정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

自由中國 就學前 敎育政策 樹立過程의 敎育人類學的 理解

朴俊熙 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1981 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.38 No.-

In the late of the 18th century, the Republic of China was becoming aware of necessity for educational modernization with concern in the educational system, facility, materials and the methods of teaching. Also, she tried to reorganize and change from the traditional situation to the modernized European nations models for the making the so-called developed and modernized one. The purpose of the transition from the traditional situations of education to modernized, was to assure that she was going to make her country a new nation through education. First of all, for the accomplishment of the purpose, she tried to study the educational systems, facilities, materials and methods of teaching of the advanced countries like England, France, Germany and America. Then she tried to reorganize the educational system of her own country and at the same time, she never has forgotten but rather as an informal or very fundamental education in relation to home education in early childhood, especially and traditional carried out by herself from the ancient. Therefore, the present educational system which she has developed is mostly, in its frame, imitated from the systems of advanced countries. And so, nowadays the pre-school education in the Republic of China has been well developed in comparison with the pre-school education of Korea and Japan. In Taiwan, for instance, the private pre-school education institution reaches almost one thousand and one-third in its ratio. This number and ratio shows a much more advanced situation in comparison with Korea and Japan in relation to the total population, the scale of the land and at the same time the wealth of those countries. The reason why and how she could make that development of the pre-school education and at the same time emphasize so much importance of its is very interesting from the standpoint of educational anthropology and so it might be deeply considered. Historically and culturally it can be classified into two categories, One is that is has come from the value of education the Chinese people have stressed due to their traditional Confucian way of thinking. The other is from the characteristics of the Chinese culture which they also has built based on the same way of life as follows; 1. Historically, from the first, most of the Chinese people have emphasized home education for children to promote the development of a nationalistic ethical idea and personality, and they thought of the home education as the foundation of the nationalistic development of the people. At the same time, they thought of the home education as the foundation of all kinds of educational systems and activities. 2. From the standpoint of the Chinese culture, there are these kinds characteristics: (1) The Chinese culture has both characteristics of conservativeness and innovativeness. (2) The Chinese personality is very continental and they could well accommodate foreign culture or values without feeling any anxiety about it. (3) The Chinese language is, in its structure from the standpoint of grammar, very similar to the western language and thus they have similar ways of thinking. (4) The style of living of the Chinese people is also similar, in many ways, to the style of western people. (5) The Chinese people are excellent in their economic idea for the making of the wealth for their living and at the same time their skills for their commercial activities in their personality.

계층적인 탐색점 배치와 화소 간축을 이용한 움직임 추정 기법

박준호,류명춘,김준한,김신희 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.1 No.1(B)

In motion estimation of moving pictures compression, fast block matching method using hierarchical search point displace and the pixel decimation is supposed. The method is based on TSS(Three step Search) method and pixel decimation. This method improves image quality and local minima by increasing search points, but operation counts that resulted from increasing search points are reduced by the pixel decimation method. So, the method can improve image quality and operation counts are nearly the same with TSS. MP@ML video is simulated by this method, which shows good results compared with TSS.

여성 복압성요실금에서 술 전 발살바요누출압에 따른 Suprapubic Arch 술식의 결과

박준명,유지형,성락희,정재용,노충희 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Objective : There were variant results for correlation between the postoperative cure rate and valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the influence of VLPP on the outcome of suprapubic arch (SPARC) procedure. Materials and Methods : A retrospective analysis was made of 246 women who underwent SPARC procedure for SUI. Based on VLPP, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group A (VLPP<60cmH2O) and group B (VLPP≥60cmH2O). The objective success rate and subjective success rate were assessed. Before surgery, the patients were evaluated with history taking, physical examination, urinalysis and urodynamic studies. The objective success rate was evaluated by clinical examination and the 1-hour pad test postoperatively and the subjective satisfaction rate was assessed using questionnaires for the patients' satisfaction and evaluated by recommendation rates of SPARC procedure to other patients. The objective success rate included cure and improvement, the subjective success rate included satisfaction and fair. Results : The number of patients in each group was 145 patients (group A) and 101 patients (group B). The objective success rate was 99.3% (group A) vs 98.0% (group B) (p=0.285). The subjective success rate was 98.6% (groupA) vs 98.0% (group B) (p=0.500). Recommendation rates of SPARC procedure was 94.5% (group A) vs 95.0% (group B) (p=0.422). Conclusion : It is our belief that SPARC procedure for female SUI is efficacious and safe regardless of preoperative VLPP.

5세 남아의 Influenza 종격동기종 및 대엽성 폐렴 1례

오희성,한유진,연은경,선동신,송준환,박경배,박준수,김영통,남해선,최영진,김용배 순천향의학연구소 2009 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.3S

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조기위암의 임상적 연구

박태준,양은수,류종철,박태군,이희승,신원창,이진호,김관엽 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.1

1989년 9월부터 1993년 7월까지 인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원에서 실시한 위내시경 소견이 조기위암이며 내시경 직시하 생검결과 선암으로 판명되어, 근치적 위절제술을 시행받은 23명의 환자에서 임상적 특징을 알아보고, 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The incidence and mortality rate of stomach cancer ranks well ahead of all malignancies in Korea. The prognosis is excellent in early gastric cancer of which the overall 5 years survival rate of 85∼95% is comparative with that of advanced gastric cancer of 15∼49%. So early detection with very sensitive mordality of gastroscope and surgery is the only premise to decrease the mortality rate of gastric cancer. This report deals with the clinical aspects of 23 cases of early gastric cancer, which were confirmed with histopathologic examination of resected stomach during the 4 years from September 1989 to July 1993 at Sanggye Paik hospital, Seoul, Korea. Out of 23 cases of early gastric cancer, 14 cases were male, 9 cases were female, and the male to female ratio was 1.6 : 1. The most common type of early gastric cancer was talc type(43.5%), IIc and its combined type comprised most of them(87.0%). The most prevalent sloe of lesion was gastric angle(43.5%) and the most common direction was lesser curvature(73.9%) 19 cases of 23(78.3%) were between 1∼3cm in size, and there was no statistical significance between the size of the lesion and lymph node metastasis. Of the 9 cases with mucosal lesion, there were 2 cases with lymph node metastasis(22.2%), but 7cases(50.0% ) of 14 cases with submucosal lesion presented lymph node metastasis. Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy on detection of early gastric cancer was 17 cases(73.9%) of total 23 cases in our study. As with other report, histopathulogic examination of resected stomach revealed adenocarcinoma, tubular type as the most common type. Frequent complaint of patients with early gastric cancer was epigastric pain(65.2%), and duration of the symptom was less than 12 months in 17 cases(73.1%) of 23 patients with early gastric cancer.

아동 무용활동이 생활성취도에 미치는 영향

박준희 韓國舞踊敎育學會 1998 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this study is to find influence of children's participation in dance on their life achievement including character property and life in school. The study is of three groups, experimental group 60, control group 60 and observer group(60 parents of the students) and they responded to my questionnaire on 2 parts including 7 scales. The results of the study are as follows. 1. The experimental group. 1) Their increased mean scores for character property are as follows : stability 2.16, positiveness 1.74, sociality 2.51, responsibiltity 1.24, and self-confidence 2.68. This results show that children's participation in sports have positive effects, especially for self confidence sociality, stability and positiveness. 2) Their increased mean scores for life in school are as follows : adaptation to life in school, 1.60, satisfaction with study in school, 0.49. This results show that children's participation in dance have positive effects to adaptation to life in school, but their is little effect in satisfaction with study in school. 2. The observer group. Their increased mean scores are as follows" Character property part(stability 2.52, positiveness, 1.96, sociality, 1.98, responsibility, 0.92, and self-confidence, 1.75.) Life in school part(adaptation to life in school 1.51, satisfaction with study in school 1.09). The result show that children's participation in dance have good effect to character property and life in school.

토끼에서 근육주사시 입자 크기에 따른 amoxicillin의 비교 약물동태학

박승춘,윤효인,오태광,장범수,배순이,조준형,정상희,이내경,김민규 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

To investigate the pharmacokinetic difference between the two amoxicillin (AMX) particles in rabbits after intramuscular injection (i.m.), both of AMX-S (particle size: 10 ㎍) and AMX-L (particle size: 100 ㎍) were injected into New Zealand White rabbits (1.2±0.3 ㎏) at a dose rate of 10 ㎎/㎏ of body weight. In this study, serum AMX concentrations were detected by microbiological assay with E. coli BE 1186 which shows high antibiotic sensitivity. After i.m. administration, AMX-S and AMX-L were best fitted as 1-compartment model with the absorption and elimination phase. The biological half-life (T_1/2, _k10) of AMX-S is 4.06±1.09 h and that of AMX-L 4.76±0.69 h. The serum maximal concentration time (T_max) of AMX-S and AMX-L were 0.88±0.17 h and 0.77±0.11 h, respectively. Maximal AMX concentration (C_max) (AMX-S: 5.71±0.62 ㎍/㎖, AMX-L: 5.04±0.25 ㎍/㎖) in serum showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In terms of bioequivalance, however, there was no difference between the two AMX's after i.m. injection in the basis of C_max and AUC.

한국무용 참가동기와 생활만족의 구조방정식 모형 분석

박준희,정혜선 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2005 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This study was to analyze the life satisfaction by korean dance participation's motivation. Specifically. this study was to test relationship among, participation motivation, active satisfaction and life satisfaction. The subjects(N=191) were selected in highschool and university located at Kwangju province by convenience random sampling. This study organized a self-administration reporting questionaire which was named<The survey on the life satisfaction by korean dance participation's motivation>. The result of reliability about questionaire was Chronbach' a=.758-902. The reliability analysis and SEM were used as statistic analysis techniques. On the basis of the results, the conclusions were drawn as follows; First. There was a signfticant influence between outer participating motivation and active satisfaction. Second, There was a significant influence between active satisfaction and life satisfaction. Third, the model which was generally coincided on X^(2) = 145.701 (P=.000), RMSEA = .073, TLI = .939, NFI = .910, CFI = .952, explained adequate relationship among korean dance participation's motivation, active satisfaction and life satisfaction.

사과의 溫水處理와 그 果汁抽出에 關한 硏究

朴埈熙 慶北專門大學 (영주경상전문대학) 1979 慶北專門大學 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

사과를 75°C의 溫水中에 약 1시간 浸漬하고 8조각으로 잘라서 서서히 압착하면 당 등의 저분자 성분을 물과 함께 細胞膜璧을 通過해서 배출되어 지고 醒素및 蛋白質 등의 고분자 성분은 그데로 남는다. 따라서 이 방법 으로 얻어진 사과果汁은 最初부터 透明度가 높고 또 방치 하여도 褐變化 되지 않았으며 더욱이 향기가 특히 좋았다. When a whole apple was steeped in hot water at 75˚C for one hour, it was capable to discharge effectively the transparent juice under a moderate pressure and also the juice was prevented from browning reactions. The facts seemed to come from such reasons as those found in sweet potato, previously reported; that is, some parts of bound water in the cells were librated and also the membrane systems were altered in their permeability. Accordingly, by squeezing, low molecular components were excluded with water passing through the membrane systems, but high molecular ones such as enzymes related to browning reaction were apt to remain in the pressed cakes.