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José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo,José Luis Muñoz-López,José Jesús Muñoz-Escobedo,Claudia Maldonado-Tapia,Oscar Gutiérrez-Coronado,Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero,María Alejandra Moreno-García 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.55 No.6
The immune response against Trichinella spiralis at the intestinal level depends on the CD4+ T cells, which can both suppress or promote the inflammatory response through the synthesis of diverse cytokines. During the intestinal phase, the immune response is mixed (Th1/Th2) with the initial predominance of the Th1 response and the subsequent domination of Th2 response, which favor the development of intestinal pathology. In this context, the glucocorticoids (GC) are the pharmacotherapy for the intestinal inflammatory response in trichinellosis. However, its therapeutic use is limited, since studies have shown that treatment with GC suppresses the host immune system, favoring T. spiralis infection. In the search for novel pharmacological strategies that inhibit the Th1 immune response (proinflammatory) and assist the host against T. spiralis infection, recent studies showed that resiniferatoxin (RTX) had anti-inflammatory activity, which decreased the serum levels of IL-12, INF-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and PGE2, as well the number of eosinophils in the blood, associated with decreased intestinal pathology and muscle parasite burden. These researches demonstrate that RTX is capable to inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines, contributing to the defense against T. spiralis infection, which places it as a new potential drug modulator of the immune response.
José De La Cruz Agüero,Víctor Manuel Cota Gómez 한국해양과학기술원 2008 Ocean science journal Vol.43 No.3
One specimen of Pteraclis aesticola was collected off San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur, México (22°54'N, 109°45'W), in March 2007. Present record is the first reported occurrence of the species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific biogeographic region (Gulf of California to southern Ecuadorian waters). Its large fan-like anal and dorsal fins and its counts of fin rays and vertebrae can distinguish the Pacific fanfish from the other species in the genus. This fish may have not yet been recorded in the region because its presence has been overlooked in the past because of rarity and lack of commercial value. One specimen of Pteraclis aesticola was collected off San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur, México (22°54'N, 109°45'W), in March 2007. Present record is the first reported occurrence of the species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific biogeographic region (Gulf of California to southern Ecuadorian waters). Its large fan-like anal and dorsal fins and its counts of fin rays and vertebrae can distinguish the Pacific fanfish from the other species in the genus. This fish may have not yet been recorded in the region because its presence has been overlooked in the past because of rarity and lack of commercial value.
The phenomenology of pain in Parkinson’s disease
José Antonio Camacho-Conde,Víctor Manuel Campos-Arillo 대한통증학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.33 No.1
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is the second most common disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. PD includes both “motor” and “non-motor” symptoms, one of which is pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of pain in patients with PD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 250 patients diagnosed with PD, 70% of which had mild to moderate PD (stages 2/3 of Hoehn and Yahr scale). The average age was 67.4 years, and the average duration since PD diagnosis was 7.1 years. Relevant data collected from PD patients were obtained from their personal medical history. Results: The prevalence of pain was found to be high (82%), with most patients (79.2%) relating their pain to PD. Disease duration was correlated with the frequency of intense pain (R: 0.393; P < 0.05). PD pain is most frequently perceived as an electrical current (64%), and two pain varieties were most prevalent (2.60 ± 0.63). Our findings confirm links between pain, its evolution over time, its multi-modal character, the wide variety of symptoms of PD, and the female sex. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the pain felt by PD patients is mainly felt as an electrical current, which contrasts with other studies where the pain is described as burning and itching. Our classification is innovative because it is based on anatomy, whereas those of other authors were based on syndromes.
Use of Sliding Multirotational Devices of an Irregular Bridge in a Zone of High Seismicity
José M. Jara,Manuel Jara,Hugo Hernández,Bertha A. Olmos 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.1
The 525 meters long Infiernillo II bridge crosses the Infiernillo Dam and it is the first isolated bridge built in Mexico. It is located in the Morelia-Lazaro Cardenas highway that connects the central cities of the country to the Pacific Coast. Arch steel trusses compose the superstructure of the five simple supported spans. The substructure consists of reinforced concrete abutments and piers supported on cylinders and piles. The total cylinder-pier subsystem height is in the range of 46 m to 71 m, causing a strong irregularity in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The bridge was subjected to an assembly of real strong motion movements recorded close to the Pacific Coast in Mexico, site where the most severe earthquakes occur in the country. The study started by evaluating the analytical model with environmental vibration measurements previously taken. Based on the similarity of the results,none adjustment was required for the numerical model. The results show the importance of the isolator dynamic characteristics on the expected seismic behavior of the bridge. Special emphasis is dedicated to analyze the effectiveness of the isolation system for avoiding concentration of strength and displacement ductility demands on an irregular bridge substructure.
THE DIFFERENT SHADES OF BRAND HATE: A QUALITATIVE APPROACH
José Pereira,Sandra Loureiro 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2020 No.11
While Brand Love has been extensively studied, Brand Hate is still in the early stages of its theoretical development. Aiming to reduce that gap, this project has three main goals: first, conduct a thorough literature review, seeking to consolidate what has been written about the concepts of love, hate, brand love, brand hate and several supportive elements such as emotions, consumer-brand relationships, brand and anti-brand communities; second, perform and code multiple semi-structured/in-depth interviews, analyse and discuss the Portuguese costumer’s perception on the topic and link it with academia; third, build a literate crossing between Marketing and Linguistics that can be used by future studies. Supporting these objectives is the Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology. Among the findings generated by this process, seven facets were uncovered: emotions are essential to the shopping experience; there is an occasional contemporaneity between diverse elements of Active Brand Hate; Negative Past Experiences was the most cited antecedent of Brand Hate; it is possible to turn Brand Hate into neutral or positive relationships, but so is the inverse; Negative Double Jeopardy should be divided into parcels; Oppositional Brand Loyalty ought be tested as another antecedent; there are dissimilar types of Brand Hostages.
Early Management of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
José Antonio Soriano-Sánchez,Salman Sharif,Francesco Costa,Jose Alberto Israel Romero Rangel,Carla Daniela Anania,Mehmet Zileli 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4
Scientific knowledge today is being generated more rapidly than we can assimilate thus requiring continuous review of gold-standards for diagnosis and treatment of specific pathologies. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the best early management of spinal cord injury (SCI), in order to produce acceptable worldwide recommendations to standardize clinical practice as much as possible.The WFNS Spine Committee voted recommendations regarding management of SCI based on literature review of the last 10 years. The committee stated 9 recommendations on 3 main topics: (1) clinical assessment and classification of SCI; (2) emergency care and early management; (3) cardiopulmonary management. American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, Spinal Cord Independence Measure, and International Spinal Cord Injury Basic Pain Data Set are considered the most useful and feasible in emergency evaluation and follow-up in case of SCI. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most indicated examination to evaluate patients with symptomatic SCI. In early phase, correction of hypotension (systolic blood pressure<90 mmHg), and bradycardia are strongly recommended. Surgical decompression should be performed as soon as possible with the ideal surgical time being within 8 hours for both complete and incomplete lesions.
José A. Díaz-García,Ramón Gutiérrez-Jáimez 한국통계학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.38 No.3
In this paper, the densities of the doubly singular beta type I and II distributions are found, and the joint densities of their corresponding nonzero eigenvalues are provided. As a consequence, the density function of a singular inverted matricvariate t distribution is obtained.