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Lee, Yoo-hwan,Kim, Jung-hee,Song, Choon-ho,Jang, Kyung-jeon,kim, Cheol-hong,Kang, Ji-Sook,Choi, Yung-hyun,Yoon, Hyun-Min KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2016 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.19 No.1
Objectives: The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years. Although several studies have focused on the anti-oxidative activity of this mushroom, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established. The present study investigated the cytoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (EGL) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in a C2C12 myoblast cell line. Methods: Oxidative stress markers were determined by using the comet assay to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cell viability and Western blotting analyses were employed to evaluate the cellular response to EGL and $H_2O_2$ in C2C12 cells. Transfection with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and $H_2O_2$-induced growth inhibition. Results: The results showed that EGL effectively inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced growth and the generation of ROS. EGL markedly suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced comet-like DNA formation and phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 ($p-{\gamma}H2AX$), a widely used marker of DNA damage, suggesting that EGL prevented $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the EGL treatment effectively induced the expression of Nrf2, as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with parallel phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the C2C12 myoblasts. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of EGL against $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of ROS and reduced cell growth. Notably, transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA attenuated the cytoprotective effects and HO-1 induction by EGL, indicating that EGL induced the expression of HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that EGL augments the cellular anti-oxidant defense capacity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.
이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
Jung‑Ho Sim,Tae‑Yeong Kim,Jun‑Yeon Kim,Chi‑Won Kim,Jun‑Ho Chung,Joonoh Moon,Chang‑Hoon Lee,Hyun‑Uk Hong 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2
In the present study, low carbon ferritic and bainitic steels with different contents of Mo, Ti, and Nb were designed for bothseismic and fire-resistant applications. The microstructure of steels containing 0.3 wt% Mo–0.02 wt% Nb (‘A’ hereinafter)was mainly composed of bainite. By contrast, the microstructure of steels with 0.2 wt% Mo–0.13 wt% Ti (‘B’ hereinafter)consisted of ferrite with a high density of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX precipitates. The results showed that the bainiticmicrostructure (‘A’ steel) was quite favorable to high-temperature strength and thermal stability. The yield strength of ‘A’ steelat both room and 600 °C temperatures increased consistently with increasing thermal exposure time (600 °C/200–1000 h),since the precipitation of NbC particles occurred while maintaining bainitic ferrite platelets with a high density of dislocationsduring exposure. In the ‘B’ steel, the formation of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX particles was effective to impededislocation movement, leading to excellent plasticity (lower yield ratio) at room temperature. However, their contributionto precipitation hardening was not so much at 600 °C, as compared to the bainitic strengthening. During low cycle fatiguetests at room temperature, the main different feature between the two steels is that the ‘A’ steel showed cyclic softeningwhile cyclic hardening was evident in the ‘B’ steel. The bainitic microstructure showed a better fatigue life due to increasedductility manifested by cyclic softening, by which dislocation cell was developed.
김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1
The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.
TNF-α로 유도된 혈관내피세포의 혈관염증에 미치는 오적산(五積散)의 억제 효과
한병혁 ( Byung Hyuk Han ),윤정주 ( Jung Joo Yoon ),김혜윰 ( Hye Yoom Kim ),안유미 ( You Mee Ahn ),홍미현 ( Mi Hyeon Hong ),손찬옥 ( Chan Ok Son ),나세원 ( Se Won Na ),이윤정 ( Yun Jung Lee ),강대길 ( Ho Sub Lee ),이호섭 대한본초학회 2018 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.33 No.4
Objectives : Ojeoksan, originally recorded in an ancient Korean medicinal book named “Donguibogam” and has been used for the treatment of circulation disorder of blood which was called blood accumulation (血積) in Korean medicine. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the beneficial effect of OJS on vascular inflammation in HUVECs. Methods : We evaluated the effect of OJS on the expression of cell adhesion molecules and protective role in HUVEC stimulated by TNF-α by using Western blot. Results : Pretreatment with OJS decreased the adhesion of HL-60 cells to TNF-α-induced HUVEC. OJS suppressed TNF-α-induced expression level of cell adhesion molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), and endothelial cell selectin (E-selectin). Moreover, OJS significantly decreased TNF-α-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS); and inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB-α in the cytoplasm compared to the experimental group. Pretreatment with OJS inhibited the trans-location of NF-κB p65 to the nucleus. OJS also inhibited phosphorylation of MAPKs compared to the experimental group. OJS significantly increased the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. Conclusions : Ojeoksan has a protective effect on vascular inflammation, and might be a potential therapeutic agent for early atherosclerosis.
자원 제약 조건이 공기-비용 교환 문제에 미치는 영향 분석
홍성준,류한국,유정호,이현수 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1
It has been generally accepted that cost and time are in reverse proportion. But, due to the resource constraints such as resource capacity, resource availability, resource continuity and resource level, time and cost could have unfixed relation and time-cost trade-off curves could take various forms. This study proposes the labor-related constraints affecting the time-cost trade-off problems and analyzes the effects.
홍원표,남정만,김시현,이재호 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1996 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.26 No.-
리비아 사막지역의 지반특성을 연구하기 위하여 리비아 1단계 대수로공사가 실시된 지역의 지반특성을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 Sarir 취수원에서 Ajdabiya 저수조를 경유하여 Sirt 저수조까지의 대수로 공사지역을 따라 실시된 실내시험과 현장시험결과를 포함하고 있다. 이 지역은 내륙지역(Sarir 취수원에서 Ajdabiya 저수조까지)과 해안지역(Ajdabiya 저수조에서 Sirt 저수조까지)으로 구분하여 연구된다. 본 연구결과, 지표면 부근에 있는 모암(Cap rock)은 주로 Caliche나 석회사암(Calcarenite) 성분을 많이 띠고 있고, 이들의 깊이에 따른 강도변화는 발견할 수 없었다. 또한 모래에 대한 Ncl도 깊이에 대한 변화를 발견할 수 없었으나 이들을 종류별로 분류하였을 경우, N치가 약간 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 끝으로 해안지역의 점토에서는 지표면부근에서 조금 과압밀된 경향을 볼 수 있었으며, 내륙지역의 점토에서는 대단히 높은 팽윤포텐셜이 관찰되었다. To study geotechnical properties on Sahara desert of Libya, geotechnical characteristics in the region of the Great Man-made River Project were reviewed. A series of field and laboratory tests were carried out along the route of the conveyance lines from Sarir well field to Sirt end reservoir through Ajdabiya holding reservoir. In the view of geotechnical aspect, the research subject area can be divided into two areas ; one is the inland area(from Ajdabiya holding reservoir to Sirt reservoir). The results of this study showed that the cap rocks nearby ground surface were generally composed of caliche or calcarenite and variation of its strength according to depth could not find. Also, N value in sand did not show a trend of variation with depth however, the N value in the classified soil reveals tendency to increased. The clay of ground surface in the coastal area was slightly overconsolidated due to the desiccation of the surface soils. The clay in the inland area had high swelling potential.
Caco-2 세포 단층막 투과 실험시 교반이 약물의 투과계수에 미치는 영향
홍순선,유호정,이홍,정석재,김대덕,심창구 한국약제학회 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.2
The unstirred water layer (UWL), which has been known to exist in the boundary of the intestinal lumen and intestinal wall, often behaves as an absorption barrier especially for lipophilic drugs. The intestinal absorption of drugs is often characterized using Caco-2 cell monolayers grown on Transwell polycarbonate membranes. The permeability (Pare) of drugs across the cell monolayer might be influenced by the agitation of the donor compartment, since the width of UWL on the surface of the cell monolayer would be reduced by the agitation. In this study, the effect of agitation of the donor compartment with 60 rpm on the permeability was measured for 12 drugs with a wide range of lipophilicity and permeability. The of mannitol, tributylmethyl ammonium, cimetidine, ranitidine, hydrocortisone, benzylpenicillin and loxoprofen was not influenced by the agitation, while the P_(app) of theophylline, propranolol, YH439, phenylpropanolarnine and testosterone was increased by the agitation. There was a significant correlation between the increase of P_(app) by agitation and the lipophilicity for the compounds having P_(app) > 2 x 10^(-5) cm/sec. No correlation was observed for the difference in P_(app) by agitation and the molecular weight, or lipophilicity of the drugs. Therefore, the agitation rate of the donor compartment in the Caco-2 cell monolayer study should be carefully controlled in order to estimate Pap, reproducibly especially for iipophilic drugs.
정화영,송홍석,정강호 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.3
A case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of scalp is presented. The patient is 16-year-old male who has develped 10×15cm huse scalp tumor on left frontal head with both cervical lymph node enlagement. The CT presentation of slightly isodense soft tissue mass lesion without rim enhancement on left scalp was found. Magnetic resonance imaging of head showed that tumors invaded outer table of the skull focally. There were no other extra cutaneous manifestations. Biopsy of tumor revealed diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic type of malignant lymphoma. The patient was treated with six cycles of COPBLAM-V chemotherapy that resulted in complete remission. Four months after the completion of chemotherapy, the left preauricular lymph node was enlarged. Biopsy revealed same pathology with that of scalp. Again he obtained a complete response with combination chemotherapy.