韓國女性의 地位 變遷過程에 관한 考察

高貞子 東亞大學校 大學院 1984 大學院論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The study on the female activity was carried out to find out women's position on which we gradually laid stress nowadays. Under these situations, I have considered it a subject matter to examine into the variation and understanding of female position. The investigation shows that we may divide the whole Korean history into four parts such as the Ancient Times and The Era of Three Nation, Koryo Era, Yi Dynasty Era and the Modern Times about the female position of family, marriage, and social security system. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Ancient Times and the Era of Three Nations 1) It is considerable that they had traditionally patriarchal valuation on the family system. Having accepted the polygamy system and established their patriarchism steadily. 2) There were a pillaging marriage, a purchasing marriage and a free marriage in the formality of marriage at that time. Among the aristocrats of Silla Era, as the disparity in social standing prevented them from marrying each other, it was carried out in an anomalous way. 3) Since the social strata has been specialized in various ways, women had to be satisfied with the restricted position in the social system. Especially it was a particular matter that women were treated in the same way as men in the era of Three Nations. 2. Koryo Era 1) The monogamy was based on a principle. Compared to the concubine-system of Koryo Era, that of today is more different. 2) Men could keep free contracts with women. If their husband died, they were allowed to get married again. 3) Women had contributed in a great manner to their family life, which enabled them to obtain more improved position in social and moral aspects. 3. Yi Dynasty Era 1) People prefered the gross family to the nuclear one in the structure of family. They also made men first social order and a legitimate children first family order as a principle. Since only sons could get their allotment among the children after their father's death, women were ruled out in inheritance of family and relatives. 2) Women were obliged to keep their purisyt and were not permitted to get married again. They got married just for the benefit of their lineage itself. 3) Female personality was restrained by social system and their ideal and desire were depended on men's thought. It is a pity that women were compelled to serve men with their sacrificial obedience. With such traditions, people had adopted the barbarous custom of giving men the precedence of women. 4. The Modern Times 1) Owing to the industrialization, people in general wanted to keep nuclear family instead of the traditional gross family. The new constitution has adopted monogamy as a principle and approved the joint property of husband and wife. 2) It is inspirable that they were allowed to determine their marriage at their willings. 3) It has to be preceded women's political and social democratization as well as their economic independence. Finally, the consciousness reformation is a problem that requires immediate solution.

老人福祉施設에 관한 硏究 : 釜山地方 養老院을 中心으로 through the asylum in Busan city area

高貞子 東亞大學校 大學院 1980 大學院論文集 Vol.4 No.1

The aged group that is increased by the improvement of life and social modernization brings out many social problems of the aged. The most important issue we should consider is regarded to the social welfare system for the aged. We invested with the questionnaire the following issues through 338 persons who live in six private asylums for the aged in Busan city area. The issues are 1) The Present condition, 2) Actual life circumstances, 3) Their Attitude to, 4) and Their hope to the asylums. We conclude as follows. 1. They are largely distributed into seventies, illiteracy, Christian, rural birth, and past-jobless people. 2. They mostly entered by the economic poverty and the troubles with their supporters which are mostly brought out from nuclear family system. 3. They lived simple life and were lower class people and didn't provide for their old age life. 4. The key problems are 1) The feelings of solitude. 2) Laciness of time utilization. 2) The feelings of economic poverty. 4) Laciness of recreation facilities. 5) Narrow accimmodation and use with patients. 6) Dissatisfaction about food. 7) Facilities for the disabled. 8) Expansion of medical service and facilities. 5. They hope better treatment, economic aid, expansion of social security and the way of reducing their solitude feelings.

마이노리티(학생)인권에 대한 연구

고정자 東亞大學校 附設 生活科學硏究所 2003 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of human rights of Korean students whose rights are infringed comprehensively. For the purpose, this researcher tried to determine what kinds of human rights were guaranteed to students, how students were defined in education field and what kinds of human rights of students were infringed in schools. Results of the study can be described as follows. First, Korean students were considered only as beings to be disciplined, paternally protected and controlled rater than as subjects of rights, despite they were guaranteed with various rights in accordance with UN Convention on Rights of the Child and Youth and the national constitution. Students are captured and suppressed by so-called 'behave like a student' standard in which they must obtain knowledge as requested by schools and obey school rules. They are forced to have all of their rights suspended in schools. Such cultures that dominate schools as orientation to college entrance examination and authoritarianism are antagonistic to human rights in that they structurally form conditions that may infringe such rights of students arbitrarily. In this sense, students should be guaranteed with rights appropriately with their situations and positional characteristics fully considered. Second, how students are defined in education field was determined here to find that students were evaluated by means of socially requested roles and duties depending on characteristics of culture and the times to which they were related. Students in their adolescence are generally defined as immature beings who are not yet adults of independent character. Legal definitions about students' position, for example, special power relation, parent subrogation and may be difficult to be legitimate any longer. Students are not only members of school organization, but also universal beings and further people of a nation. Thus students can have basic rights provided by the national constitution that consider all Korean people as subjects of basic rights. Further, they can be granted any and all rights guaranteed by international treaties and conventions that were joined by the Korean government. Schools can never be out of control by principles and provisions of the constitutions and international treaties and conventions. Third, students' human rights were infringed in complicated and many different ways by school cultures continuously maintained and reproduced, for example, orientation to college entrance examination and authoritarianism. In case that they violate school rules, students are given punishment corresponding to the extent of the violation. Corporal punishment, speech violation, demerit marks on life attitude and disciplinary punishment are examples of responses by schools and teachers to students who did not follow school rules.

고압 수소 기체 환경에서 액체 산소 액적의 초임계 상태의 기화 특성 수치적 연구

고정빈,구자예 한국항공대학교 항공우주산업기술연구소 2003 航空宇宙産業技術硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Droplet vaporization at high ambient pressures is studied numerically by formulating one dimensional vaporization model in liquid oxygen and hydrogen. The ambient pressure is supercritical conditions. The modified Soave-Redlich-Kwong state equation is used to consider of the real gas effects in the high pressure condition. Non-ideal thermodynamic and transport property at near critical and supercritical conditions are considered. Several parametric studies are performed by changing ambient pressure and temperature. Droplet lifetime is proportional to ambient pressure and temperature. Temporal spatial distribution of properties are also investigated.

가족개념인식과 가족가치관에 관한 연구

고정자 東亞大學校附設 生活科學硏究所 2004 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study was to analyze the related family concept and values. Results of the study can be described as follows. University students had the highest recognition of the concept of family in case of blood families in 1900s and the lowest recognition of the concept of family in non-blood families but in 2000s. The marriage is important in 1980s. According to the gender, there were meaningful differences in marriage values. Males were found to be more traditional than women in 1990s-2000s. According to Gender role values women were found to be more modern than Males in 1990s-2000s. According to values of children, the result indicated preffered a son in 60s but more positive option on children in 70s. With regard to values of children, women were found to be more modern than Males in 1990s. Males expressed progressive tendencies on pre-marital sexuality except cohabitation than women. Males were found to be more traditional than women on family-centered values in 1990s-2000s.

韓國社會에 있어서 姑婦葛藤에 관한 硏究

高貞子,金甲淑 東亞大學校 1988 東亞論叢 Vol.25 No.1

This is a preliminary study of changing relationship between mother and daughter-in-law in the Ko-rean society. Surveys were longitudinally carried out on 1974 and 1985. This thesis was made by an experimental research. Data were collected from 146 mothers-in-law and 141 daughters-in-law in Pusan. The collected data were analysed by statistical methods such as percentages and chi-square. The results of this study were as follows. The chief dissatisfaction toward daughter-in-law were doing without consultation and no affection and respect also. The lack of communication of mother-in-law and daughter-in-law is the cause of conflict. There were some tendencies of decresing "inwardly-conflict-resolving", which means more frequent appealing to other relevant consultants, such as daughter by mother and husband by daughter-in-law. Though employment of daughter-in-law outside domestic work increases during the period, traditional attitude of mother against to involvement in the occupational activities by the former did not changed according so far. The conflict between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law play negative effects on the intimacy. As compremiser, in the case of mother-in-law, daughter-in-law respects mother-in-law and gives her the role.

결혼준비교육의 필요성에 관한 연구

고정자 東亞大學校 附設 生活科學硏究所 2003 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

이 연구는 결혼준비교육의 필요성에 관한 연구로서 결혼적응 과정에서 극복해야할 과제와 이를 위해 필요한 결혼준비교육은 어떠한 내용으로 이루어져야 하는지를 알아보기 위하여 현재 미혼 기혼자의 결혼준비교육의 국내 외 실태는 어떠한지를 살펴보았다. 그리하여, 결혼준비교육을 통하여 올바른 지식과 가치관을 지니도록 하며, 적극적인 의미로 행복한 가정을 영위하도록 돕고, 소극적인 의미로 가족의 행복증진을 위한 예방적 차원으로 결혼준비교육이 확대실시 될 수 있는 계기를 마련하고자 한다. The purpose of this study is to understand the necessity of premarital preparation education, then to find out a proper content and course method for participants. To understand the necessity of premarital preparation, existing studies and programs for the premarital preparation education in Korea and U.S.A. were reviewed. Based on the results of this study, I would like to do the following suggestions. First, by adding divorced persons and the experts of professional consultation offices to the subject of the study, we should make the necessity of premarital preparation education be more social concern. Second, to promote premarital preparation education, we should make the necessity of college formulate education establish a lectures. Third, to promote premarital preparation education, we should establish a course of study of the educational institutions, and develop the adult education in lifelong educational aspect, premarital preparation education and the training of professional educators.

大學生의 家意識에 관한 硏究

고정자,김갑숙 東亞大學校 大學院 1990 大學院論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing attitudes of the college students on the thought of family. The study is interested in the following questions. First, What is college student's family-centered consciousness and what differences are respectively made according to such variables as grade, religion, family patterm, sibling order, between sexs? second, What is college students the thought of succeeding their family lines and what differences are respectively made according to such variables as grade, religion, family pattern, sibling order, between sexs? For this study questionnairs were distributed to 511 college students living in Pasan. The data was anayzed frequency distribution, Percentile, mean, x², t-test one-way ANOVA, scheffe-test. The findings of the investigation are as follows ; First, family-centered consciousness. Patriarchy attitude and family custom show traditional tendency, but father's household affairs and family superiority to individual show modern tendency. The studies present that male student, the first son and the extended family show traditional tendency, but neclear family show modern tendency Swcond, the thought of succeeding their family lines. Their ancestor worship attitude show modern tendency. speciallt the significant difference was found according to the various religions. The consciousness of supporting their pasents, patrimony and adoption system also showes modern tendency. But male students show more traditional tendency than female students. The extended family and the first son show more traditional tendency.

양호교사의 역할수행에 관한 조사연구

문희자,박신애,강현숙,고정은 慶熙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

It is the ultimate purpose of school health management to protect, maintain, and prormote the students' health and to help for them to form a wholesome habit of health. To do this, school nurse is an actual professional personnel of school health management in our country. therefore, role performance of a school nurse is directly related to the quality of school health planning, we think. With this belief, this study intends to revise, supplement Rustia model for school health promotion and develop in into a suitable model for our actual situation. In so doing, based on Rustia model, we had surveyed the actual situation of a school nurse's role performance by making 77 school nurses in Boys' and Girls' Middle and High Schools in Seoul as the scope of this research for a period of two months beginning on September 1, 1984. The results were analyzed by employing percentage and mean value. The results of the investigation are as follows: 1. General Characteristics of the school nurses and schools. (1) The average age of the surveyed school nurses is 31.64± 6.6 years old. 81.6% of them was proved to have acquired academic background above Colleges and Graduate Schools; 74% were married; 61% were religious persons. And the average on-duty term was 6.42±5.03 years. 66.2% of them employed in the hospitals before this present job and 31.2% have worked at school as school nurses immediately after their graduation. In college, most of them (81.8%) went through a course of study for the teaching profession and only 9.1% of the taught other courses of study. (2) The majority of the surveyed schools (51.9%) were public schools and 62.3% of them were middle Schools. The average number of students in the school was 2628.52;that of school pesonnel was 66.17±9.7;that of classes was 39.68±12.0. 2. Role performance for primary prevention. (1) Among the serveyed schools, 83.1% of them performed epidemiological analysis of health problem for the promotion of health. As for health planning among health management plan, all of them put it in force, however, only 35% of them participated in preparation of the budget to achieve it. As to the evaluation program, 64.9% of them carry out it into operation and in case of being carried out once in a year marked the most frequency of enforcement as 32.4%. On guidance and support related to health planning, 42.9% of them held a staff meeting; of which 53.2% were school nurse-teacher meeting; 28.6%, school nurse-parent meeting. (2) To protect the students and school personnel from danger and injury, 67.5% of them participated in alleviating health problems-that is, the maintenance of health standard and safety within school, and inserting the means of settling those problems into curriculum and management of school events. Especially, only 14.3% administered school lighting and 35.1% observed safety standards of desks and chairs in class. Consequently, the result of this survey revealed that there is much to be desired in the administration for the maintenance of health standard and safety. As for pervention of infectious disease, the following were implemented; a) disinfection of toilets (92.2%); b) control of drinking water (75.5%); c) purification of sewage and garbage incineration (74%). What is pecular is that 71.4% of them have controlled vaccination but enforcement rate shows lack of enthusiasm when viewed from the kinds of vaccination: Typhoid fever (51.9%), cholera (41.6%) hepatitis (9.0%), encephalitis (23.4%) and that one or two sorts of vaccination were treated. As for the technical improvement of personnels who handled health problems, all of them put it in practice, and for prevention program and use of health resources, 87.5% participated in it. 3. Role performance for secondary prevention (1) 92.2% of them carried out screening tests of a physical assessment for an early detect on health problem and 24.7% did a screening tests which made a part of students its object after the first screening tests. A selection and check-up of measurement tool during a developmental evaluation was taken effect by 98.7% and a preliminary education on the persons who administered that examination and determine to select a place for it by 100%. Of discrimination and screening tests, various kinds of examination for finding disease was detected effectively by 98.7% and of this operation nothing could be come into force more than a check-up of parasites and urine with 97.4%. As to the methods explaning danger of health and safety, the case to be offered school personnels information in a staff meeting marked 96.1% and the one to offer students information in the case of generating such danger as infectious diseases was 100% (2) Control of health problem to be required regular treatment for taking a proper measure on that problem at an earlier time was carried into effect by 93.5%. 98.7% of them imposed a role of communication and intervention of offering and observation method for finding health problem and encourging this method to teacher in charge. All of them executed emergency care, School-nurses helped 33 persons a day on the average, and 89.6% of them did for students to get through a serious crisis. (3) In order to prevent complication and an disable, 83.1% of them carried out a continuous follow-up care of the students who were discharged from the hospitals. 4. Role performance for tertiary prevention (1) In order to care and treat the students who needed their rehabilitation and adaptation for activities of daily living, 89.6% of them performed reeducation after reevaluate their health status, 94.8% performed a role on motivation, 85.7% put in effect a continuous control of the students who needed rehabilitation and correction, and 15.6% did counselling for taking a measure to meet the situation of the disabled. 5. Role performance for health education. Unifying health education from the view points of the first, secondary and tertiary prevention against diseases, we surveyed the content, method, objectives of health education which is now in effect and should be emphasized in the future. Upon this study, we came to conclude as the following; as to the content of health education which is now is effect, prevention of infectious diseases has an absolute majority of all contents as 98.7%, and prevention against parasites, personal hygiene and oral hygiene second place. as 97.4% But education on prevention of venereal diseases shows inactiveness as 42.9%. On the contents to be emphasized, mental health (42.9%), sex education (40.3%) were enumerated but nobody stated about prevention of infectious diseases. As a method practising health education, all of them used that of counselling, and as an indirect education utilizing media, it comes printed matters (96.1%), poster (83.1%), interclass broadcasting casting (75.35) in that order. And the case of regular class on health education marked 23.4%, of the object of health education, 98.7% made students its object; 87.0% school personnels; 51.9% parents of students.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.