Hegel 精神現象學에서의 學의 體系와 方法

朴仁聖 전주대학교 정책과학연구소 1986 정책과학논총 Vol.2 No.-

In Hegel, philosophical thinking that has not system, can not be a science. Hegel's system of science does not mean a collection of diverse Knowledge, but it means a systematic knowledge that all partial knowledge necessarly form a inner, progressive, organic relationship in the one unity-Already Kant, Fichte Schelling, etc., willed to construct a systematic knowledge, but those system is not in a inner, progressive, organic relationship, and so, those system can-not be a true organic unity of all partial knowledge. To construct a systematic knowledge, Hegel critisizes the organon, or the medium as a instrument in cognition, which divided existence and knowledge into two, and which was popular in those days. But to recognize The Absolute, Hegel lays claim-to monism in cognition that reconsiles existence with knowledge in one. Hegel insists to remove all preconception in nature of knowledge, and to reveal knowledge of Erscheinung. The very first knowledge is natural consciousness which rises from Erscheinung, and so , in Hegel's Phenomenology, natural consciousness makes progress from it to a true absolute knowledge. In its progress, we gradually understand that natural consciouness is not true knowledge, and this self-awakening is repeated over and over again, and so , in the end, we reach to the absolute knowledge. Therefore, Consciousness has various forms of knowledge, and these various forms of one in a inner, progressive, organic relationship, can be a systematic one Hegel's method to systematize knowledge is dialect ice, namely, Hegel's system relies on relationship with three moment of thinking movement. Three moment of thinking movement is following : Thinking of abstract understanding is not settled, unchangeable, ultimate, but this aufhebens itself continually, and in the end, this is altered to its opposition. On the contrary, thinking of positive reason comprises positively these two oppositions, these two contradiction, in itself to a higher dimension. Development of conscious in Hegel's phenomenology of Mind has relationship with these logical triple rhythm of thinking movement. Of course, self-awakening process of conscious- ness in Phenomenology of Mind is genuinly contemplative, descriptive, passive but we can find this triple framework in the result of phenomenological cognition's process throughout the Hegel's Phenomenology of Mind Wherever.

북극 스발바드 군도 스피츠베르겐섬 콩스피요르드에서의 다환 방향족 탄화수소화합물의 분포 특성

김기범,하성용,안인영,최희선 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.9

In order to elucidate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration and its origin in arctic area, four arctic brown algae (Laminaria saccharina, L. digita, Alaria esculenta, Desmarestia aculeata), one marine invertebrate (Echinoidea) and sediments were collected from Kongsfjorden in Spitsbergen from the late July to early August. 2003. In case of macroalgae, the young blade part above growth point and the old stipes and blades beneath growth point were separated and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an attempt to check the mechanism of uptake in macroalgae to accumulate PAN. There was no difference in PAH concentrations between sampling sites (Stations B and C), species. and blades beneath and above growth point. PAH concentrations in all samples collected in this study were relatively higher than those reported in other areas of arctic. Especially, station C, which is known as an unpolluted area, showed 10 times higher PAH concentration (8,765 ng/g) in sediment than station A (694 ng/g) around harbor. In addition high PAH concentration, station C had very higher proportion of methylated PAH to parent PAH in sediment than station A. Source analysis using PAH isomer pair ratios as indicators showed that Kongsfjorden area seemed to be relatively contaminated with PAH derived from direct petroleum input.

정신지체 특수학교 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태와 개선방향

조인수,도금숙,전보성 한국특수교육문제연구소 2001 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 정신지체 특수학교의 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태와 개선방향을 탐색하는데 주안점을 두었다. 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태는 16개 영역으로 조사하고 문제점과 개선방향은 10개 영역을 중심으로 세부적인 내용을 조사 분석하였다. 여기서 조사분석된 내용은 정신지체 직업 · 전환교육에 좋은 지침이 될 수 있을 것이며 타장애영역 학생들의 직업진로 및 전환교육에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. The aims of this study are finding out the reality of the operation of the majored subjects and problems and finding out the improved methods about them. And 1 surveyed special teachers who are attending 17 special schools in Korea in which have the majored subjects about the reality of operating them and improved methods about them. First, about surveying the reality of operation, as to the majored subjects, they are mainly teaching students in the form of work training, guiding job, preparing job and daily Iiving skills through classes. The selection of majored subjects conceming jobs are made through school's direction and the cooperation among teachers, students and parents, and teaching jobs are now changed or will be changed because of the maladjustment to student' s aptitude, the assessment on their job aptitude is not being made now. There are many qualified teachers who have the certification in special school and they think that their roles as directors, guiders are important. The majoring students don’t have enough practicing places and factories. Even though they are received training about job in school, they get jobs unrelated with their received training. And they have verγ low employment as a whole. Though the transitional education program whose aims are selection in jobs, employment and enjoying jobs, it is started especially in the middle and high school courses. And it is thought that official and individualized education program is very important, also needed the cooperation among related authorities and it’s major program is used as the programs on job training. programs on job training. Next, as to the problems and improved methods, the problems about the majored subjects are the unrelatedness with job training and unreality and only one line of selection in job training. The problem about the transitional education program is the shortage in social skills, in the basement of job training and in carrγing out ability. The professional ability which is required in job guiding teacher is job training guide, many methods, the ability about assessing job aptitude, and testing their ability. The construction of the curriculum is not applying the guided curriculum rather than transforming the curriculum according to the atmosphere, and their school year should not be stuck to any one standard but be varied according to their ability and improvement. In the operation of majored subjects, it is necessarγ for them to provide real career education, the opportunity to receive various job training and the supported employments in which they can be included in their society actively.

Celay/In-Ceram, Conventional In-Ceram, Empress 2 전부도재관의 변연적합도에 관한 비교 연구

양재호,여인성,이선형,한중석,이재봉,Yang, Jae-Ho,Yeo, In-Sung,Lee, Sun-Hyung,Han, Jung-Suk,Lee, Jai-Bong 대한치과보철학회 2002 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.40 No.2

There have been many studies about marginal discrepancy of single restorations made by various systems and materials. But many of statistical inferences are not definite because of sample size, measurement number, measuring instruments. etc. The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal adaptations of the anterior single restorations made by different systems and to consider more desirable statistical methods in analysing the marginal fit. The in vitro marginal discrepancies of three different all-ceramic crown systems (Celay In-Ceram. Conventional In-Ceram. IPS Empress 2 layering technique) and one control group (PFM) were evaluated and compared. The crowns were made from one extracted maxillary central incisor prepared with a 1mm shoulder margin and $6^{\circ}$ taper walls by milling machine. 10 crowns per each system were fabricated. Measurements or a crown were recorded at 50 points that were randomly selected for marginal gap evaluation. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed for the results. Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1 Mean gap dimensions and standard deviations at the marginal opening for the maxillary incisor crowns were $98.2{\pm}40.6{\mu}m$ for PFM, $83.5{\pm}18.7{\mu}m$ for Celay In-Ceram, $104.9{\pm}44.1{\mu}m$ for conventional In-Ceram, and $45.5{\pm}11.5{\mu}m$ for IPS Empress 2 layering technique. The IPS Empress 2 system showed the smallest marginal gap (P<0.05). The marginal openings of the other three groups were not significantly different (P<0.05). 2 The marginal discrepancies found in this study were all within clinically acceptable standards ($100\sim150{\mu}m$). 3. When the variable is so controlled that the system may be the only one, mean value is interpreted to be the marginal discrepancy of a restoration which is made by each system and standard deviation is to be technique-sensitivity of each one. 4. From the standard deviations. the copy-milling technique (Celay/In-Ceram) was not considered to be technique-sensitive in comparison with other methods. 5. Parametric analysis is more reliable than non-parametric one in interpretation of the mean and standard deviation. The sample size of each group has to be more than 30 to use parametric statistics. The level of clinically acceptable marginal fit has not been established. Further studies are needed.

In-line 마그네트론 스퍼터 장치를 사용하여 산소 분위기에서 제작한 Ag 박막의 특성

구대영,김원목,조상무,황만수,이인규,정병기,이택성,이경석,조성훈,Ku, Dae-Young,Kim, Won-Mok,Cho, Sang-Moo,Hwang, Man-Soo,Lee, In-Kyu,Cheong, Byung-Ki,Lee, Taek-Sung,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Cho, Sung-Hun 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.8

A study was made to examine the electrical, compositional, structural and morphological properties of Ag thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering in $O_2$ atmosphere with deposition temperature from room temperature to 15$0^{\circ}C$ using in-line sputter system. The Ag films deposited at temperature above $100^{\circ}C$ in oxygen atmosphere gave a similar specific resistivity to and even lower oxygen content than those deposited using pure Ar sputter gas The Ag films deposited with pure Ar gas was mainly composed of crystallites with [111] preferred orientation, while, for those deposited in oxygen atmosphere, more than 50% of the volume was composed of crystallites with [100] orientation. The difference in the micro structure did not cause any difference in the specific resistivity of Ag films. The results showed that the transparent conducting oxide films and the Ag films could be processed sequentially in the same deposition chamber with careful control of deposition temperature, which might result in a cost reduction for constructing the large scale in-line deposition system.

<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of a novel polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent by nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film deposition

Park, Dae Sung,Bae, In-Ho,Jeong, Myung Ho,Lim, Kyung Seob,Sim, Doo Sun,Hong, Young Joon,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Jun-Kyu,Lim, Han Chul,Kim, Han Byul Elsevier 2018 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and thrombosis are linked to the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of this study was to develop a polymer-free everolimus (EVL)-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and verify its efficacy by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assessment in a porcine coronary model. Various analytical approaches such as scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, electron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and contact angle measurement were employed for the characterization. As a part of biocompatibility assessment, platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were examined. Bare metal stent (BMS), N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> stent, everolimus-eluting N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL) stent, and commercialized EVL-eluting stent (EES) were randomly placed in forty coronary arteries in twenty pigs. After four weeks of implantation, the stents were subjected to histological and quantitative analysis. The N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film used in this study was well coated without any cracks or peeling. Surface hydrophilicity (88.8% of angle decrement) could be associated with the decrease in surface roughness post N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition (37.0%). The platelet adhesion on the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces was less than that on the BMS surface. The proliferation of SMC was suppressed in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group (30.2%) but not in the BMS group. In the animal study, the percent area restenosis was significantly decreased in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group compared to that in the BMS group. The results (BMS; 47.0 ± 11.00%, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL; 31.7 ± 10.50%, and EES; 29.1 ± 11.21%, <I>n</I> = 10, <I>p</I> < 0.05) were almost at par with those of the commercialized EVL-eluting stent. The introduction of N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition during fabrication of polymer-free DES may be an efficient accessorial process for preventing in-stent restenosis and thrombosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces can help to reduce the platelet adhesion. </LI> <LI> In porcine model, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> everolimus decreased in-stent restenosis and fibrin deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>

In-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI admitted during off hours

( Sung-Soo Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Young Keun Ahn ),( Jong Hyun Kim ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( In Whan Seong ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Dong-hoon Choi 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Conflicting results exist on the outcome of off hours PCI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of off hours PCI in STEMI. So, we studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI during regular hours (weekdays 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM) versus off hours Weekdays 6:01 PM to 8:59 AM, weekends, and holidays) in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. We analyzed in hospital and one year mortality among 5,665 consecutive ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI between November 2005 to January 2008. Total 2,848 (50.2%) patients were treated during off hours. Baseline finding were similar, although regular hours patients were older. Median symptom to balloon time (304 min, IQR 175 to 750 vs. 270 min, IQR 145 to 551, p=0.001) were longer for regular hours primary PCI. Median door to balloon time (71min, IQR: 48 to 132 vs. 59 min, IQR 39 to 110 min, p=0.001) were longer for off hours pPCI. Also, Cardiac enzyme such as Max CK-MB (212.1±299.3 vs 194.7±303.4, p=0.031) and max TnI (72.6±239.5 vs. 58.9±94.4, p=0.013) were increased in off hours pPCI. However, unadjusted in hospital (6.0% off hours vs. 6.0% regular hours, p=0.946) and one year cardiac mortality (11.3% off hours vs. 11.7% regular hours, p=0.661) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, off hours primary PCI did not predict an adverse outcome. In conclusion, when primary PCI was performed within an appropriate reperfusion strategy, the clinical effectiveness of either off hours or regular hours pPCI is comparable.

農科大學의 國際化 對應에 관한 硏究 : The Case of the Seoul National University College of Agriculture 서울大學校 農科大學과의 聯關에서

金性洙,王仁權 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1990 서울대농학연구지 Vol.15 No.1

The general objective of the study was to explore an expanded 'fourth' function of 'International Agricultural Development Activities' of Korean agricultural colleges, Seoul National University College of Agriculture (SNUCA), in particular. In order to attain the general objective, some detailed objectives were formulated: (a) to systematically understand the basic concept of and need for the expanded new function; (b) to make an overview of highly selected foreign agricultural colleges' international agricultural activities with special reference to those in the United States, the firstcomer developed country in the field; and (c) to make a projection on the function to be planned and implemented by the SUNCA. The significance or meaning of the study may be very briefly summarized. First, the Korean national development has been such that Korea has become the most typical firstcomer developing country or newly-industrializing country or economy. Consequently, Korea's most leading SNUCA in higher agricultural learning institutions has been greatly and well developed. Second, being the most typical and forwarding 'more-developed' developing country with tremendous industrialization in such a shorter span of time since the early part of the 1960s, Korea has been expected and sought by so many latecomer developing countries, that is, 'less-developed' developing countries the world over as an appropriate origin for their national development technology, the agricultural and rural development technology, in particular, for their rather immediate utilization, which are mostly agriculture-based so badly lagged. Third, Korea's markedly enhanced status in the international community needs to strengthen her international involvements in terms of development cooperation for the latecomer developing countries the more, for the international development activities, namely, 'International Agricultural Development Activities,' to be planned and implemented for the very unfortunate countries, which would prove of national benefit, too. And finally, fourth, the traditional international donors, for example, the United States, have become weakened, and in this highly internationalization era, Korea as one of the newly-emerging country has to assume the leadership as an international donor, in this case, in the field of agricultural development, to be genuinely internationalized herself. The study had a couple of no small limitations or difficulties: (a) since this study was the first of its kind conducted in Korea, reference information could hardly be found locally, (b) in getting relevant information from arbitrarily selected agricultural colleges in other countries which could be considered far more experienced in the field, only two or three cases could be evaluated satisfactory though almost all (16 out of 17) responded to the information-seeking letters-cum-questionnaires sent. Especially, Dr. Jiryis Oweis of the Board for International Food and Agricultural Development (BIFAD), Department of State of the United States, was very much helpful and Dr. E. W. Coward, Jr., Director, International Agriculture and Professor of Rural Sociology and Asian Studies, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, has forwarded the most comprehensive and relevant information. and (c) taking into consideration the fact that this study is of an exploratory nature, contents or the scope of the study was intentionally made limited. From a review of some foreign agricultural colleges' international agricultural activities with special reference to those of the United States, the following were found. (A) Universities or agricultural colleges' authodox and/or fundamental functions of teaching, research and public services have to be supplemented by a fourth function of 'International Agricultural Development Activities' in more developed countries, especially with a view to helping develop so many latecomer developing countries the world over. (B) The new function is not the kind of an one-way, one-direction flow one from more developed countries' agricultural colleges to those in less developed developing countries. The field experiences are fed back to the donor colleges so that they are integrated into the already operating three functions very much to give international perspectives and trainings to students and public or private parties interested in this intensified era of internationalization or globalization. (C) Universities themselves, government authorities concerned, private firms and organizations interested, and major foundations should have recognition, commitments and actual supports for the endeavour. In other words, agricultural colleges must do what they should do and relevant external agencies and organizations must do what they should consider as necessary. (D) the traditional 'Exchange Program' is only part of the International Agricultural Development Function which is far more comprehensive when well developed though the student and faculty exchange program may be considered the core of the international function, being the traditional nucleus of the 'Internationalization of Universities or Agricultural Colleges' in an era of internationalization for human being's symbiotic existence. And (E) the international agricultural development activities have to adopt an interdisciplinary approach among relevant disciplines. In particular, it must be imperative for any development projects to have social scientists formally participated in. In other words, agricultural or rural social sciences, such as agricultural economics, rural sociology, and agricultural and extension education must be represented in any development cooperation teams. Some of the more imortant findings and projections worked out from this study which, among others, aimed at exploring the international agricultural development function for the Seoul National University College of Agriculture of Korea, may be: A) It would be confidently pointed out that faculties of the SNUCA were very much enthusiastic and willing to take up the fourth function of international activities for which basic capacity or qualifications are almost same with or equal to those in other foreign agricultural colleges of significant attention. (B) The Korean government authorities have just initiated to extend development cooperation to latecomer developing countries in the field of, agricultural development, which fact implies, among others, the government authorities concerned should pay their serious attention to the agricultural colleges' role in the framework of the official development cooperation programs. Unfortunately, in the past, the SNUCA and other agricultural colleges used to be given little or no attention at all by the government authorities concerned, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, for example;. the SNUCA is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education in Korea. (C) The SNUCA must do what it. should do within its reach and management: creation of an institutional set-up such as an office of international agricultural development programs; encouraging to set up international courses, preferably of interdisciplinary character when considered pertinent; encouraging to infuse international flavour and perspectives Into existing courses as much as possible; increasing the number of cooperating agricultural colleges primarily in latecomer developing countries, accepting more students from them, together with faculties, who should be accommodated in a dormitory provided; establishing the missing disciplinary departmental set-up for 'Rural Sociology,' etc. (D) In line with the SNUCA's projects, the University headquarters and the Ministry of Education and other ministries concerned should provide the faculties with financial resources so that they could conduct research studies and teaching in cooperation with cooperating agricultural colleges in the very recipient countries. As far as the agricultural industry is concerned, this would enable to make up what Korea badly lacks in the so-called 'Area Studies.' (E) Major private foundations presently found locally, numbering five or so which have interests in promoting academic progress, should turn their attention to the SNUCA's international agricultural development activities for the very unfortunate lagged countries, most of which, naturally are agriculture-based with much to do for improvement, as historically the United States' cases have demonstrated. As a sort of the conclusion of the study, a proposition-like statement may be advanced: the international development function of the Seoul National University College of Agriculture should be integrated into the existing three traditional ones not only for the development of the SNUCA but also for the national interests and needs in this ever-increasing internationalization era as the most important measure to cope with the international developmental challenges.

만성육아 종성염증에서의 T-cell 그리고 B-cell의 분포에 관한 연구

장인성,양승하,강상균 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

Tuberculosis, leprosy, foreign body reaction, parasite, and fungal infection are chronic granulomatous inflammation forming granuloma within lesion. There are much studies for the mechanism of cell mediated immume reaction in tuberculosis and leprosy, but the study using immune peroxidase stain in paraffin embedded tissue is rare. This study was carried out to observe the distribution of T cell and B cell in chronic granulomatious inflammation, such as tuberculosis 21 cases, leprosy 9 cases, cysticercosis 7 cases, and foreign body reaction 8 cases. Fourthy five cases of above diseases obtained by excisional biposy were processed for immune enzyme histologic stain by Avidin-Biotin complex method using MT1 and MB2. The results obtained are following as : 1. Tuberculosis showed positive reaction of MT1 in all within and outer granuloma among 21 cases, and MB2 in 2 cases and 14 cases respectively. 2. In 9 cases of leprosy lepromatous type showed positive reaction of MT1 in all 5 cases and MB2 in each 2 cases within and outer granuloma, tuberculoid and borderline types showed posittive reaction of MT1 and MB2 in all 2 cases respectively. 3. Positive reaction of MT1 in 7 cases of cysticercosis, revealed 6 cases within granuloma and all cases outer one, MB2 in 5 cases and 6 cases respectively. 4. Positive reaction of MT1 in 8 cases of foreign body reaction disclose 5 cases within granuloma and 7 cases outer one, and MB2 in 3 cases and 4 cases respectively. The above results showed T cell is related to main immune protective mechanism in granulomatous inflammation, and B cell reveal only weak reaction.

비소세포폐암에서 Microsatellite Instability

전효성,김정란,손지웅,박선하,박태인,김창호,김인산,정태훈,박재용 경북대학교 병원 2001 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

연구베경:MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의해 야기되는 뮤전적 불안정성은 발암기전의 한 부류로 인정되고 있다.저자들은 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에서의 MSI의 역할을 규명하기 위해 비소세포폐암에서 MSI의 빈도 및 MSI 유무에 따른 임상상의 차이를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법:근치적 절제술을 받은 비소세포폐암 20예를 대상으로 하였다.동결된 폐암조직과 환자의 림프구에서 DNA를 추출한 후 3P와 9p의 15개의 marker들을 대상으로 PCR을 시행하고 7% polyacrylamide gel에서 전기영동한 후 silver 염색을 시행하였다. 암조직과 림프구 DNA의 PCR product의 band를 비교하여 MSI와 LOH를 판정하였다. 결과:1)대상환자들은 남자 19예,여자 1예였으며 모두 흡연자였고 평균 흠연력은 47 갑년이었다. 폐암의 조직형은 편평상피암 15예, 선암 4예,대세포암 1예였고, 술 후 병리학적 병기는 Ⅰ기 6예,Ⅱ기 5예, ⅢA기 7예,ⅢB기 2예였다. 2)20예 가운데 8예(40%)에서 MSI가 관찰되었으며 3예는 한 개의 marker에서,5예는 2개 이상의 marker에서 MSI가 관찰되었다. 3)LOH는 10예(50%)에서 있었으며,LOH유무에 따른 병가 및 흡연력의 차이가 없었다. 4)분석한 marker의 10% 이상에서 MSI가 관찰된 MSI-L종양은 5예였으며, 대부분의 marker에서 MSI양성인 MSI-H종양은 없었다.MSS종양과 MSI-L종양은 흡연력, 병기, 폐암 조직형 및 LOH 빈도의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론:비소세포폐암에서 MSI는 비교적 흔히 관찰되지만 MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의한 MMP pathway 는 비소세포폐암의 주요 발생기전은 아닐 것으로 생각된다.향 후 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에 있어서 MMP pathway의 역할을 규명하기 위해서는 보다 많은 예를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, MSI 발생기전에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Microsatellite instability(MSI) is frequently used as an indicator of microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors.MSI has been observed in a percentage of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However, its role in tumorigenesis of NSCLC remains unknown.The frequency and partten of MSI in NSCLC were evaluted and clinical parameters of MSI-positive tumors with those of MSS(microsatellite stable) tumors were compared. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgically resected NSCLCs were analyzed for 15 microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p and 9p.The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients were used as the source of the normal DNA. Results:1) of 20 cases, 8(40%) demonstrated MSI. 2) Instability was observed more frequently in tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats that in dinucleotide repeats. In all cases, instability appeared as a shift of individual allelic bands. 3) LOH was observed in 10(50%) of 20 tumors analyzed. 4) Of 20 cases, MSI-H tumor(showing MSI in the majority of markers) was absent. There were 5 MSI-L tumors( showing MSI in a greater than 10% of markers). 5) No significant difference was observed between MSI-L tumors and MSI negative tumors in terms of clinicopathologic features such as pack-year history of smoking, histologic subtype, and (delete) stage of disease.There was also no significant difference in the incidence of LOH in relation to the status of MSI. Conclusion: These data strongly suggest that MSI plays different roles in lung and colon cancer.MMP pathway appears to be far less important in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC, caused mainly by cigarette smoke, with little familial tendency.(tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2000,48:24-32)