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Ji, Young Su,Chung, Sung Jae,Ok, Myoung-Ryul,Hong, Kyung Tae,Suh, Jin-Yoo,Byeon, Jai Won,Yoon, Jin-Kook,Lee, Kyung Hwan,Lee, Kyung Sub Elsevier 2007 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.449 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The crystallization behavior of Cu<SUB>43</SUB>Zr<SUB>43</SUB>Al<SUB>7</SUB>Ag<SUB>7</SUB> (numbers indicate at.%) bulk metallic glass was investigated using the isothermal electrical resistivity measurements at 450°C in the supercooled liquid region. The crystallization process is a single step phase transformation. To analyze the electrical resistivity reduction, microstructure evolutions were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. The Avrami parameter of the electrical resistivity reduction step was 1.73, indicating that the crystallization process is a diffusion-controlled growth of intermetallic compounds with decreasing nucleation rate.</P>
Yoo, Joonsang,Yang, Jae Hoon,Choi, Byoung Wook,Kim, Young Dae,Nam, Hyo Suk,Choi, Hye-Yeon,Cho, Hyun-Ji,Lee, Hye Sun,Cha, Myoung-Jin,Choi, Donghoon,Nam, Chung Mo,Jang, Yangsoo,Lee, Dong Hyun,Kim, Jinkw S. Karger AG 2012 Cerebrovascular diseases Vol.33 No.3
<P>Abstract</P><P><I>Background:</I> Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease. Many ischemic stroke patients may have concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD). Detection and treatment of preclinical CAD in stroke patients may improve long-term outcome and survival because CAD is a major cause of death during follow-up in stroke patients. However, association between coronary and cerebral artery atherosclerosis in stroke patients has not fully been investigated. This study aimed at examining the frequency and high-risk groups of CAD in ischemic stroke patients. <I>Methods:</I> Consecutive patients who were admitted due to acute ischemic stroke between July 2006 and June 2010 were prospectively enrolled in this study. A total of 1,304 patients who underwent MSCT coronary angiography and cerebral angiography were included in this study. By using 64-multislice computed tomography coronary angiography, we investigated the frequency of CAD and association between coronary and cerebral artery atherosclerosis in terms of location and burden (severity and extent) in stroke patients. We also sought to identify high-risk groups for CAD among stroke patients. <I>Results:</I> The frequency of significant (≥50%) CAD was 32.3% and the frequency of any degree of CAD was 70.1%. Diabetes mellitus, serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, and significant stenosis of the extracranial carotid, intracranial vertebral and basilar arteries were independently associated with CAD. However, no association was found between CAD and significant stenosis of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries. The association between CAD and cerebral atherosclerosis was stronger with increased severity and extent of cerebral atherosclerosis. When compared to patients with <2 risk factors and without significant cerebral atherosclerosis, those with multiple (≥2) risk factors and atherosclerosis in both the carotid and the vertebrobasilar arteries had very high risks of CAD [odds ratio (OR) 8.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.15–16.87]. The risk was also high in patients with multiple risk factors and atherosclerosis in either the carotid or the vertebrobasilar artery (OR 4.13; 95% CI 2.62–6.51), and in those with <2 risk factors but atherosclerosis in both the carotid and the vertebrobasilar arteries (OR 3.40; 95% CI 1.22–9.47). <I>Conclusions:</I> A substantial portion of stroke patients had preclinical CAD, and there was a clear relationship between coronary and cerebral artery atherosclerosis in terms of location and burden. The risk of CAD was particularly high in stroke patients with multiple risk factors and atherosclerosis of the carotid and/or vertebrobasilar arteries.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Yoo, Jae-Min,Park, Young W.,Yoon, Sun Young,Son, Ji Yoon,Jeong, Seok Geun,Park, Beom-Young,Kim, Jae Wha,Nam, Myoung Soo American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.63 No.50
<P>α-Lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin are two major whey proteins that specifically bind immunoglobulin E and are suspected as major allergens causing cow’s milk allergy (CMA). Recent studies have shown that thymic stromal lymphopoietin is a critical factor linking at the interface of the body and environment to the T-helper 2 response. However, it is not known whether thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression is changed by α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in immune cells. Using RT-PCR and ELISA, the present study was conducted to examine if intravenous injection of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, T-helper 2 cytokines, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in several immune cells, including macrophages, mast cells, and keratinocytes. Results showed that α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression. It was concluded that the allergenicity of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin may be attributed to thymic stromal lymphopoietin induction, T-helper 2 cytokines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2015/jafcau.2015.63.issue-50/acs.jafc.5b04790/production/images/medium/jf-2015-04790n_0007.gif'></P>
Park, Ji Sun,Lee, Ju Min,Hwang, Sun Kak,Lee, Sun Hwa,Lee, Hyun-Jung,Lee, Bo Ram,Park, Hyung Il,Kim, Ji-Seon,Yoo, Seunghyup,Song, Myoung Hoon,Kim, Sang Ouk The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.25
<P>Metal oxide charge transport layers are widely used to promote the interfacial charge transport of organic optoelectronics. Nevertheless, frequently used wide-bandgap metal oxides with low electrical conductivities reveal inherent limitations in the charge transport enhancement. We present the remarkable electro-conductivity enhancement of solution processable ZnO charge transport layers upon dispersing a tiny amount (less than 0.1 wt%) of chemically doped CNTs and the corresponding device performance improvement of light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Using various undoped or doped CNTs, whose work function was systematically tuned by substitutional doping of electron deficient B or electron rich N,N-doped CNT (N-CNT), the composite showed a lowered work function matching well with the conduction band of ZnO. Consequently, the ZnO/N-CNT nanocomposite transport layer with 0.08 wt% N-CNT showed a five-fold enhancement of electron mobility, while maintaining the intrinsic bandgap energy levels, optical transparency and solution processability of pure ZnO. The inverted OLEDs employing ZnO/N-CNT nanocomposite electron transport layers could facilitate well-balanced electron–hole injection and, thus, more than two-fold enhancement of maximum luminance (from 21 000 cd m<SUP>−2</SUP> at 14.6 V to 46 100 cd m<SUP>−2</SUP> at 14.0 V) and efficiency (from 6.9 cd A<SUP>−1</SUP> at 13.4 V to 14.3 cd A<SUP>−1</SUP> at 13.6 V). This highly effective charge mobility enhancement enabled by work function tunable, chemically doped CNTs would be beneficial for various organic and inorganic charge transport materials with different energy levels.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The ZnO/N-doped CNT nanocomposite electron transport layer enabled balanced electron and hole injection and improved device performance in inverted organic light-emitting diodes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm30710c'> </P>