Active Debris Removal: Potential Legal Barriers and Possible Ways Forward

Jinyuan Su (사) 이준국제법연구원 2016 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.9 No.2

The space environment is unique. Natural decay of debris therein is much slower than pollutants in other environments, so that removal is difficult and expensive. Despites the voluntary implementation of mitigation guidelines, the amount of debris has surged in the last two decades due to increase and diversification of space actors, and the continuing militarization of space. Active Debris Removal has thus become a promising responsive scenario. This article examines key legal barriers to the implementation of removal, such as the lack of legal definition of space debris, ambiguities surrounding the jurisdiction and control over space debris, liability for possible damages caused in removal, and implications for space arms control. It further proposes that more comprehensive registration of space objects, an international catalogue of space debris and an international fund for removal should be promoted. Also, international cooperation should be enhanced to cope with space debris, while space arms control should be strengthened.

Research on the status quo and business model of Chinese social e-commerce

Liu jinyuan 한국무역학회 2019 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2019 No.08

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment: mechanisms, fouling control, novel configurations, and future perspectives

Jiajia Li,Jinyuan Jiang,Junchao Li,Changjun He,Yong Luo,Lihong Wei 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.1

As the world focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and recovering energy from sewage, technologies that can recover energy and reuse wastewater are becoming increasingly important. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology has recently attracted attention, as it can achieve energy recovery and yields high-quality effluent. However, the large-scale commercial application of AnMBRs requires that certain barriers be overcome, including membrane pollution and dissolved methane recovery. In this review article, we summarize the basic principles of anaerobic wastewater digestion and discuss the excellent performance of AnMBRs for wastewater treatment. Various factors, membrane types, and pollution are discussed, and control strategies for dealing with membrane pollution are put forward. In addition, a variety of new AnMBRs are described that may better control membrane pollution. Finally, future research directions for AnMBRs are presented to promote the large-scale integrated application of AnMBRs for industrial wastewater treatment.

Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space and Developing Countries

Miqdad Mehdi,Jinyuan Su 한국국방연구원 2020 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.32 No.2

The existing international legal framework for outer space is inadequate for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS). There has not been any other legally-binding treaty on outer space since the signing of the Moon Agreement (MA) in 1979. The development of adequate international law for PAROS is in urgent need. Some spacefaring countries are promoting a treaty on PAROS. For instance, China and Russia have proposed a draft treaty on the Prevention of Placement of Weapons in Outer Space and the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects (PPWT), which has encountered criticisms from some other space powers. This paper briefly reviews the influence, rights, and concerns of developing countries on PAROS. Developing countries have participated and made their concerns known in various inter-governmental fora, such as the General Assembly (GA) and the Conference on Disarmament (CD). It discusses the role of developing countries in the making of treaties and resolutions on outer space. It concludes by summing up the efforts of developing countries for disarmament and explores the challenges that the international community is facing to conclude an international agreement on PAROS. The paper also makes several suggestions for promoting the peaceful exploration and use of outer space.

Effects of dietary Acremonium terricola culture supplementation on the quality, conventional characteristics, and flavor substances of Hortobágy goose meat

Yawen Guo,Jinyuan Chen,Shuyu Liu,Yali Zhu,Pengfei Gao,Kaizhou Xie 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.5

This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with Acremonium terricolaculture (ATC) on the quality, conventional characteristics, and flavor substances of Hortobágygoose meat. A total of 720 one-day-old goslings were divided into four dietary treatments, eachconsisting of six cages of 30 goslings. The dietary conditions consisted of the control group andthree treatment groups supplemented with 3, 5, or 7 g/kg ATC. In male geese, supplementationwith 3 g/kg ATC elevated the crude ash (CA) content of the thigh muscle compared to the controlgroup, and the CA content of the pectoralis major was significantly elevated when geesewere supplemented with 5 g/kg ATC (p < 0.05). In females, compared with the control group,supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC enhanced the crude protein (CP) content of the pectoralismajor. Supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC also increased the crude fat (CF) content of the pectoralismajor in females as well as in both sexes; moreover, this supplementation dose increasedthe inosinic acid content of the thigh muscle in males and in both sexes. In contrast, supplementationwith 5 g/kg ATC decreased the pH of the thigh muscle at 12 h postmortem (p < 0.01). No significant changes in meat color, water loss rate, shear force, moisture content or aminoacid (AA) levels were observed after ATC supplementation (p > 0.05). Levels of saturated fattyacids (SFAs) and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in the pectoralis major and levels of SFAs,monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and PUFAs in the thigh muscle were not affected by the supplementation. Overall, ATC supplementation had positive effects on the pH, and CA, CP, CF,inosinic acid contents as well as on the FA composition of gosling meat. The optimal level ofATC supplementation was 7 g/kg in goslings from 1 to 70 days of age.

On-line Temperature Monitoring of the GIS Contacts Based on Infrared Sensing Technology

Qingmin Li,Haoxi Cong,Jinyuan Xing,Bo Qi,Chengrong Li 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.4

Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is widely used in the power systems, however, the contacts overheating of the inside circuit breaker or disconnector may be a potential cause of developing accidents. As the temperature of the contacts cannot be directly acquired due to existence of the metallic shield, an infrared sensor is adopted to directly measure the temperature of the shield and then the contacts temperature can be indirectly obtained by data fitting, based on which the on-line temperature monitoring technology specifically for GIS contacts based on infrared sensing is proposed in this paper. A real GIS test platform is constructed and experimental studies are carried out to account for the influential factors that affect the accuracy of the infrared temperature measurement. A heat transfer model of the GIS module is also developed, together with experimental studies, the nonlinear temperature relationship among the contacts, the metallic shield and the environment based on a neural network algorithm is established. Finally, an integrated on-line temperature monitoring system for the GIS contacts is developed for on-site applications.

Research on Optimizing Economic Structure Problem of Supply Side Structural Reform

Liu Bin,Liu Jinyuan 한중경제문화학회 2019 한중경제문화연구 Vol.13 No.-

Histidine Kinase Two-Component Response Regulator Proteins Regulate Reproductive Development, Virulence, and Stress Responses of the Fungal Cereal Pathogens Cochliobolus heterostrophus and Gibberella zeae

Oide, Shinichi,Liu, Jinyuan,Yun, Sung-Hwan,Wu, Dongliang,Michev, Alex,Choi, May Yee,Horwitz, Benjamin A.,Turgeon, B. Gillian American Society for Microbiology 2010 EUKARYOTIC CELL Vol.9 No.12

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Histidine kinase (HK) phosphorelay signaling is a major mechanism by which fungi sense their environment. The maize pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus has 21 HK genes, 4 candidate response regulator (RR) genes (<I>SSK1</I>, <I>SKN7</I>, <I>RIM15</I>, <I>REC1</I>), and 1 gene (<I>HPT1</I>) encoding a histidine phosphotransfer domain protein. Because most HKs are expected to signal through RRs, these were chosen for deletion. Except for pigment and slight growth alterations for <I>rim15</I> mutants, no measurable altered phenotypes were detected in <I>rim15</I> or <I>rec1</I> mutants. Ssk1p is required for virulence and affects fertility and proper timing of sexual development of heterothallic C. heterostrophus. Pseudothecia from crosses involving <I>ssk1</I> mutants ooze masses of single ascospores, and tetrads cannot be found. Wild-type pseudothecia do not ooze. Ssk1p represses asexual spore proliferation during the sexual phase, and lack of it dampens asexual spore proliferation during vegetative growth, compared to that of the wild type. <I>ssk1</I> mutants are heavily pigmented. Mutants lacking Skn7p do not display any of the above phenotypes; however, both <I>ssk1</I> and <I>skn7</I> mutants are hypersensitive to oxidative and osmotic stresses and <I>ssk1 skn7</I> mutants are more exaggerated in their spore-type balance phenotype and more sensitive to stress than single mutants. <I>ssk1</I> mutant phenotypes largely overlap <I>hog1</I> mutant phenotypes, and in both types of mutant, the Hog1 target gene, <I>MST1</I>, is not induced. <I>ssk1</I> and <I>hog1</I> mutants were examined in the homothallic cereal pathogen Gibberella zeae, and pathogenic and reproductive phases of development regulated by Ssk1 and Hog1 were found to mirror, but also vary from, those of C. heterostrophus.</P>

Research on Problems of the Loss of Distributed Power Grid Switch and Heat Dissipation

Rui Guo,Liaoyi Ning,Jinyuan Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.9

At present, the technology of the distributed power grid gradually become mature. The focus of the study is from controlling power quality to reducing the loss of power grid, improving the network efficiency and reducing the cost. In the link of distributed generation grid connected power generation, the loss of the switching device is an important factor affecting the efficiency of grid connection. This paper puts forward a systematic solution to this problem. Firstly, as for topology structure of grid connected controller, aiming at the research on NPC, a traditional topology which is energy-saving and low loss, we present an improved NPC topology with a more continuous flow state. At the same time for this topology, the corresponding control strategies are designed in this paper. It makes the switching device of the grid connected controller have more freedom of switch and make the system can achieve the precise control of the switch tube ,which can achieve the balance of system device lose heat so as to solve the problem of local high temperature from inverter. The system is verified by grid connected test, the power adjustable PWM strategy can be used to achieve different working states without affecting the output current of the system. Through the comparison between light and heat sensors finds that the topology and control strategy proposed in this paper are successfully completed by the new hardware topology and control strategy to achieve the loss balance of the system switching devices.

Comparisons of gear dynamic responses with rectangular mesh stiffness and its approximate form

Chen Siyu,Tang Jinyuan,Hu Zehua 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9

The mesh stiffness is close to rectangular stiffness, and the first harmonic approximate term of rectangular stiffness is generally adoptedin the nonlinear gear dynamic analysis. The differences between the rectangular stiffness and its approximate form are analyzed indetail. The frequency response and dynamic factor are calculated by a numerical method, to illustrate the dynamic characteristics of thegear nonlinear system with different mesh stiffness forms. The results show that: The trends of frequency response of gear dynamic systemwith rectangular stiffness and its approximate form are identical. The jump phenomena are detected in both cases. Without the effectof static transmission error, the dynamic factor with rectangular mesh stiffness is larger than that with approximate mesh stiffness. Underdesign power and speed condition, the result with approximate mesh stiffness function may deduce reasonless suggestions for a designer. The static transmission error will enlarge the vibration amplitude and dynamic factor when the approximate mesh stiffness is adopted, butthe effects on the response of gear system with rectangular mesh stiffness are fractional. The mesh stiffness may excite the odd subharmonicresonance, and the static transmission error may excite the even sub-harmonic resonance respectively.