Person Restrictions and Control Effects

( Jong Un Park ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2013 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.58

This paper is concerned with person restrictions imposed on subjects in two constructions in Korean and explores how the person restrictions correlate with the determination of the referents of null subjects in embedded contexts. One of the two constructions accompanies the modal marker -keyss with a volitive meaning, while the other involves a subject experiencer predicate (SEP), such as kulip- ``miss`` and sulphu- ``sad``. Showing that the mandatory referential dependencies between an embedded null subject and a matrix argument are obligatory control (OC) in the two constructions, this paper offers a syntactic analysis of how to derive the OC relations. To this end, extending J. Park``s (2011b) analysis of jussive control constructions in Korean, this paper suggests that the OC effects in the two constructions can be derived by a series of syntactic binding, akin to operator-variable binding. It is further shown, as a consequence, that the proposed analysis properly captures shift in the type of person restrictions and that of OC in interrogative contexts.

A Predication Analysis of Korean Numeral Classifier Constructions

( Jong Un Park ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2019 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.38 No.-

The major goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of two major approaches to post-nominal numeral classifier (post-NC) constructions, claiming that a predication approach, where an associate NP and a numeral-classifier (NC) complex are taken to be a subject and a predicate, respectively, is more tenable than a non-predication approach. As convincingly shown in Y.-T. Hong (2019), previous studies under the non-predication view are problematic in that they fail to properly capture several properties. However, although Y.-T. Hong is correct in showing the problematic aspects of the non-predication approach, his own ‘inverted predication analysis,’ which considers the associate NP as a predicate and the Num-Cl complex as a subject, is not unproblematic. After demonstrating that the inverted predication analysis poses some problems, we suggest an alternative version of predication analysis by adapting S.-Y. Park’s (2009, 2017) and Park and Park’s (2019) analyses.

Scrambling and Parasitic Gaps in Korean

( Jong Un Park ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2019 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.37 No.-

The main aim of this paper is to answer long-standing questions surrounding parasitic gaps in Korean: First, does Korean have genuine parasitic gap constructions?; secondly, if there are PGCs in Korean, what kind of movement licenses PGs?; and third, do a PG and an real gap form a single chain or separate chains? We argue that Korean has not only an adjunct type but also a subject type of PGs, contra S. Park's(2018) view that only the latter type is available in the language. As for the second question, building on K.-H. Lee(1988, 1998), we maintain that it is scrambling that licenses PGs in both types of PGs, and that the operation must apply in those configurations to obviate weak crossover effects. Finally, we present data that support the non-separate chain view, namely that both real gaps and PGs are licensed by the same instance of scrambling. In particular, we adopt the sideward movement approach (Hornstein & Nunes 2002) as a viable way of deriving the properties of PGs in Korean under the non-separate chain view.

설악산국립공원 멸종위기 산양(Naemorhedus caudatus) 개체군 크기와 서식지 이용 현황

조재운 ( Chea Un Cho ),김규철 ( Kyu Cheol Kim ),권구희 ( Gu Hui Kwon ),김기윤 ( Ki Yoon Kim ),이배근 ( Bae Keun Lee ),송병철 ( Bung Cheol Song ),박종길 ( Jong Gil Park ) 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 설악산국립공원에 서식하는 멸종위기종 산양과 서식지의 보전 및 관리를 위해 산양의 분변 및 카메라 트랩을 이용한 개체수와 서식지 이용 분석을 2010~2014년 동안 수행하였으며 생태학적 조사 방법(흔적조사, 카메라트 랩조사)을 사용하였다. 분변 조사와 카메라트랩핑 분석 결과 각각 166개체 및 251개체의 산양이 설악산국립공원에 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 흔적조사(분변)를 통한 서식지 이용 특성 분석에서 산양은 경사도 35°~60°, 고도 600~700m, 향 북동, 수계와의 거리 0~50m, 도로와의 거리 300~600m, 활엽수림을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 카메라트랩 조사를 통한 산양 개체군 구성, 주간(07-18시)이 56.5%, 야간(18-07시)이 43.5%로 산양의 활동성을 파악하였다. 이러한 산양의 개체수와 서식지 이용 특성 분석은 향후 그들이 살아가는 서식지의 보전과 서식지의 관리를 위한 중요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This study was conducted investigate population size and habitat use for the conservation and management of the endangered long-tailed goral in the Seoraksan National Park using feces and camera trap during 2010 to 2014 (track survey, camera trap). As a result of feces tracking and camera trap, its population size was estimated as 160 (camera trap)~251 (feces) individuals in the Seoraksan National Park. The goral prefer 35°~60° (slope), 600~700m (elevation), NE (aspect), 0~50m (distance to stream), 300~600m (distance to road) and bread-leaved forest (forest type) according to field tracking of fecal. Based on field camera trap, we estimated the age classes of goral populations and activity of gorals during day-time (07-18 time, 56.5%) and night-time (18-07 time, 43.5%). Such analyses of population size and habitat use of the goral could be applied as important fundamental data for conservation of gorals and management of their habitats.

Two Types of Negation in Let Imperatives

Hye ran Lee,Jong Un Park 한국생성문법학회 2014 생성문법연구 Vol.24 No.3

This paper aims to complement Park's (2013) approach to let imperatives by presenting new data. Based on Zanuttini's (1996) generalization about the dependency between the presence of TP and the availability of sentential negation, Park claims that the complement clause selected by -key-ha 'let' in Korean can be negated because of the presence of TP, but the one selected by let in English cannot due to the absence of TP. Although his analysis of the distribution of sentential negation is on the right track, there are English data in which the lower clause of let imperatives can be negated with not. We bring together a wider range of data of let imperatives from various sources, which include not only the data with a sequence of Let not NP VP but also those with a sequence of Let NP not VP. These two patterns of negation are reported to be unavailable in let imperatives by Park (2013), which traces back to Potsdam (1998). However, this paper shows with several diagnostics that not serving to negate the lower clause in these two patterns is no t 'sentential' but 'constituent' negation. The conclusion we draw is that despite the structural difference of the lower clause, there is no difference in logical possibilities of negation of the lower clause between the English let imperatives and Korean key-ha-la imperatives.

廢水中 Formaldehyde의 除去에 관한 硏究

朴允昌,박종운 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

A removing process of formaldehyde in a HCHO-containing wastewater by H_2O_2 have been studied by using various catalyzers such as Ca^2+, Mg^2+, and Fe^2+. A pH 5.4 wastewater containing 1,000ppm HCHO was treated with 5% NaOH solution to pH 10 and then H_2O_2 and FeSO_4 which is frequently used to eliminate heavy metals such as Cd, Hg and Pb in wastewater were added. After heating at 70℃ for 30 minutes, the wastewater solution was analyzed by chromotropic acid method to determine the residual HCHO. HCHO in the wastewater was found to be almost completely removed. The most appropriate concentration of FeSO_4 in this removing process was 0.02%. Since H_2O_2 can be used as an oxidant in the elimination of heavy metal ions in wastewater, H_2O_2 and FeSO_4 can be effectively used to remove formaldehyde and heavy metal ions in wastewater simultaneously.

牧民心書「戶典六條」에서 보는 社會淨化의 哀情과 農村復興의 基調

朴宗烈,洪鍾雲 춘천교육대학교 새마을연구소 1981 새마을 교육연구 Vol.2 No.-

다중 중합효소 연쇄반응을 이용한 반코마이신 내성 장구균의 신속 검출

박성언,박수진,엄용빈,김종배,송혜원,박상욱,김양수,김근희 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1999 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.5 No.1

일반적으로 임상검사실에서 vancomycin resistant enterococci(VRE)를 검출하는 일은 어렵고, 시간이 많이 들며, 검체처리 비용도 많이 든다. 따라서 본 실험은 임상검체에서 분리된 세균으로부터 VRE를 신속하게 확인하고, 진단하기 위한 방법으로서 다중 중합효소 연쇄반응을 확립하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 primer는 장구균에 특이한 유전자인 vanA, vanB, vanC-1, vanC-2/3각각의 염기서열을 기초로 primer를 제작하고, 다중 중합효소 연쇄반응을 실시하여 임상검체로부터 분리된 VRE 유전자의 type 및 분포율을 조사하고자 하였다. 국내에서 분리된 75주의 장구균을 대상으로 다중 중합효소 연쇄반응을 실시한 결과 36주의 분리균주에서 vancomycin에 대해 높은 저항성을 보이는 vanA 유전자를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 18주에서는 vancomycin에 낮은 저항성을 내성을 보이는 vanC-1또는 vanC-2/3유전자를 보유한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 실험에서 확립한 다중 중합효소 연쇄반응 기법은 신속한 VRE 진단 방법으로 이용할 수 있을 것이다. It is generally difficult, time-consuming, and expensive for the clinical laboratory to detect vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE). The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay system as a diagnostic tool for the rapid detection of VRE from clinical samples and/or for the identification of VRE from the bacterial strains isolated from clinical specimens. Specific primers, designed from the nucleotide sequences respectively encoding the vanA, vanB, vanC-1, vanC-2/3 genes in enterococci, were coupled in a multiplex PCR assay system. With this multiplex PCR assay system, we investigated the incidence rates and types of VRE isolated from clinical samples. A total of 75 strains of enterococci were isolated in 3 general hospitals in Korea. Of these isolates, 36 strains showed a pattern of highlevel vancomycin resistance which associated with vanA gene, whereas 18 strains showed lowlevel vancomycin resistance associated with vanC-1 or vanC-2/3 gene. Thus, multiplex PCR assay method established in this study could be applied for the rapid detection of VRE.

국내에서 분리된 포도상구균의 Vacomycin 내성빈도 및 특성

박성언,김종배 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.3

Vancomycin은 세포벽의 합성을 억제하여 세균에 대한 항균효과를 나타내는 glycopeptide 계 항생물질로서 그람양성세균으로 인한 감염치료에 광범위하게 사용되며, 특히 methicillin 내성 포도상구균의 선택적 치료제로 쓰이고 있다. 그러나 최근 임상검체에서도 중등도의 내성을 가지는 포도상구균 (Mu50: MIC 8 ㎍/ml)이 나타나기 시작하였고 여러 가지 여건상 국내에서도 내성균주가 분리될 가능성이 높다고 사료되어 임상검체 중 methcillin 내성 포도상구균을 대상으로 vancomycin 감수성 및 내성빈도 조사를 실시하고 이에 따른 내성기전을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 실험 결과 107주 (株)의 methicillin 내성균주 중 23.3%가 vancomycin에 대하여 내성을 보였으며 vancomycin 내성을 나타내는 표준균주인 Mu5O과 Mu3의 중간 정도의 내성빈도를 보였다. 중합효소 연쇄반응을 통해 장구균의 vancomycin 내성에 관여하는 vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2, vanH 특이 유전자는 증폭되지 않았다. SDS-PAGE를 실시하여 81 kDa, 58 kDa, 33 kDa, 28 kDa 등의 주요 단백 분획을 확인하였고, Mu50에서 45 kDa의 특징적인 단백 분획을 관찰하였다. LDH enzyme assay에서는 한 개의 검체가 Mu50과 함께 높은 LDH 활성을 보였다. The vancomycin, one of the family of glycopeptide antibiotics, inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and has been widely used against gram-positive bacterial infections, especially for a treatment of methicillin resistant S. aureus inflection. However, clinical isolate which was intermediately resistant to vancomycin (Mu5O: MIC 8㎍/ml) was isolated in recent years. In this study we performed vancomycin susceptibility test with the increment method and population analysis with clinical isolates S. aureus. Also we did several kinds of tests with three selected isolates (s129: MIC 7㎍/ml, s134: MIC 7㎍/ml, s135: MIC 8㎍/ml) to find out possible mechanism of vancomycin resistance. As a result, the prevalence of vancomycin resistant S. aureus isolates among S. aureus strains resistant to methicillin was 23.3% (25/107), The vancomycin resistances of isolated strains of S. aureus were between those of Mu50 and Mu3 strains. By PCR analysis, none of the isolates with decreased vancomycin susceptibility contained known vancomycin resistant genes such as vanA, vanB, vanCl , vanC2, and vanH. Major bands of 81 kDa, 58 kDa, 33 kDa, 28 kDa were demonstrable in whole cell lysates by SDS-PAGE from all three isolates as well as reference strains. And especially, 45 kDa protein was overproduced in Mu50 strains. Among them increased production of NAD+-linked-D-lactate dehydrogenase (dnLDH) were detected from one clinical strain (s135) and Mu50 strain. From these data, we suggest that the mechanism of vancomycin resistance in these isolates are distinct from that in enterococci.

경북 천생산, 유학산, 숲데미산지역의 식물군락유형

박강민,김종현,강치욱,이종운 嶺南大學校基礎科學硏究所 2001 基礎科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-

From April to October 2001, we studied on vegetation of 60 plots through the methods of Braun-Blanquet at Cheonsaengsan, Yuhaksan and Supdemisan in Gyeongbuk. Through the methods of interspecific affinity analysis, DECORANA and TWINSPAN the patterns of plant communities of 60 were analysed. It showed 6 communities at Cheonsaengsan, 5 communities at Yuhaksan, 6 communities at Supdemisan and total appearance of 128 species and covered with 50∼95% of tree layer, 20∼90% of shrub layer, 20∼90% of herb layer. As the result of interspecific affinity analysis it showed one big specific complex composed with 52 species and the 60 plots were divided into 4 groups by classification and ordination. One big species complex as a result of affinity analysis and eigenvalue of 0.303 at first step by classification indicate that Cheonsaengsan, Yuhaksan and Supdemisan are in developing stage of succession.