The Effects of Optic Disc Factors on Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measurement in Children

Jong‐,Hwa Jun,Se‐,Youp Lee 대한안과학회 2008 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: We analyzed the effect of the changes of the optic disc area (ODA) caused by the axial length and the refractive error, and the consequent changes of the distance from the optic disc margin to the circular scan (OD‐CS) of Optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) were examined. Methods: One hundred two eyes of 51 children (age range 4 to 15 years) were measured using OCT including the RNFLT. For the ODA and the OD‐CS, the relative area formed by the ODA and the circular scan was obtained. In addition, the correlation of the refractive error and the axial length to the optic disc factors was assessed. Results: As hyperopia progresses to myopia, the axial length became longer, the ODA became smaller (r=‐ 0.442, p=0.000) and the OD‐CS showed a tendency to increase (r=0.471, p=0.000). As the OD‐CS became longer, the measured average RNFLT decreased significantly (r=‐0.248, p=0.012), and the ODA and the ODCS showed a significant correlation to the RNFL thickness that was measured in the nasal and inferior areas, the S2, N2 and N3 areas and the I1 area. Conclusions: As ODA becomes smaller and the OD‐CS becomes longer, the RNFLT measured in the nasal and inferior areas, the S2, N2, N3, I1 area has a tendency to be thinner. Hence, consideration of the disc area is required when interpreting the RNFLT of these eyes. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 22(2):115-122, 2008

록인 증폭기에 의한 L(C,R) 회로 공진점 결정의 한 방법

정세민,홍진태,최규황,노지현 東亞大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.1

L(C,R)회로의 공진점을 결정하기 위해 록인 증폭기에 의한 sequential spectrum analysis(SSA)법을 적용해 보았다. 시료는 변압기였으며, 단일 소인방식과 왕복 소인방식을 비교해 보았다. 또한 실험 결과의 신뢰도를 확인해보기 위해 실험결과를 변압기의 제작사 자료와 Q 미터(HP,4277A USA)에 의한 측정 결과와 비교하였다. 제작사 자료에 의하면 시료의 공진점은 두 권선의 각각은 5kHz(10kHz/2)였으나, 왕복소인에 의한 측정에서 시료의 공진점은 5.1kHz, 실험 결과로부터 계산된 Q 값은 4.3으로 주어졌고, 단일 소인법에 의해서는 공진점이 5.78KHz로 주어졌으며, Q 미터에 의한 Q 값은 4.9(9.8/2)였다. 실험 결과들과 기준 Q 미터에 의한 측정결과를 비교해본 결과, 양방향 소인법이 단일 방향소인법 보다 더 신뢰할 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, SSA법에 의한 측정이 기존의 상용 전문기기에 의한 측정에 못지 않음과 전문기기의 측정 하한 문제를 극복하는 좋은 대안이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. An accurate method named the sequential spectrum analysis(SSA) using a lock-in amplifier(LIA) of the heterodyne type was investigated to determine the resonance frequency of a LC(C,R) circuit : A heavy winding transformer was used as an inductor in the circuit. In this experiment, two types of the sweep method-one way and round trip method were examined. The resonance frequency of each method were compared with the manufacturer's data and those by the reference Q meter(HP,4277A, USA)for the experimental confidence: Measured resonance frequency by the round-trip method was 5.1 kHz, Q value at this frequency was about 4.3, while those by the single-sweep method were given by 5.78 kHz for the resonance frequency, 2.3 for the Q. On the other hand, the resonance frequency of manufacturer's data was 5 kHz and Q value by the reference Q meter was 4.9(9.8/2)at that frequency. From the comparison, it might be concluded that the SSA by the round-trip method was more reliable and accurate than the one-way method and relatively inexpensive, good alternative with respect to the professional instrument.

미백보조광 조사가 치아미백의 효과에 미치는 영향

박종현,신혜진,박덕영,박세희,김진우,조경모 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of light energy on the tooth whitening effect of bleaching agent in vitro. Extracted human mandibular molars were sectioned to 2 fragments(mesial distal) and lingual portions of crown were used in this study. All specimens were stained using a red wine for 24 hours and immersed in artificial saliva. Specimens divided into four groups, group 1 and 2 light-activated by LumaCool (LED, LumaLite. Inc. Spring Valley, USA) group 3 and 4 light-activated by FlipoWhite2 (Plasma acr lamp, Lokki Australia) Group 1 and 3 bleached with LumaWhite(LumaLite, Inc.. Spring Valley USA), group 2 and 4 bleached with Polaoffice(SDI, Victoria, Australia). Bleaching treatment Performed during 10 minutes every 24 hours and repeated 6 times. During bleaching treatment, distal fragments was light-activated(L) but mesial fragments was not(NL). Shade assessment employed before and after bleaching treatment using spectrophotemeter. The results of the change in shade was compared and analysed between NL and L by using paired-sample T test with 95 % level of confidence. There were no significant differences between NL and L with a few exceptions. In group 2, a^(*) value more change in L, in group 3, b^(*) value more change in L in gioup 4, a(*) value less change in L. After bleaching L^(*) value and ΔE increased in all groups and the value of a^(*) and b^(*) decreased in all groups. Within the limitation of this test conditions, the results of this study indicate that the light energy has no obvious improving impact on the tooth whitening effect of a bleaching agent. 이 연구의 목적은 미백제의 치아미백효과에 미백보조광의 빛에너지의 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 발거된 하악 대구치 치관의 설면을 실험에 사용하였고, 하나의 대구치에서 근심과 원심으로 구분되는 2개의 치아 절편을 얻었다. 모든 시편을 24시간동안 적포도주에 보관하여 착색을 유도하고, 인공타액에 보관하였다. 시편들은 미백광조사기와 미백 powder의 종류에 따라 4개의 실험군으로 나뉘었으며, 실험군은 다음과 같다. Group 1: LumaCool로 광조사를 시행, LumaWhite를 사용 Group 2: LumaCool로 광조사를 시행, Polaoffice를 사용 Group 3: FlipoWhite 2로 광조사를 시행, LumaWhite를 사용 Group 4: FlipoWhite 2로 광조사를 시행, Polaoffice를 사용 미백처치는 10분간 매 24시간마다 총 6회 시행하였고, 미백처치시 동일한 치아에서 얻어진 두 개의 시편 중 원심시편에는 미백광조사를 시행한 반면, 근심시편에는 미백광조사를 시행하지 않았다. 색조의 평가는 spectrophotometer를 사용하여 매 미백처지 전과 후에 시행하였고, 근심측과 원심측에서 얻어진 색조 변화 차이를 paired-sample T test를 이용하여 95%의 신뢰수준으로 비교하였다. 미백처치 후 모든 실험군에서 L^(*) value와 ΔE의 증가와 a^(*) value와 b^(*) value의 감소가 관찰되었다. Group 2 원심절편의 a^(*) value와 group 3 원심절편의 b^(*) value에서의 더 큰 변화와 group 4의 원심절편에서의 a^(*) value가 좀 더 적은 변화를 제외하고, 모든 실험군에서 근심절편과 원심절편사이에서 색조변화의 차이는 통계적 유의성을 보이지 않았다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 미백보조광의 빛에너지는 미백제의 치아미백 효과를 증가시키는 것에 명백한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.

37% 인산 부식제에 의해 발생한 안면피부의 화학 화상

박종현,신혜진,박세희,김진우,조경모 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.1

복합레진 수복을 위해 상아질에 total-etch adhesive system을 적용할 경우. 37% 인산 산부식제가 널리 사용되고 있다. 37% 인산은 매우 강력한 부식제로 구강점막이나 안면피부와 접촉되었을 때 심각한 해로운 효과가 발생될 수 있다. 이 증례 보고에서는 복합레진 수복과정에서 사용된 인산 산부식제에 의해 안면피부에 발생된 의원성 화학적 화상을 보고하고자 한다. 산부식제에 의한 화학적 화상은 산부식제를 부주의하고 부적절하게 사용함으로 발생될 수 있으며, 이러한 의원성 손상을 방지하기 위해서는 산부식과 수세과정 후 산부식제가 완전히 제거되었는지를 확인하여야하며 복합레진 수복 시 러버댐이나 적절한 격리 기구를 사용하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 화상이 발생하였다면 적절한 응급처치 후 피부과로 의뢰하는 것이 필요할 것이다. When we use the total-etch dentin adhesive system for composite resin restorations. gel or liquid acid etchant such as 37% phosphoric acid is commonly used. Thirty seven percentage phosphoric acid is very powerful erosive agent. and can cause severe harmful effects when it contacts with an oral mucosa and facial skin. This case describes iatrogenic chemical burn on facial skin caused by phosphoric acid which was happened during composite resin restorative procedure. Chemical burn by acid etchant can be evoked by careless handling of remnant and syringe. In order to prevent these iatrogenic injuries, we should check the complete removal of the etching agent both in intra and extra-oral environments after etching and rinsing procedure and it is necessary to use of the rubber dam or isolation instruments. If accidental burn were occurred, immediate wash with copious water. And bring the patient to the dermatologist as soon as possible.

백화사설초 메탄올 추출물에 의한 HL-60 細胞 枯死過程에서의 cell cycle 關聯因子의 活性變化 硏究

한세희,이종범,문구,문석재,원진희,박래길,이종덕 대한한방종양학회 2000 대한한방종양학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Objecives: Hedyotis diffusa is used to treat cancer in traditional Korea Medicine. So this study was carried out to examine the expression of cell cycle related genes in HL-60 cells undergoing apoptosis by the methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa. Methods: 1. HL-60 cells were treated with various concentrations (from 200 to 50㎍/ml)of metnanol extract and H20 extract (200 ㎍/ml) of hedyotis diffusa. After 48 h later, the cells were tested for viability by MTT assay. 2. The HL-60 cells were treated with 200 ㎍/ml of methanol extract for the indicated periods. The whole cell lysates were prepared and analyzed by westem blotting using anti-p53 antibody. 3. The nuclear extract were prepared and analyed by western blotting using anti-p21 antibody, anti-p27 antibody, anti-cyclen A antibody, anti-cylin E antibody and anti-CDK2 antinbody. Results: 1. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa induced the death of HL-60 cells in a dose dependent manner. 2. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa makedly decreased the level of p21/Cipl and cyclin A in a time dependent manner. 3. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa markedly increased tje ;eve; pf p27/Kip and cyclin E in a time dependent mammer. 4.The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa markedly did not affect the level of CDK2. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that expression of cell cycle related genes in HL-6- cells undergoing apoptosis by the methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa mainly results from decreased level of p21/cipl and increased level of p27/Kipl of the cell cycle related genes.

동맥 혈전 모델에서 초음파와 Perfluorocarbon Exposed Sonicated Dextrose Albumin을 이용한 혈전 용해의 항진

임세중,강석민,하종원,정광회,장양수,정남식 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.5

나지(裸地)에서 벌개미취 생장에 미치는 재식거리의 영향

신세균,박재호,전종옥,윤태,윤종선 韓國植物ㆍ人間ㆍ環境學會 2001 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.4 No.3

The Primary goal of this research is to verify the usefulness of Aster Koraiensis as a garden plant and to figure out the appropriate planting space which would bring the most effective results in terms of scenery and cost. For these purpose, we gathered the saplings of the wild grown Aster koraiensis in August and maintained them for winter. The following spring, we planted them in flat bare land with 3 different panting spaces of 50 x 50Cm, 40x30Cm, 30x30Cm. 2nd years after planting, we observed and compared the 3 different columns on the status of growth, number and size of leaves and conditions of flowering. The results are as follows : The number of leaves, stalks and roots of individual plants were increased by the wider planting density. But the ratio of leaf area per unit area appeared to be the highest in the 40X30cm sector which showed 366.9%, while the 50x50cm column showed 294.1% and 360.4% in the 30X30cm column. As for the conditions of flowering, such as the size of flowers, the number of petals per blossom and the length of flowerstalks, the best results were observed in the 50x50cm column. On the other hand, the 40x30cm column yielded the largest number of blossoms per unit area. On the basis of these results, we could induce that the 30x30cm column had already passed the peak point for the best scenery within 2 years after planting, while the 50x50cm column had not yet reached the peak point. Naturally, this leads to the conclusion that the 40x40cm planting space could be most effective when we assume the peak period for scenery to be 2nd years after planting. According to our investigation, the blooming period of Aster Koraiensis in the central region of the Korean peninsular lasts about 70 days from 15th June to 25th August. And the peak blooming time is 30 days from 5th July to 5th August. On the basis of these findings, we can reach the final conclusion that Aster Koraiensis has many merits and is useful as ornamental flavor of garden.

소독액의 B형 간염바이러스 표면항원에 대한 억제효과

이세종,임미경 大韓齒科保存學會 1994 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.19 No.1

Resilon을 이용한 근관충전 시 수종의 치면처리제에 따른 미세누출 평가

오종현,박세희,신혜진,조경모,김진우 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.2

이 실험의 목적은 Resilon으로 근관충전된 치아에서 자가산부식전처리제에 따른 치근단 미세누출을 평가하고자 함이다. 70개의 단근치를 사응하였고 .04 Taper ProFile을 사용하여 ISO #40까지 근관성형 하였다. 치아는 근관충전 재료와 자가산부식 전처리제에 따라서 15개씩 4개의 실험군과 5개씩 2개의 대조군으로 나누었다. 실험 치아는 치아 장축에 평행하게 잘라내어 염색액의 최대 침투 길이를 측정하였다. 통계분석은 One-way ANOVA test로 분석하였으며 Scheffe test로 사후검정 하였다. 실험결과 자가산부식전처리제를 사용한 2, 3, 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 1군과 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 1군에서 가장 적은 치근단 미세누출을 나타냈다. 이 실험 결과에 따르면 Resilon으로 근관충전을 한 치아는 gutta percha와 AH26^(ⓡ)으로 근관충전할 치아와 비교했을 때 더 좋은 치근단 밀폐를 나타내지 않는다는 결론을 얻었으며, Resilon을 사용하여 근관충전을 한 경우에 자가산부식 전처리제의 차이에 따른 치근단 밀폐효과의 차이를 보이지 않는다는 결론을 얻었다. The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by several self-etching primers and methacrylate-based root canal sealer. Seventy single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. The canals were instrumented by a crown-down manner with Gate-Glidden drills and .04 Taper Profile to ISO #40. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 15 teeth each according to root canal filling material and self-etching primers and two control groups (positive and negative) of 5 teeth each as follows: group 1 - gutta percha and AH26^(ⓡ) sealer; group 2 - Resilon, RealSeal™ primer and RealSeal™ sealer; group 3 - Resilon, Clearfil SE Bond^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer group 4 - Resilon, AdheSe^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer. Apical leakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration of roots sectioned longitudinally by diamond disk. Statistical analysis was performed using the One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe' s test. There were no statistical differences in the mean apical dye penetration among the groups 2, 3 and 4 of self-etching primers. And group 1, 2 and 3 had also no statistical difference in apical dye penetration. But, there was statistical difference between group 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The group 1 showed the least dye penetration. According to the results of this study, Resilon with self-etching primer was not sealed root canal better than gutta precha with AH26^(ⓡ) at sealing root canals. And there was no significant difference in apical leakage among the three self-etching primers.

공백진의《己亥雜詩》譯註(4)

崔鍾世 中國語文硏究會 1996 中國語文論叢 Vol.10 No.-