Layer-by-Layer Doping of Few-Layer Graphene Film

Gü,neş,, Fethullah,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Biswas, Chandan,Han, Gang Hee,Kim, Eun Sung,Chae, Seung Jin,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Young Hee American Chemical Society 2010 ACS NANO Vol.4 No.8

<P>We propose a new method of layer-by-layer (LbL) doping of thin graphene films. Large area monolayer graphene was synthesized on Cu foil by using the chemical vapor deposition method. Each layer was transferred on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate followed by a salt-solution casting, where the whole process was repeated several times to get LbL-doped thin layers. With this method, sheet resistance was significantly decreased up to ∼80% with little sacrifice in transmittance. Unlike samples fabricated by topmost layer doping, our sample shows better environmental stability due to the presence of dominant neutral Au atoms on the surface which was confirmed by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sheet resistance of the LbL-doped four-layer graphene (11 × 11 cm<SUP>2</SUP>) was 54 Ω/sq at 85% transmittance, which meets the technical target for industrial applications.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2010/ancac3.2010.4.issue-8/nn1008808/production/images/medium/nn-2010-008808_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn1008808'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

A Study on Introduction to Private Investigation System and Direction Through Predicting Demand

Sung Gu Jo,Dong Jae Choi,Jeong hwan Park,Byeong Tae Kim 위기관리 이론과 실천 2014 Crisisonomy Vol.10 No.12

In Korea, private investigation business had been called as Heungsineop but it changed to messenger center from 1970s. Foreign private investigation agencies have started to run business as crisis management agency, consulting agency after Korea joined OECD in 1996. foreign private investigation agencies are still growing illegally by using similar names to private investigation business and today, these are covered doing illegal acting like shadowing, phone-tapping, even contract through media sources. Today, according to statistical data by the National Police Agency late 2012, messenger agencies are around 1574 in domestic and 939 of those are in the metropolitan area. Illegal types are uncovered as investigating personal life 27(68%), personal information offering 7(18%), location tracing 5(12%), illegal claim collection 1(2%) plus, clients for these company are uncovered as housewife 196(34%), company employee 152(27%), independent businessman 78(14%), profession 35(6%). Correctly present situation and dispersion of domestic private investigation businesses like security company because private investigation system has not been enacted in domestic, until now. Thus, this study try to analyze demand of private investigation for a proposal in legislation process which is pending in 19th assembly like Yun Jae-Ok's 「All Amendments Private Security Act」 and Song Young-Geun's 「Private Invstigation Act」 so we expect to that private investigation system is introduced to Korea as soon as possible.

아시아 12개국의 응급의학 실태에 대한 연구 조사

정제명,왕순주,안무업,박재형,유기철,박준석,강재구,제프리 아놀드 대한응급의학회 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Background : To assess the current level of development of emergency medicine (EM) systems in Asia. Method : Survey of EM professionals from 12 Asian countries during a 90-day period from August to November 1998. 12 EM professionals from 12 Asian countries completed the survey. All participants were physicians. 7 participants (58%) gave presentations at an international EM conference during the study period. Respondents completed a 103 question questionnaire about the status of EM specialty, academic, patient care, information and management systems and the factors influencing the future of EM in their countries. Results : 92% of respondents stated that their countries have hospital-based emergency departments (ED). More than 80% of respondents reported that their countries have EMS systems and ED systems for trauma care and patient transfer. More than 70% stated that their countries have national EM organizations, EM research, national EMS activation phone numbers, ED systems for pediatric emergency care, emergency physician (EP) training in ACLS and ATLS and peer review. More than 60% reported official recognition of EM as an independent specialty status, ED triage systems and systems for customer service. More than 50% reported EM residency training programs, EM journals and EP ability to perform rapid sequence intubation (RSI). 50% reported EP ability to perform thrombolysis for acute MI and 33% reported EP ultrasonography. 92% felt that a lack of funding posed a moderate or great obstacle to the future development of EM in their countries. Conclusions : Many essential systems of EM now exist throughout Asia. In the systems of administration and emergency medical information in many countries, there are some parts to be developed further.

히스토아크릴을 이용한 십이지장 궤양 출혈의 지혈 후 발생한 급성췌장염

유재훈,문원,노지훈,구동영,조영화,김기수,윤준모 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.1

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common and potentially life threatening medical emergency. Emergency endoscopy is the first choice of diagnostic and treatment measure for patients with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Histoacryl should be considered a second-line treatment modality when conventional treatments were failed. However, it might cause several complications. Herein, we report a case of acute pancreatitis developed after histoacryl injection therapy for active duodenal ulcer bleeding. A 71-year-old man was admitted with melena and hematemesis. On emergency endoscopy, a 2 cm sized active ulcer with bleeding from an exposedvessel was seen at the duodenal bulb. Attempts to arrest the bleeding with hemoclipping and submucosal epinephrine injection were tried, but failed. We changed the method to endoscopic histoacryl injection, and obtained hemostasis immediately. A few hourslater, after successful hemostasis, patient complained diffuse abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic heterogenous diffuse pancreatic enlargement and right pararenal space fluid collection, this ultrasonographic findings and elevated serum pancreatic enzymes are compatible with acute pancreatitis.

여성의 피부관리실태와 관련요인

구재희,남철현,최연희,배향선,신옥순,양숙희,이명옥 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 2002 保健福祉硏究 Vol.7 No.-

This study was conducted to analyze aspects of women's skin care and related factors in order to contribute to community residents's right skin care. The subjects of this study was 800 women who were 15 to 65 years old. Data were collected in Daegu City and Kyungsan City from June 21, 2002 to August 18, 2002. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. According to socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, 26.8% of them were in twenties. 50.9% of them was students at colleges or graduated from collges. 38.3% was students and 37.5% was housewives. 55.5% belonged to the middle economic class. 2. 47.9% of the respondents replied that they were in good health. 57.2% of them had fair skin, while 25.1% had dark skin. According to health condition of face skin, 61.5% was in regular condition, while 26.0% was in bad condition. 29.9% had drying face skin and 21.3% had neutral or complex character of face skin. 3. Among the reasons they had trouble with face skin, the proportion of having the rough skin was highest (25.0%). 16.6% replied that they had trouble with a lot of wrinkles and 16.3% replied that they had trouble with dark face skin. 25.4% responded that their face skin was too tight. 13.3% replied that they had trouble with scars. 4. The factors significantly influencing the experience of skin care were age, education level, residence, experience of side effect of cosmetics, experience of skin diseases on face or body, experience of trouble after receiving skin care, and experience of trouble with acne. From above results, it can be concluded that selection of proper skin care rooms is important in receiving desirable skin care and preventing side effect related to skin care. The women also must be cautious in selecting and using cosmetics and massage pack. The government, related organizations, and skin and beauty specialists must make efforts to develop education programs for healthy skin care.

유공 경량 H형강보의 거동에 관한 연구

金熙球,鄭在吉 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1998 産業技術 Vol.8 No.-

To out openings in the web of H. Beam can provide for the passage of service ducts and result in material savings. This study is to investigate the ultimate load capacity of light H. Beams with multiple circular openings on the web. The result of this study shows that an adjacent opening at the spacing of 1.5 times the reduos dose noe reduce the strength significantly for various ratios of shear to moment, when the diameter of the opening is less than 70% of the beam depth.

간접 복합레진 합착 시 자가부식형과 자가접착형 레진시멘트의 상아질에 대한 미세인장 결합강도

박재구,조영곤,김일신 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 간접 복합레진 수복물을 1종의 자가부식형 레진시멘트와 3종의 자가접착형 레진시멘트를 이용하여 상아질에 합착하였을 때 각 레진시멘트의 미세인장 결합강도와 결합계면의 차이를 평가하기 위하여 시행하였다. 발거된 상.하악 대구치 교합면 측 상아질에 Tescera 복합레진 블록을 레진시멘트(PA 군: Panavia F 2.0, RE 군: RelyX Unicem Clicker, MA 군: Maxem, BI 군: BisCem)를 이용하여 합착하였다. 증류수에 24시간 동안 보관한 후, 합착된 면의 단면적이 1.0 × 1.0 mm인 막대모양의 시편을 제작하여 각 시편에 분당 0.5 mm의 crosshead speed로 인장하중을 가하였다. 각 군의 미세인장 결합강도는 one-way ANOVA와 Tukey의 HSD 방법을 이용하여 비교하였다. FE-SEM 하에서 모든 파절편의 상아질 쪽 파절양상과 레진시멘트-상아질 및 레진시멘트-복합레진의 계면을 관찰하였다. 본 연구의 결과 간접 복합레진 블록을 레진시멘트로 상아질에 합착할 때 PA 군과 RE 군은 MA 군과 BI 군보다 높은 결합강도와 긴밀한 접착 및 레진테그가 관찰되었고, 복합레진과 레진시멘트 간에는 간극이 관찰되었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS), failure modes and bonding interfaces of self-etching and three self-adhesive resin cements to dentin and indirect composite resin. Cylindrical composite blocks (Tescera, Bisco Inc.) were luted with resin cements (PA: Panavia F 2.0, Kuraray Medical Inc., RE: RelyX Unicem Clicker, 3M ESPE., MA: Maxem, Kerr Co., BI: BisCem, Bisco Inc.) on the prepared occlusal dentin surfaces of 20 extracted molars. After storage in distilled water for 24h, 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm composite-dentin beams were prepared. μTBS was tested at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. Dentin sides of all fractured specimens and interfaces of resin cements-dentin or resin cements-composite were examined at FESEM(Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope). In conclusion, PA and RE showed higher bond strength and closer adaptation than MA and BI when indirect composite blocks were luted to dentin using a self-etching and three self-adhesive resin cements.

지속성 외래 복막투석환자에서 발생한 장간막경색증 1예

강동구,이준상,윤재호,장원철,조영일,송종호,전혜정 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.13 No.-

The mesenteric infarction, as a abdominal disease which show acute abdominal pain and almost need to emergency operation, has very high mortality. This mesenteric infarction has been reported very rarely. Also specific clinical manifestations are not clear, therefore initial diagnosis can be missed easily so that patients usually miss their opportunities for adequate treatment. Especially CAPD patients have high mortality because of their rareness and having similar symptoms like CAPD peritonitis. The authors report that the mesenteric infarction was miss-diagnosed to the CAF'D peritonitis with unspecific symptoms.

인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병환자에서 씨-그린� 과립이 혈당 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향

조정구,김재백 圓光大學校 藥品硏究所 1989 藥品硏究所報 Vol.4 No.1

The study was carried out assess the clinical efficacy of SEA-GREEN?? granule administered with 6 packs daily for 12 weeks, in 30 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. the results obtained were as follows; 1. Mean blood glucose levels were significantly reduced at fasting state in the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12md week of SEA-GREEN?? granule administration. 2. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced at the 8th weeks of SEA-GREEN?? granule administration. 3. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly increased at the 12th weeks of SEA-GREEN?? granule administration.

黃蓮解毒湯의 製劑化 및 品質管理에 관한 硏究

양재헌,박현구,김영일 우석대학교 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

A traditional prescription, Hwangryean-haedog-tang(HRHT) was composed of Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus(1.5:1.5:3.2) and it has been used in the treatment of hypertension. insomnia, mental disorder, medicinal poisoning, crapulence. The precipitation was formed during the preparation of decoction of HRHT. This precipitatiion was very slightly soluble in water. Because this precipitated reaction decrease the effect of a gerbal medicine, the content of berberine and baicalin was determined in the precipitated product and supernatant. Berberine which active ingredient of Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex was identified and determined by HPLC using u-Bondapak C_18 column with acetonitrile:pH 5.2 phosphate buffer(60:40v/v). Baicalin which active ingredient of Scutellariae Radix was identified and determined by HPLC using u-Bondapak C_18 column with 0.5% phosphoric acid:acetonitrile(73:27v/v). The content of erberine in the coprecipitated product and supernatant were 11.6% and 1.5% and the content of baicalin were 20.7% and 2.4% respectively. To ingibit the precipitated reaction of HRHT. Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex were mixed and extracted whth hot water, it were made into gastric-coated granule, Scutellariae Radix and Gardeniae Fructus mixed and extracted, it were made into enteric0coated granule.