결장직장암 환자의 임상적 고찰 : 조선대학교 부속병원의 10년 간의 결과

나은종,문성표,장정환,김권천,민영돈,김성환,조현진,김정용,김경종 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Background and Objectives: The colorectal cancer rates 4th in the total cancer prevalence in Korea. The clinical patient demographics were considered with the incidence rate of the colon and rectal cancer. The clinicopathological factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate. Materials Methods: Of the 282 patients who were operated from Jan. 1, 1992 to Dec. 31, 2001 and diagnosed by pathological biopsy as colo-rectal cancer, 234 patients were followed up. The age, sex, location of the cancer, TNM stage, operation method, histopathological classification, metastatic region, complications after operation and the survival rate were investigated. Results: Of the 234 patients, male and female consisted of 120 cases (51.3%) and 114 cases (46.7%), with an average age of 61.6 years. The average follow up period was 52.3 months and the peri operative mortality was 5.6%. The site of the cancer was most frequent at the rectum with 127 cases (54.3%). The patients were classified according to the TNM stages with 38 cases of stage 1 (16.2%), 98 cases of II (41.9%), 72 cases of III (30.8%) and 26 cases of IV (11.1%). The 5 year survival rate in the age group older than 50 was 63.3 % and 73.5% in the group younger than 50. In regard to the operation type, the 5 year survival rate was 65.4% for elective operation and 65.8% for emergency operation. The 5 year survival rate for well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated cancer, and mucinous adenocarcinoma was 73.7%, 60.2%, 58.3%, and 92.6%, respectively. The 5 year survival rate of each of the TNM stage is 81.1%, 74.8%, 57.0%, and 11.5% for Classes I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Conclusion: The clinical factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate with no statistical significance for the age, sex, and location of the cancer. The TNM stage and histopathological differentiation were statistically significant. The colon cancer showed better prognosis compared to the rectal cancer.

Angiotensin 전환효소 유전자 다형성과 양극성 장애

김경나,김종우,정주호,이기철,정홍경,임성빈 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

연구목적 : 감정조절에 Renin-Angiotensin System이 관여하는 것으로 보고되어 왔다. 그 근거로 우울증의 새로운 약물치료로 주목받고 있는 Substance P의 대사에 angiotensin 전환효소(angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE)가 관여한다는 것과 고혈압 환자에서 angiotensin 전환효소 억제제(ACE inhibitor)를 사용했을 때 다행감이나 우울감을 초래한다는 것 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 ACE의 유전자 다형성을 분석하여 양극성장애와 ACE와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 양극성장애로 진단된 환자군 82명과 대조군 135명을 대상으로 16번째 intron의 다형성 부위를 가진 시발체 쌍(primer pair)을 사용하며 중합효소 연쇄반응(Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR)을 시행하여 490bp 산물(I allele)과 190bp 산물(D allele)을 관찰함으로써 ACE 유전자의 유전자형(genotype)의 발현율과 대립유전자(allele)의 빈도를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 양극성장애 환자군과 대조군 사이에서 유전자형의 발현율과 대립유전자적 빈도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 양극성장애 환자군과 ACE 유전자 다형성 사이에 유의한 관련성은 없었다. 이 결과는 ACE가 양극성 장애의 원인으로 주요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사하지 못했다. Objectives : A possible participation of the Renin-Angiotensin Systern(RAS) in regulating of the mood has been suggested by reports as follows : the angiotensrn converting enzyme(AGE1 is involved jn the metabolism of the neuropeptide substance P impficated with novel strategies for the pharmacotherapy of depression and the use of ACE inhibitors in hypertensive patients has been associated with euphoric or depressive stales. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism for bipolar disorder. Methods : We examined the frequency of a polymorphism characterized by the insertion or deletion of a 287-bp Alu repeat sequence in intron 16 of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene(located on chromosome 37q233 in groups of patients with bipolar disorder(n=82) compared to healthy control subjects[n=135). ACE genotype was determined by size-analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Results : The ACE ID polymorphism did not show any difference in allelic frequencies and genotypic distributions between bipolar disorder patients and control subjects. Conclusions : No significant association was found with bipolar disorder and the polymorphism of ACE gene. This finding does not support that ACE I/D polymorphism is a significant risk factor for bipolar disorder.

용량별 죽력 투여가 생쥐의 간과 신장의 조직 및 혈액학적 변화에 미치는 영향

정종길,나창수,김경수,홍광표,김정상 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives : Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen extracts (BE) has been used for various curative effect that remove intense heat from the heart, replenish deficiency Yin, nourish deficiency blood, resolve phlegm. This study was performed to investigate the toxicity of BE to mice according to the administered dosage. Methods : The experimental groups divided four. Control group treated saline, J1 group treated BE and distilled water in the ratio of 1:15(0.05ml/kg), F2 group treated BE and distilled water in the ratio of 1:7(0.05ml/kg), J3 group treated BE and distilled water in the ratio of 1:17(0.05ml/kg). We administered BE to the mice for 24 weeks at interval of 48 hours, and investigated the body weight, changes in hematological profile, activities of the transaminase(GOT, GPT) and two hepatic antioxidant enzyme(SOD, catalase), and histological changes of the liver and kidney. Results : Leukocytes of J3 group were increased in the administered for 12 weeks, but decreased in the administered for 24 weeks. Platelets were decreased about 36% in J3 group treated for 12 weeks, but increased about 50% in the same group treated for 24 weeks. Blood total proteins were decreased slightly in the all experimental groups compared with control group. The activities of the transaminase and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were increased, but decreased activities of catalase in the J2 and J3 groups administered for 12 or 24 weeks. In the light microscopical observation, ballooned and injured hepatocytes in portal vein area of J1 group occurred, and dilated hepatocytes and disoriented sinusoid observed in J2 group administered extracts to mice for 24 weeks. Apoptosis occured in the ballooned and injured hepatocytes of the portal vein area in J3 group. A agglutination of RBC in glomerular capsule of the kidney observed in the J2 group, and destructed convoluted tubule observed in the J3 group treated for 24 weeks. Conclusions : These results indicate that mice treated with high dose BE develop a hematological changes, dysfuncton of the liver and kidney.

梓木이 腦血流 및 血壓에 미치는 影響

황경택,경은호,나한일,소응향,최병화,한종현 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to measure the changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and blood pressure (BP) in rats, following the intravenous injection of Catalpa Ovata Water Extract (COWE). The measurement was continually monitored by laser-doppler flowmeter (Transonic Instrument, USA) and pressure tranducer(Grass, USA) in anesthetized adult Sprague-Dawley rats through the data acquisition system composed of MacLab and Macintosh computer. The result of this experiment was as following : COWE increased the changes of rCBF and BP significantly. After pretreatment with propranolol and indomethacin, the changes of rCBF were inhibited significantly, but not by L-NNA and methylene blue. Also, after pretreatment with propranolol, the changes of BP were inhibited significantly, but not by L-NNA, methylene blue and indomethacin. According to above result, it is considered that Catalpa Ovata increased the rCBF and BP, related to adrenergic β-receptor.

성인 급성 신부전의 원인 및 예후인자 분석

구영선,장윤경,양종오,강민규,황평주,김종학,나기량,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

Acute renal failure is a frequent complication in hospitalized patients and is strongly related to the mortality. The Clinical outcome and prognostic factors of acute renal failure(ARF) have been analyzed by many authors. The present study describes the etiologic and clinical aspects, as well as other factors related to mortality. All the patients suffering from acute renal failure admitted during the period of January 1993 - August 1998 were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 52±17 years and mortality rate was 24%. The causes of acute renal failure were hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS), sepsis, renal hypoperfusion, urinary tract obstruction, acute tubular necrosis, etc. The etiology of ARF was a significant prognostic factor on mortality in ARF. Other significant prognostic factors were oliguria, organ failure, use of vasoconstrictors, hypotension, serum bicarbonate, premorbid conditions, sepsis, neurologic complications, gastrointestinal bleeding. On the other hands, operation, sex, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, BUN, serum creatinine, and hyperkalemia were not significant factors for the mortality. We conclude that major prognostic factors of acute renal failure arc premorbid conditions, sepsis and multiorgan failure, and they are responsible for persistent high mortality of acute renal failure despite of advances of medical care.

자외선 (UVB) 노출 증가에 대한 피부암 위해도 예측 모델의 적용

신동천,이종태,정용,강나경,양지연 한국환경독성학회 1996 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1

A decrease in stratospheric ozone probably caused by chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) emissions, has been observed large parts of the globe. It is generally accepted that if ozone levels in the stratosphere are depleted, greater amounts of shortwave ultraviolet radiation-B (UVB) will reach the earth's surface, resulting in increased incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. In this study, we evaluated several mathematical models, such as a power and an exponential model, and a geometric model considering the surface area of a human body part and ages for the prediction of skin cancer incidence caused by exposure to the UVB radiation. These models basically estimated the risk of skin cancer based on those measurements of the local ozone in stratosphere and UVB. Both were measured at a part of Seoul with a Dobson ozone spectrometer and Robertson-Berger UV Biometer for 1995. As a result, we calculated the point estimation applying a biological amplification factor (BAF), UVB radiation and other factors. We used a Monte-Carlo simulation technique with assumption on the distribution of each considered factor. The sensitivity analysis of model by there components conducted using Gaussian sensitivity method. The annual integral of UVB radiation was 2275 MED (minimal erythema dose)/yr. Also, an estimate of the annual amount of UVB reaching the earth's surface at a korea's latitude and altitude was 3328 MED/yr. The values of the radiation amplification factor (RAF) were ranged from 0.9 to 1.5 in Seoul. To give the effective factors required to model the prediction of skin cancer incidence caused by exposure to the UVB radiation in Korea, we studied the pros and cons of above mentioned models with the application of those parameters measured in Seoul, Korea.

세라믹 브라켓의 제거 시 Er : YAG 레이저의 효능

서충환,장나영,채종문,조진형,김상철,강경화 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.4

본 연구에서는 세라믹 브라켓 제거에 Er:YAG 레이저 조사가 도움이 되는지 알아보고, 브라켓 제거에 적합한 레이저 조사 방법을 연구하였으며, 또 이렇게 적용된 레이저가 치수와 법랑질에 손상을 주는지도 알아보았다. 총 190개의 치아, 단결정 세라믹 브라켓(MISO), 다결정 세라믹 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)과 KEY Laser3를 사용하였다. 실험군은 세라믹 브라켓의 종류(단결정, 다결정)와 레이저의 에너지(140, 300, 450, 600 mJ)에 따라 분류하였으며, 레이저를 브라켓당 두 곳에 1펄스씩 조사하고, 전단 강도를 측정하였다. 대조군은 레이저를 조사하지 않는 군으로 하였다. 레이저 조사에 의한 열 효과는 브라켓 하방 법랑질과 치수강에서 측정하였으며, 전단 강도 측정 후 치면에 남아있는 접착제의 양을 접착제 잔류 지수(adhesive remnant index)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 레이저 조사로 인한 접착제의 파괴 양상과 법랑질 표면 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 모든 세라믹 브라켓군에서 레이저 에너지가 증가 할수록 전단 강도는 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, 브라켓 하방 법랑질에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 3.78˚C 상승에 그쳤으며, 치수강에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 0.9˚C 상승에 그쳤다. 주사전자현미경을 이용한 법랑질과 접착제 단면 관찰에서 접착제 표면이 레이저에 의해 붕괴되어 분화구 모양의 구덩이로 관찰되었으며, 일부 시편에서 약 10 - 30μm의 법랑질 손상이 발견되었다. Transbond XT로 부착된 단결정 도재 브라켓(MISO)의 디본딩에 Er:YAG 레이저를 이용할 경우, 300 - 450 mJ의 레이저 에너지를, 그리고 다결정 도재 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)의 경우는 450 mJ 정도의 에너지를 사용하는 것이 효과적이고 안전할 것으로 생각된다. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out whether Er:YAG laser can aid in debonding ceramic brackets, and to see what kind of method will be the most appropriate for debonding. Methods: One hundred and ninety teeth, monocrystalline brackets (MISO, HT, Ansan-Si, Korea), polycrystalline brackets (TranscendTM series 6000, 3M Untek, Monrovia, CA, USA) and the KEY Laser3 (KavoDental, Biberach, Germany) were used. Experimental groups were classified according to the type of ceramic brackets, and the amount of laser energy (0, 140, 300, 450, 600 mJ). After applying laser on the bracket at two points at 1 pulse each, the shear bond strength was measured. The effect of heat caused by laser was measured at the enamel beneath the bracket and pulp chamber. After measuring the shear bond strength, adhesive residue was evaluated and enamel surface was investigated using SEM. Results: All ceramic bracket groups showed a significant decrease in shear bond strength as the laser energy increased. The greatest average temperature change was 3.78˚C on the enamel beneath the bracket and 0.9˚C on the pulp chamber. Through SEM, crater shape holes caused by the laser was seen on the enamel and adhesive surfaces. Conclusions: If laser is applied on ceramic brackets for debonding, 300 - 450 mJ of laser energy will be safe and efficient for monocrystalline brackets (MISO), and about 450 mJ for polycrystalline brackets (Transcend series 6000).

地域的差異에 의한 초파리分布와 生態에 關한 硏究

李澤俊,秋鍾吉,羅燾業,姜景來 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1975 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Drosophilid flies were collected by the methods of fruit trap and sweeping net from 1969 through 1975 at four different mountains of Korean panisular. 1) Eight genera including 61 species of Drosophilidae were recognized in these survey. During the period of collection, Drosophilid flies were recognized at each mountain as follows; 4 genera, 31 species and 10417 specimens at Mt. Hanla. 4 genera, 22 species and 6537 specimens at Mt. Palkong. 7 genera, 24 species and 4677 specimens at Mt. Unak. 7 genera, 53 species and 9492 specimens at Mt. Sulak. Newly recorded species of Drosophilidae from the results of these survey were as follows; 3 genera, 5 species and 275 specimens at Mt. Hanla. 3 genera, 9 species and 1220 specimens at Mt. Palkong. 7 genera, 24 species and 4677 specimens at Mt. Unak. 3 genera, 8 species and 312 specimens at Mt. Sulak. 1) Altitudinal distribution of Drosophilid flies were analysed at two areas of Mts. Sulak and Hanla. The number of flies decreased at higher altitude, and there were very scarce frequency over 1500m in altitude. However, most flies of S. graminum and D. bifasciata were collected at higher altitude in the season of mid-summer. On the contrary, some species of Drosophilidae, such as D. melanogaster, D. bizonata, D. immigrans and D. lutea showed 1:1 ratio in their sexes. From the results of these survey, the frequency of male flies of D. suzukii express higher than that of opposite sex at low altitude, but ratio showed the same at high in altitude. Some species of Drosophilidae (D. angularis, D. bizonata) collected at field mushroom were not recognized in their 1:1 sex ratio measured from the Chi-spuere fomular. Reason to the factors of these unbalanced ratio of sexes in the natural fields were not known.

혈액투석중인 말기신부전 환자에서 Fludrocortisone acetate (FCA) 투여 후 혈청 칼륨 저하 효과

류봉관,강대웅,정지용,윤나라,신병철,박경희,정종훈,김현리 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.1

Background: Hyperkalemia is a commonly encountered problem in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease. In this study we evaluated the effect of mineralocorticoid therapy (fludrocortisono acetate) on serum potassium level in the serum of hyperkalemic end-stage renal disease patients. Methods: Fourteen patients on hemodialysis receiving fludrocortisone acetate (FCA) 0.1 mg/day were observed for 2 months periods. Consecutive monthly biochemical profiles were compared for the druration of the pre-and post-treatment of FCA. Result: Fourteen patients with mean age (±SE) of 51.5 years (4 males and 10 females) and mean hemodialysis period of 51.9 months were studied. Mean serum potassium levels significantly fell (p<0.05) during the post-FCA period (5.2±0.66 mEq/L) compared with potassium levels during the pre-FCA (5.8±0.43 mEq/L) period. Pre-and post-FCA values were not different for sodium, chloride, protein, albumin, AST/ALT, glucose, blood nitrogen, creatinine, phosphate and calcium. Conclusions: FCA appears to decrease serum potassium value in patients with end-stage renal disease. These results suggested that FCA could be effective to treat hyperkalemia without any adverse effect in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.