De Moor의 공간추론 개념의 확장과 초등수학교과서의 공간추론 내용의 분석 - 도형영역을 중심으로

이정민 ( Lee¸ Jungmin ),김봉준 ( Kim¸ Bongjun ),전인호 ( Jeon¸ In Ho ) 서울교육대학교 초등교육연구원 2021 한국초등교육 Vol.32 No.3

본 연구에서는 De Moor의 공간추론에 대한 개념의 확장을 모색하며, 그 관점으로 초등수학교과서의 도형영역에서 공간추론에 관한 발문을 조사하였다. 첫 번째 부분에서는 초등수학교육에서 공간추론에 관한 국내 여러 선행연구의 이론적 배경으로 사용된 De Moor의 공간추론 개념을 분석하여 그 내용들을 범주화하고 구조화를 모색하였다. 그 결과 De Moor의 공간추론의 개념은 시각화와 추론으로 구성되는 수학적 사고과정으로 볼 수 있었으며, 이를 바탕으로 그 개념의 구조를 공간능력과 추론으로 확장하였다. 그리고 공간추론의 정의를 다음과 같이 새롭게 제안하였다: 공간추론은 일상생활이나 학습활동에서 공간능력을 사용하여 추론을 수행하는 수학적 사고과정이다. 이 공간추론의 정의는 공간추론은 수학적 사고 과정이며 인간의 인지능력의 매우 중요한 부분인 공간능력과 수학적 추론(넓은 의미로)으로 구성되는 것을 의미하며, 여기서 공간능력은 기존의 알려진 정의(전인호, 2021)에 따라 공간시각화와 공간방향으로, 추론은 일반적으로 연역적 추론과 귀납적 추론으로 구성되는 것으로 제안을 하였고, 여기서 공간능력과 추론의 하위 구성요소들의 수준을 조정하면 대상 학년 수준에 적용가능한 공간추론 개념의 구조를 구성할 수 있음을 보였다. 두 번째 부분에서는 De Moor의 확장된 공간추론 개념의 구조적 관점으로 초등수학 수준에 적용 가능한 공간추론 분석 기준을 세워 현행 초등수학교과서의 도형 영역의 발문에서 공간추론 개념의 구조적 경향성을 양적 조사하였다. 그 결과 공간추론 개념의 구조적인 면에서 구조의 구성 일부분에 편중되는 경향이 나타났다. 공간추론을 구성하는 공간능력과 추론의 일부 하부 요소에서 학년과 단원에 따라 심한 편중성을 보였는데, 특히 공간능력의 경우는 학년별로 혹은 단원별로 일부 하위 구성요소에, 추론의 경우에는 전체적으로 (국소)연역적 추론에 편중되었다. 따라서 교육 과정은 학생들의 공간추론 신장을 위하여 학년과 단원에 따라 공간추론 내용을 구조적으로 편중되지 않도록 구성해야 하며, 그러기 위해선 다양한 공간능력과 추론을 사용할 수 있는 교수학적 방법의 개발이 필요함을 제언하였다. In this study, the expansion of the concept of De Moor’s spatial reasoning was sought, and from that point of view, the contents of spatial reasoning were investigated in the figure area of elementary mathematics textbooks. In the first part, we analyzed De Moor’s spatial reasoning concept, which was used as the theoretical background of several domestic previous studies on spatial reasoning in elementary mathematics education, to categorize and structure its contents. As a result, De Moor’s concept of spatial reasoning could be viewed as a mathematical thinking process composed of visualization and reasoning, and based on this, the structure of the concept was extended to spatial ability and reasoning. And the definition of spatial reasoning is newly proposed as follows: Spatial reasoning is a mathematical thinking process that uses spatial ability in daily life or learning activities to perform reasoning. This definition of spatial reasoning means that spatial reasoning is a mathematical thinking process and consists of spatial ability and mathematical reasoning (in a broad sense), which are very important parts of human cognitive ability. Here, spatial ability is proposed to be spatial visualization and spatial orientation based on existing known definitions (Jeon, 2021; McGee, 1979), and reasoning is generally composed of deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. And it was shown that the structure of spatial reasoning concept applicable to the target grade level can be constructed by adjusting the level of subcomponents of spatial ability and reasoning. In the second part, as a result, in the structural aspect of the spatial reasoning concept, there was a tendency to be biased towards a part of the structure. Spatial ability constituting spatial reasoning and some sub-elements of reasoning showed severe bias according to grades and units. In particular, in the case of spatial ability, some factors were biased by grade level or unit, and in the case of reasoning, overall (local) deductive reasoning was biased. Therefore, the curriculum should be structured so that spatial reasoning contents are not structurally biased according to grades and units in order to enhance students' spatial reasoning. suggested.

글루탐산 생산을 위한 Lactococcus lactis HY7803 균주의 대두 발효 적용

Lee Jungmin,Heo Sojeong,Choi Jihoon,Pyo Eunji,Lee Myounghee,Shin Sangick,Lee Jaehwan,Lee Junglyoul,정도원 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.51 No.1

The glutamic acid producing strain for development savory taste enhancing foods was identified the possibility through application into soybean fermentation. To check the effects on glutamic acid production during soybean fermentation, Lactococcus lactis HY7803 was introduced as a starter. The soybean samples were analyzed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. The numbers of bacteria decreased gradually, while the content of amino-type nitrogen increased during fermentation in the soybean with L. lactis HY7803. Glutamic acid content in soybeans with L. lactis HY7803 increased from 114.99 ± 9.37 pmol/ul on day 0 to 138.14 ± 1.76 pmol/ul on day 21, showing an overall higher amino acid content than soybeans without L. lactis HY7803 and similar content to soybeans with Aspergillus oryzae SNU-G. It was clearly distinguished through principal component analysis. Consequently, our results indicate that L. lactis HY7803 is available as a fungus replacement and may be a good starter strain for enhancing savory taste in vitro as well as soybean fermentation.

Genetic Landscape of Open Chromatin in Yeast

Lee, Kibaick,Kim, Sang Cheol,Jung, Inkyung,Kim, Kwoneel,Seo, Jungmin,Lee, Heun-Sik,Bogu, Gireesh K.,Kim, Dongsup,Lee, Sanghyuk,Lee, Byungwook,Choi, Jung Kyoon Public Library of Science 2013 PLoS genetics Vol.9 No.2

<▼1><P>Chromatin regulation underlies a variety of DNA metabolism processes, including transcription, recombination, repair, and replication. To perform a quantitative genetic analysis of chromatin accessibility, we obtained open chromatin profiles across 96 genetically different yeast strains by FAIRE (formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements) assay followed by sequencing. While 5∼10% of open chromatin region (OCRs) were significantly affected by variations in their underlying DNA sequences, subtelomeric areas as well as gene-rich and gene-poor regions displayed high levels of sequence-independent variation. We performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping using the FAIRE signal for each OCR as a quantitative trait. While individual OCRs were associated with a handful of specific genetic markers, gene expression levels were associated with many regulatory loci. We found multi-target <I>trans</I>-loci responsible for a very large number of OCRs, which seemed to reflect the widespread influence of certain chromatin regulators. Such regulatory hotspots were enriched for known regulatory functions, such as recombinational DNA repair, telomere replication, and general transcription control. The OCRs associated with these multi-target <I>trans</I>-loci coincided with recombination hotspots, telomeres, and gene-rich regions according to the function of the associated regulators. Our findings provide a global quantitative picture of the genetic architecture of chromatin regulation.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is a genetic approach that allows the identification of genetic factors underlying a phenotype of interest. Genomic technologies such as DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing provide data that can be used for the analysis of multiple molecular phenotypes. For example, the expression levels of thousands of genes can be associated with subject-specific genome-wide genetic information in expression QTL mapping. Similarly, the genetic regulation of transcription factor binding or epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation or chromatin structure has begun to be investigated. In particular, the mechanisms controlling chromatin accessibility have attracted special interest due to their importance in a variety of DNA regulation processes including recombination, repair, replication, and transcription. In this work, we sought to dissect the genetic architecture of chromatin accessibility regulation by harnessing the power of genetic and genomic techniques. By analyzing open (accessible) chromatin maps of multiple yeast individuals in association with their genetic backgrounds, we were able to characterize the regulatory structure of chromatin traits versus that of gene expression. Importantly, we observed that the genetic loci responsible for multiple open chromatin regions were enriched for known regulatory factors.</P></▼2>

Selection of Lactococcus lactis HY7803 for Glutamic Acid Production Based on Comparative Genomic Analysis

( Jungmin Lee ),( Sojeong Heo ),( Jihoon Choi ),( Minsoo Kim ),( Eunji Pyo ),( Myounghee Lee ),( Sangick Shin ),( Jaehwan Lee ),( Jaehun Sim ),( Do-won Jeong ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.2

Comparative genomic analysis was performed on eight species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)― Lactococcus (L.) lactis, Lactobacillus (Lb.) plantarum, Lb. casei, Lb. brevis, Leuconostoc (Leu.) mesenteroides, Lb. fermentum, Lb. buchneri, and Lb. curvatus―to assess their glutamic acid production pathways. Glutamic acid is important for umami taste in foods. The only genes for glutamic acid production identified in the eight LAB were for conversion from glutamine in L. lactis and Leu. mesenteroides, and from glucose via citrate in L. lactis. Thus, L. lactis was considered to be potentially the best of the species for glutamic acid production. By biochemical analyses, L. lactis HY7803 was selected for glutamic acid production from among 17 L. lactis strains. Strain HY7803 produced 83.16 pmol/μl glutamic acid from glucose, and exogenous supplementation of citrate increased this to 108.42 pmol/μl. Including glutamic acid, strain HY7803 produced more of 10 free amino acids than L. lactis reference strains IL1403 and ATCC 7962 in the presence of exogenous citrate. The differences in the amino acid profiles of the strains were illuminated by principal component analysis. Our results indicate that L. lactis HY7803 may be a good starter strain for glutamic acid production.

Proinsulin Shares a Motif with Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and Induces Inflammatory Cytokine via Interleukin-1 Receptor 1

Lee, Siyoung,Kim, Eunsom,Jhun, Hyunjhung,Hong, Jaewoo,Kwak, Areum,Jo, Seunghyun,Bae, Suyoung,Lee, Jongho,Kim, Busun,Lee, Jungmin,Youn, Sulah,Kim, Somi,Kim, Miyeon,Kim, Hyunwoo,Lee, Youngmin,Choi, Dong American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2016 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.291 No.28

<P>Although it has been established that diabetes increases susceptibility to infections, the role of insulin (INS) in the immune response is unknown. Here, we investigated the immunological function of INS. Proinsulin dimer (pINSd) was a potent immune stimulus that induced inflammatory cytokines, but mature INS was unable to induce an immune response. An affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against mature IL-1α recognized IL-1α and pINS but failed to detect mature INS and IL-1β. Analysis of the pINS sequence revealed the existence of an INS/IL-1α motif in the C-peptide of pINS. Surprisingly, the INS/IL-1α motif was recognized by monoclonal antibody raised against IL-1α. Deleting the INS/IL-1α motif in pINSd and IL-1α changed their activities. To investigate the pINSd receptor, the reconstitution of IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) in Wish cells restored pINSd activity that was reversed by an IL-1R antagonist. These data suggested that pINSd needs IL-1R1 for inflammatory cytokine induction. Mouse embryo fibroblast cells of IL-1R1-deficient mice further confirmed that pINSd promotes immune responses through IL-1R1.</P>

Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer

Lee Yeongun,Dho So Hee,Lee Jiyeon,Hwang Ji-Hyun,Kim Minjung,Choi Won-Young,Lee Jin-Young,Lee Jongwon,Chang Woochul,Lee Min Young,Choi Jungmin,Kim Tae-You,Kim Lark Kyun 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Despite numerous observations regarding the relationship between DNA methylation changes and cancer progression, only a few genes have been verified as diagnostic biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC). To more practically detect methylation changes, we performed targeted bisulfite sequencing. Through co-analysis of RNA-seq, we identified cohort-specific DNA methylation markers: CpG islands of the intragenic regions of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1. We validated that these genes have oncogenic features in CRC and that their expression levels are increased in correlation with the hypermethylation of intragenic regions. The reliable depth of the targeted bisulfite sequencing data enabled us to design highly optimized quantitative methylation-specific PCR primer sets that can successfully detect subtle changes in the methylation levels of candidate regions. Furthermore, these methylation levels can divide CRC patients into two groups denoting good and poor prognoses. In this study, we present a streamlined workflow for screening clinically significant differentially methylated regions. Our discovery of methylation markers in the PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 genes suggests their promising performance as prognostic markers and their clinical application in CRC patients.

단일겹치기이음시험을 이용한 합금화용융아연코팅강판의 코팅층 접합강도 평가

이정민(Jungmin Lee),이찬주(Chanjoo Lee),고대철(Daecheol Ko),이선봉(Seonbong Lee),김병민(Byungmin Kim) 대한기계학회 2009 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.33 No.6

This paper was designed to estimate the adhesion strength of galvannealed coatings on steel sheets. The adhesion strength were evaluated using single lap - shear tests where the lap joint was bonded by structural adhesive. Tests were performed for overlap length of 5㎜, 10㎜ and 15 ㎜ and three directions (0, 45, 90) of steel sheets used as the adherend of the overlap joint. After the tests, FE simulations of the single lap - shear test were also carried out to observe the stress distribution in the interface between the adhesive and the coated sheet. The results showed that the joint failure loads obtained from the tensile tests of bonded single lap-joints were the same, regardless of overlap lengths and directions of steel sheets. Also, the failure of galvannealed coatings greatly depended on shear stress distribution in the interface and the value was about 30㎫.

경량 추력기용 일체형 복합재의 밀도화 공정 연구

이정민(Jungmin Lee),하동성(Dong-Sung Ha),최두현(Doo Hyun Choi),이진용(Jinyong Lee),박종규(Jong Kyoo Park),이형익(Hyung-IK Lee) 한국추진공학회 2021 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

Acute Kidney Injury due to Menstruation-related Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in an Adenomyosis Patient: A Case Report

Son, Jungmin,Lee, Dong Won,Seong, Eun Young,Song, Sang Heon,Lee, Soo Bong,Kang, Jin,Yang, Byeong Yun,Lee, Su Jin,Choi, Jong-Ryeol,Lee, Kyu-Sup,Kwak, Ihm Soo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.9

<P>The authors report a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from menstruation-related disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in an adenomyosis patient. A 40-yr-old woman who had received gonadotropin for ovulation induction therapy presented with anuria and an elevated serum creatinine level. Her medical history showed primary infertility with diffuse adenomyosis. On admission, her pregnancy test was negative and her menstrual cycle had started 1 day previously. Laboratory data were consistent with DIC, and it was believed to be related to myometrial injury resulting from heavy intramyometrial menstrual flow. Gonadotropin is considered to play an important role in the development of fulminant DIC. This rare case suggests that physicians should be aware that gonadotropin may provoke fulminant DIC in women with adenomyosis.</P>

콜롬비아 중소도시의 토사재해 취약성분석 연구Ⅰ

이정민(Lee Jungmin),이윤상(Lee Yunsang),김윤태(Kim Yuntae),이지성(Lee Jisung) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.18 No.6

콜롬비아는 도시화로 도시인구가 증가하는 상황에서 도심지에 많은 문제점들이 발생하고 있다. 특히 토사재해 피해가 지속적으로 발생하고 있어 콜롬비아 정부차원에서 도심 내 토사재해 위험지역 분석의 필요성이 크게 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 콜롬비아 중소도시 중 토사재해 발생 잠재 위험원이 큰 지역을 선정하고, 연구대상지역 실정에 맞는 토사재해 물리적 취약성 평가를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 우선 콜롬비아 Soacha 지역의 토사재해 발생이력 및 영향인자에 대한 공간정보 DB를 구축하고 분석하였다. 토사재해 및 공간정보 DB를 활용하여 토사재해 잠재발생원 식별을 위한 민감도 평가를 수행하였고, 토사재해 잠재발생원이 높은 지역을 추출하였다. 그리고 토사재해 유동해석을 위한 매개변수(이동각, 최대속도)를 산정하고 Flow-R을 활용한 토석류 유동해석을 통해 토사재해 영향범위를 산정하였다. 또한 토사재해 영향범위에 따른 취약성 평가를 위해 Soacha지역의 도로를 활용하여 경계구역을 설정하였다. 토사재해 영향범위 및 경계구역을 활용하여 최종적으로 Soacha지역에 대한 토사재해 물리적 취약성 지도를 개발 및 평가를 수행하였다. Colombia has experienced many problems in its urban areas due to increase in population in these areas. In particular, because of recurring slope disasters in urban areas, it has become necessary for the Colombian government to analyze these hazards. In this study, we selected a test bed with a high-potential source area in the small and medium city and conducted the physical vulnerability assessment of the test bed. First, we collected and analyzed the causal factors and landslide inventory. Using the landslide inventory and spatial information database, we performed a susceptibility assessment to identify high-potential landslide source areas. Next, we defined the parameters (travel angle, maximum velocity, etc.) for the Flow-R model analysis, which we used to calculate the propagation zone of debris flow. For the vulnerability assessment, we used road sections to define the boundary zones. Finally, we developed and evaluated the physical vulnerability map of Soacha using the propagation zones of debris flow and the boundary zones. The physical vulnerability assessment technique developed through this study will provide useful information for future urban planning and disaster prevention in Colombia.