Comparison of normal saline solution with low-chloride solutions in renal transplants: a meta-analysis

( Abdullah Jahangir ),( Syeda Sahra ),( Muhammad Rafay Khan Niazi ),( Fasih Sami Siddiqui ),( Muhammad Yasir Anwar ),( Ahmad Jahangir ),( Elie J. El-charabaty ) 대한신장학회 2021 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.40 No.3

Background: Normal saline solution (NSS) has been the fluid of choice for renal transplant patients, but it can lead to hyperchloremic acidosis and hyperkalemia. This study was performed to compare the safety profile of low-chloride solutions with that of NSS in renal transplant patients. Methods: We conducted a systemic review search on PubMed, Embase, and the Central Cochrane Registry. Randomized clinical tri-als (RCTs) and matched cohort studies involving NSS as the control arm and low-chloride solutions as an intervention arm were cho-sen. The standardized mean difference for continuous variables, the odds ratio (OR) for discrete variables, and a 95% confidence in-terval (CI) for effect sizes were used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analysis was performed using a ran-dom-effects model irrespective of heterogeneity, which was evaluated using I² statistics. Results: Nine RCTs and one cohort study with a total of 726 patients were included. After transplantation, serum potassium was sig-nificantly lower in the low-chloride group (standardized mean difference compared to NSS group, -0.38 mEq/L; 95% CI, -0.66 to -0.11; p = 0.007). Similarly, postoperative chloride was lower in the low-chloride group (-2.41 mEq/L [-3.34 to -1.48], p < 0.001). No statistically significance was observed in delayed graft function (OR, 0.98 [0.56-1.69], p = 0.93), day 3 creatinine (-0.14 mg/dL [-0.46 to 0.18], p = 0.38), or day 7 urine output (-0.08 L [-0.29 to 0.12], p = 0.43). onclusion: Use of NSS during renal transplant leads to increased incidence of hyperchloremic acidosis with subsequent hyperkale-mia, but clinical significance in the form of delayed graft function or postoperative creatinine remains comparable to that of low-chlo-ride solutions.

Uncertainty reduction of seismic fragility of intake tower using Bayesian Inference and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation

Jahangir Alam,김두기,최병한 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.1

The fundamental goal of this study is to minimize the uncertainty of the median fragility curve and to assess the structural vulnerability under earthquake excitation. Bayesian Inference with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation has been presented for efficient collapse response assessment of the independent intake water tower. The intake tower is significantly used as a diversion type of the hydropower station for maintaining power plant, reservoir and spillway tunnel. Therefore, the seismic fragility assessment of the intake tower is a pivotal component for estimating total system risk of the reservoir. In this investigation, an asymmetrical independent slender reinforced concrete structure is considered. The Bayesian Inference method provides the flexibility to integrate the prior information of collapse response data with the numerical analysis results. The preliminary information of risk data can be obtained from various sources like experiments, existing studies, and simplified linear dynamic analysis or nonlinear static analysis. The conventional lognormal model is used for plotting the fragility curve using the data from time history simulation and nonlinear static pushover analysis respectively. The Bayesian Inference approach is applied for integrating the data from both analyses with the help of MCMC simulation. The method achieves meaningful improvement of uncertainty associated with the fragility curve, and provides significant statistical and computational efficiency.

A Modular Stacked Transformer Structure for LLC Resonant Converters and Analysis of Current Sharing Behavior in Parallel PCB Windings

Jahangir Afsharian,Dewei (David) Xu,Ning Zhu,Bing Gong,Zhihua Yang 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

This paper proposes a modular stacked transformer structure for high-efficiency and high-power LLC resonant converters. Besides the benefits of shrunken footprint and shorten secondary current travelling path that were introduced by the vertically stacked structure, the specific feature of modularity design makes the transformer be simply applied to higher power ratings with high efficiency, high power density and easy fabrication. The design modularity for high power rating extension is demonstrated on a 380 V/12 V 2.4 kW LLC transformer with 4-stack winding PCBs and one core set. Current sharing behavior among all paralleled secondary windings of the proposed stacked structure and its modular design is discussed in terms of the magnetomotive force distribution. The effect of current sharing on winding losses is analyzed and verified using finite element analysis (FEA) simulation. Experimental results show that the LLC converter with the proposed 2.4 kW modular stacked transformer can achieve a peak efficiency of 98.05%.

Seroprevalence of Toxocara in Children from Urban and Rural Areas of Ilam Province, West Iran

Jahangir Abdi 질병관리본부 2018 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.9 No.3

Objectives: The present study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxocara in children ≤ 10 years old, from rural and urban areas of Ilam. Methods: Serum samples from 383 children ≤ 10 years old, were selected randomly from rural and urban areas of Ilam province and surveyed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The total rate of infection with Toxocara was 22% (31% with a history of contact with dogs and cats, and 14% without a history of contact). Of those infected, 23% were male and 18% were female, 36% lived a rural life and 20% had an urban life. A significant correlation was found between the incidence of disease, and urban and rural life, as well as exposure to dogs and cats. There was no correlation between prevalence and gender or age. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of infection with Toxocara amongst children in Ilam province, preventive work in the community such as education in risk management and periodic treatment with anti-parasitic drugs and elimination of stray dogs and cats is an appropriate measure.

Photo-thermo-elastic interaction in a semiconductor material with two relaxation times by a focused laser beam

Jahangir, A.,Tanvir, F.,Zenkour, A.M. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.7 No.1

The effect of relaxation times is studied on plane waves propagating through semiconductor half-space medium by using the eigen value approach. The bounding surface of the half-space is subjected to a heat flux with an exponentially decaying pulse and taken to be traction free. Solution of the field variables are obtained in the form of series for a general semiconductor medium. For numerical values, Silicon is considered as a semiconducting material. The results are represented graphically to assess the influences of the thermal relaxations times on the plasma, thermal, and elastic waves.

Seismic risk assessment of intake tower in Korea using updated fragility by Bayesian inference

Jahangir Alam,김두기,최봉한 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.69 No.3

This research aims to assess the tight seismic risk curve of the intake tower at Geumgwang reservoir by considering the recorded historical earthquake data in the Korean Peninsula. The seismic fragility, a significant part of risk assessment, is updated by using Bayesian inference to consider the uncertainties and computational efficiency. The reservoir is one of the largest reservoirs in Korea for the supply of agricultural water. The intake tower controls the release of water from the reservoir. The seismic risk assessment of the intake tower plays an important role in the risk management of the reservoir. Site-specific seismic hazard is computed based on the four different seismic source maps of Korea. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) method is used to estimate the annual exceedance rate of hazard for corresponding Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA). Hazard deaggregation is shown at two customary hazard levels. Multiple dynamic analyses and a nonlinear static pushover analysis are performed for deriving fragility parameters. Thereafter, Bayesian inference with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is used to update the fragility parameters by integrating the results of the analyses. This study proves to reduce the uncertainties associated with fragility and risk curve, and to increase significant statistical and computational efficiency. The range of seismic risk curve of the intake tower is extracted for the reservoir site by considering four different source models and updated fragility function, which can be effectively used for the risk management and mitigation of reservoir.

Effects of Tannery Wastes on the Fattening of Growing Cattle, Carcass, and Meat Quality

Jahangir Alam,남기창,이상석,Mufazzal Hossain,Anwarul Haque Beg 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of tannery waste protein concentrate (TWPC) on fattening of cattle and the carcass and meat quality, with the aim of replacing the costly commercial protein concentrate (Jasoprot) with a more economical and effective alternative. Twelve young cattle (six male and six female) were fed during the study period on a control diet (T1) with 10% Jasoprot and on two test diets: 5% TWPC + 5% Jasoprot (T2) and 10% TWPC (T3). The test diets significantly affected (p<0.05) live weight gain and profitability compared to the control diet, perhaps due to the increased protein and essential amino acid content, relative to Jasoprot. TWPC was free of aflatoxin. Sensory-evaluated organoleptic scores did not differ among the groups. Chemical composition was normal as other beef and was non toxic especially within recommended chromium level (1.90±0.6 μg). Total lipid contents were higher (p<0.05) in T3, and moisture, ash and crude protein contents were almost similar (p>0.05) among the three groups. It is concluded that TWPC or an equal mixture of TWPC and Jasoprot may be an economic and efficient alternative protein source to Jasoprot in the cattle industry, which minimizes adverse effects on carcass and sensory meat quality.

The Effect of Arginine Intake on Colorectal Cancer: a Systematic Review of Literatures

( Jahangir Karimian ),( Amir Hadi ),( Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi ),( Marzieh Kafeshani ) 한국임상영양학회 2019 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.8 No.3

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major reasons of mortality in the worldwide. There is clear evidence that some amino acids such as arginine can improve CRC and its complications. Hence, in this systematic review we evaluated the association between arginine intake and CRC improvement. We searched the PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar databases by using proper keywords to find the relevant literatures, published to March 2019. Nine human studies of 523 screened articles were included in present systematic review. The majority of studies have found a positive association between consumption of arginine and CRC improvement. Increased inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase expression and subsequently increasing the NO concentration in the tumor and/or serum, after arginine intake may be responsible for these protective effects. Also, arginine consumption may reduce cell proliferation in CRC and it can enhance immune function after remove the tumor. Although the benefits of arginine consumption in CRC patients were reported in previous trials, the finding need replication in well-designed studies before final conclusion.

THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS OF MULTICOPY MULTICHANNEL SLOTTED ALOHA IN RAYLEIGH-FADING CHANNELS

Jahangir H. Sarker 대한전자공학회 1996 대한전자공학회 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-

Specific location of encapsulated quorum quenching bacteria for biofouling control in an external submerged membrane bioreactor

Jahangir, Daniyal,Oh, Hyun-Suk,Kim, Sang-Ryoung,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Lee, Chung-Hak,Lee, Jung-Kee Elsevier 2012 Journal of membrane science Vol.411 No.-

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Microbial-vessel inhibited substantially membrane biofouling in MBR. ► Quorum quenching was more pronounced with microbial-vessel in membrane tank. ► Quorum quenching was largely dependent on mixed liquor recirculation rate. ► The microbial-vessel maintained its activity over 100days of the MBR operation.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A number of recent studies have demonstrated that quorum sensing (QS) using signal molecules, <I>N</I>-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL), plays a role in the formation of biofilm on the surface of membranes in a membrane bioreactor (MBR). In this study, the membrane biofouling in an external submerged MBR was inhibited by interrupting AHL-mediated QS with quorum quenching bacteria encapsulated inside the porous vessel (microbial-vessel). The quorum quenching effect of the microbial-vessel was more pronounced when the microbial-vessel was positioned nearer to the filtration membrane in MBR, i.e., in the membrane tank rather than in the bioreactor. Its quorum quenching effect was also largely dependent on the recirculation rate of the mixed liquor between the bioreactor and the membrane tank. The microbial-vessel maintained its quorum quenching activity steadily over 100days of the MBR operation due to continuous regeneration of living quorum quenching bacteria inside the microbial-vessel. This strategy effectively interrupted cell-to-cell communications (quorum sensing), and thereby exhibited energy saving potential by reducing the aeration rate in MBR.</P>