applicable natural regeneration method using natural seeding to afforest a secondary growth forest after felling in Larix kaempferi plantations. In 2016, an experimental site was established usingseed- tree and clear-cutting methods in Gapyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Characteristics of seed fructification and inflow in the natural regeneration site were analyzed along with an experimental site in Bonghwa, Gyeongsangbuk-do, which was established in 2014. As a result, the number of seeds per individual tree of V age class L. kaempferi was 690,340 seeds in a good year, with an estimated 13.8 million seeds per ha fruited in natural regeneration sites of L. kaempferi with 25 seed-trees per ha. Seed dispersal began in September and germination rates of seeds dispersed until November were greater than 40%. Reserved seed-tree sites showed the highest amount of seed inflow, followed by the seed-tree site and clear-cut site in descending order. The reserved seed-tree method performed better than other methods for evenly scattering seeds. Therefore, the timing of logging and seedbed generation for natural regeneration of L. kaempferi is estimated to be most effective before September when seeds are purposefully scattered using the reserved seed-tree method as an effective method for uniform seed supply.

소나무와 일본잎갈나무의 연륜생장과 기후 요소와의 상관관계 분석 및 생장예측

정준모 ( Junmo Chung ),김현섭 ( Hyunseop Kim ),김미숙 ( Meesook Kim ),전영우 ( Yongwoo Chun ) 한국임학회 2017 한국산림과학회지 Vol.106 No.1

본 연구는 소나무(Pinus densiflora)와 일본잎갈나무(Larix kaempferi)의 연륜생장과 기후 요소와의 관계를 분석하고, 각 수종별 연구지역을 기후군집으로 분류하여 군집별 연륜기후학적 모델을 개발하였다. 또한 기후변화에 따른 연륜생장 변화를 RCP 기후변화 시나리오와 연륜기후학적 모델을 이용하여 예측하였다. 군집분석을 통한 소나무와 일본잎갈나무의 기후군집은 각각 4개로 분류되었다. 각 군집별 연륜기후학적 모델은 단계적 회귀분석으로 표준화된 잔차연대기와 군집별 기후변수를 이용하여 작성하였다. 소나무의 연륜기후학적 모델에는 각 4개씩의 기후변수가 사용되었고 R²는 0.38∼0.58로 나타났다. 일본잎갈나무 연륜기후학적 모델에는 2∼5개의 기후변수가 사용되었고 R²는 0.31∼0.43으로 분석되었다. 수종별 연륜생장변화 예측은 RCP 4.5와 RCP 8.5 두 개의 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하였다. 소나무 기후군집별 연륜생장예측은 백두대간 산악지역인 군집 4에서 연륜생장이 증가하였고 평균기온이 높은 군집 2와 군집 3에서는 연륜생장이 감소하였다. 일본잎갈나무는 월평균 최저기온이 낮은 군집 1과 평균기온이 높은 군집 2에서는 기후변화가 진행됨에 따라 연륜생장이 감소하였고, 동부해안지역인 군집 3과 해발고가 높은 지역인 군집 4에서는 연륜생장이 유지되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 소나무와 일본잎갈나무의 기후변화에 따른 연륜생장의 변화 예측에 필요한 유용한 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship among climatic factors and radial growth of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi in South Korea. To determine the climate-growth relationship, cluster analysis was applied to group surveyed regions by the climatical similarity, and a dendroclimatological model was developed to predict radial growth for each climate group under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios for greenhouse gases. The cluster analysis showed four climatic clusters (Cluster 1~4) from 10 regions for P. densiflora and L. kaempferi. The dendroclimatological model was developed through climatic variables and standardized residual chronology for each climatic cluster of P. densiflora and L. kaempferi. Four climatic variables were used in the models for P. densiflora (R² values between 0.38 to 0.58). Two to five climatic variables were used in the models for L. kaempferi (R² values between 0.31 to 0.43). The growth simulations with two RCP climate-change scenarios(RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) were used for growth prediction. The radial growth of the Cluster 4 of P. densiflora, the mountainous region at high elevation, tend to increase, while those of cluster 2 and 3 of P. densiflora, the region of the hightest average temperature, tends to decrease. The radial growth of the Cluster 1 of L. kaempferi the region of the lowest minimum temperature, while that of Cluster 2, the region of the highest average temperature, tends to decrease. The radial growth of Cluster 3 of L. kaempferi, the region in the east coast and Cluster 4, the region at high elevation, tends to hold steady. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable information necessary for predicting changes in radial growth of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi caused by climate change.

잣나무 연륜생장과 기후요소와의 상관관계 분석 및 생장예측

정준모 ( Junmo Chung ),김현섭 ( Hyunseop Kim ),이상태 ( Sangtae Lee ),이경재 ( Kyungjae Lee ),김미숙 ( Meesook Kim ),전영우 ( Yongwoo Chun ) 한국농림기상학회 2015 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 잣나무를 대상으로 연륜생장과 기후와의 관계를 구명하기 위해 군집분석을 통해 기후 군집을 분류하였고 기후인자에 의해 연륜생장을 예측할 수 있는 생장모델을 개발하여 기후변화 시나리오 RCP 4.5와 RCP 8.5를 이용하여 연륜생장의 변화를 예측하였다. 연륜기후학적 모델은 잣나무 기후군집별 기후변수와 표준화된 잔차 연대기를 이용하여 개발하였다. 개발된 생장지수 추정식에는 2~4개의 기후변수가 사용되었고 결정계수는 0.35~0.49의 범위에 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 잣나무 기후군집별 생장예측은 두 개의RCP 기후변화 시나리오를 이용해 예측되었다. 해발고도가 높은 곳에 위치한 군집 2와 군집 3에서는 연륜 생장이 증가하였지만 대조적으로 해발고도가 낮은 지역에 위치한 군집 1에서는 연륜생장이 감소할 것으로 예측되었다. 따라서 잣나무는 한대수종이지만 일정범위내의 기온 상승 조건에서는 연륜생장이 증가하는 것으로 평가되었다. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship among climatic factors and radial growth of Pinus koraiensis in South Korea. To determine climate-growth relationships, cluster analysis was applied to group climatically similar surveyed regions, and dendroclimatological model was developed to predict radial growth for each climate group under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios for greenhouse gases. The dendroclimatological models were developed through climatic variables and standardized residual chronology for each climatic cluster of P. koraiensis. 2 to 4 climatic variables were used in the models (R2 values between 0.35~0.49). For each of the climatic clusters for Pinus koraiensis, the growth simulations obtained from two RCP climate-change scenarios were used for growth prediction. The radial growth of the Clusters 2 and 3, which grow at high elevation, tend to increase. In contrast, Cluster 1, which grows at low elevation, tends to decrease with a large difference. Thus, the growth of Pinus koraiensis, which is a boreal species, could increase along with increasing temperature up to a certain point.

벌채 유형별 일본잎갈나무 천연 치수의 발생 및 생장특성 분석

정준모 ( Junmo Chung ),김현섭 ( Hyunseop Kim ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.4

본 연구는 일본잎갈나무 천연갱신 치수의 생장특성을 분석하여 현장 적용 가능한 갱신 방법을 제안하기 위해 수행 되었다. 이를 위해 경기도 가평과 경상북도 봉화에 모수작업과 개벌작업을 실시하여 시험지를 조성하고, 종자 유입, 천연 치수의 발생과 생장 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 갱신유형별 종자 낙하량은 보잔목작업, 모수작업, 개벌작업 순으로 많았고, 치수 발생율은 처리구(벌채, 지면긁기)가 평균 2.4%, 무처리구 0.3%로 처리구가 무처리구에 비해 8.0배 많았다. 처리구의 갱신 1년차 6월의 치수량은 약 47만본/ha이었고 갱신 3년차 10월의 치수량은 약 78천본/ha이었으며, 치수의 평균 크기는 근원경 6.5 mm, 수고 50.4 cm이었다. 이에 따라 천연갱신에 의한 일본잎갈나무 후계림 조성은 종자결실과 낙하 시기에 맞추어 벌채와 지면긁기를 실시하면 성공 가능성이 크고, 일본잎갈나무의 빠른 생장을 고려하면 효과적인 갱신기술이 될 것으로 판단된다. We analyzed the growth characteristics of naturally regenerated seedings of Larix kaempferi in order to propose a field-applicable regeneration method. Experimental sites were established at Gapyeong in Gyeonggi-do and at Bonghwa in Gyeongsangbuk-do. We analyzed seed inflow features, occurrence, and growth characteristics of natural seedlings for three years. The reserved seed-tree site producedthe greatest number of inflow seeds and followed by seed-tree site and clear-cut site. In addition, the reserved seed-tree method was found to be more efficient than other methods in evenly scattering seeds. The rate of seedling occurrence at treatment sites (e.g., harvesting and scratching) was 2.4%, which is 8.0 times higher than the seedling occurrence (0.3%) at the non-treatment sites. There were approximately 470,000 seedlings per hectare at the treatment sites in June of the first year after regeneration and approximately 78,000 seedlings per hectare in October of the third year. The average diameter of the root collar of the seedlings in the third year was 6.5 mm, and the average height of the seedlings was 50.4 cm. These results indicate that it is possible to create a secondary forest of L. kaempferi by natural regeneration if harvesting and scraping are implemented during seed fructification. Considering the rapid growth of L. kaempferi shown in this study, the proposed method would be an efficient reforestation technique.

준설토 해양배출활동에 의한 서해병 배출해역의 PCBs, PAHs 및 총유기탄소 분포 특성

정준모(Junmo Jung),김창준(Changjoon Kim),최기영(Kiyoung Choi),정창수(Changsoo Chung),김석현(Sukhyun Kim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2016 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

Corrosion-erosion behavior of MgAl₂O₄ spinel refractory in contact with high MnO slag

Jeon, Junmo,Kang, Youngjo,Park, Joo Hyun,Chung, Yongsug Elsevier 2017 Ceramics international Vol.43 No.17

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The corrosion and erosion behavior of spinel refractory of different compressive strength has been investigated for refractories in contact with a high MnO slag for producing manganese ferroalloys. The finger rotating test (FRT) was adopted to evaluate the degradation behavior at 1550°C under a rotating condition of 150rpm. The sample with higher compressive strength (Sample C1) showed higher corrosion resistance than Sample C2. In Sample C1, the refractory progressively corroded from the surface to the inner region by chemical corrosion, while mechanical erosion of the refractory suddenly occurred in Sample C2 as a result of the penetration of the slag within the refractory and the rotating energy.</P>

응급실에서 디클로페낙 근주 후 발생한 니콜라우 증후군 1례

정상원 ( Sangwon Chung ),강지훈 ( Jihoon Kang ),여준모 ( Junmo Yeo ),고재욱 ( Jaiwoog Ko ) 대한임상독성학회 2011 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Nicolau syndrome is a rare adverse reaction at the site of an intramuscular injection, and is characterized by severe pain immediately after the injection and rapid development of distinct skin lesions. As this syndrome is rare, it may be overlooked at the early clinical phase and subsequently, clinical outcomes may be worse due to delay in treatment. We report on a female who developed Nicolau syndrome following intramuscular diclofenac injection, which required surgical reconstruction. Understanding the characteristics of Nicolau syndrome and careful surveillance for relevant clinical features may help physicians to more quickly diagnose and treat this condition.

가상화 환경에서 병렬 데이터베이스 성능 최적화 기술을 적용한 컴퓨팅 테스트베드 프레임워크 제안

정혜진(Haejin Chung),김태원(Taewon Kim),최원석(Wonsuk Choi),최종무(Jongmoo Choi),김준모(Junmo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2013 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

Detection of low-abundant novel transcripts in mouse hematopoietic stem cells

Kim, Hyeng-Soo,Hwang, Junmo,Kim, Young-Hun,Kim, Seonggon,Lee, Jae-Woong,Kang, Hyung-Sik,Kim, Kil Soo,Ha, Ji-Hong,Chung, Jin Woong,Chang, Kyu-Tae,Ryoo, Zae Young,Lee, Sanggyu Springer-Verlag 2009 Molecular genetics and genomics Vol.282 No.4

Achievable Rates of Multi-Antenna Downlink Channels with Peak Power Constraints

Baik, Ihn-Jung,Chung, Sae-Young,Kim, Junmo IEEE 2012 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.60 No.8

<P>This paper considers a Gaussian multiple-input single-output (MISO) broadcast channel with a per-antenna peak power constraint (or simply peak power constraint). It is more realistic to consider the peak power constraint on each transmit antenna because in many practical implementations each antenna is equipped with its own power amplifier. Assuming the perfect knowledge of the channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, we propose an achievable scheme using dirty-tape coding (DTC). The ideal dirty-paper coding (DPC), which is a capacity-achieving scheme for the Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel, cannot be used for our model because its optimal input distribution is Gaussian and thus the peak power constraint is violated. On the other hand, the channel input of DTC is uniformly distributed in a fixed range, which helps to control the peak power of the transmit signal easily. We also present an algorithm that finds capacity-achieving beamforming vectors and power allocation factors under a per-antenna average power constraint and use the optimized parameters in the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides gains of 2.7dB over a non-DTC scheme based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) beamforming at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when there are three receivers and the transmitter has three antennas.</P>