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( Sang Im Lee ),( Santhosh Kumar ),( Nagayya Sriraman ),( Srinivasan Shanmugam ),( Rengarajan Baskaran ),( Chul Soon Yong ),( Sang Kwon Yoon ),( Han Gon Choi ),( Bong Kyu Yoo ) 한국응용약물학회 2011 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.19 No.2
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of charge carrier lipid on the skin penetration, retention, and hair growth of topically applied finasteride-containing liposomes. Finasteride-containing liposomes were prepared by traditional thin film hydration method using Phospholipon(R) 85 G and cholesterol with or without charge carrier lipid (1,2 dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate or 1,2-dioleoyl-trimethylammonium-propane for anionic and cationic charge, respectively). Freshly prepared finasteride-containing liposome suspension was applied on the hairless mouse skin, and skin penetration and retention were measured using Keshary-Chien diffusion cell. Non-liposomal formulation (ethanol 10% solution containing 0.5 mg/ml of FNS) was also used as a control. The amount of finasteride in the diffusion cell and mouse skin was measured by HPLC. The hair growth was evaluated using depilated male C57BL/6N mice. Mean particle size of all finasteride-containing liposomes was less than a micron, and polydispersity index revealed size homogeneity. Skin penetration and retention studies showed that significantly less amount of finasteride was penetrated when applied as anionic liposome while more amount of the drug was retained. Specifically, in liposome prepared with 10% anionic charge carrier lipid, penetration was 12.99 μg/cm2 while retention was 79.23 μg/cm2 after 24 h of application. In hair growth study, finasteride-containing anionic liposomes showed moderate efficacy, but the efficacy was not found when applied as cationic liposomes. In conclusion, topical application of finasteride using anionic liposome formulation appears to be useful option for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia to avoid systemic side effects of the drug.
Im, Ha-Ni,Jeon, Sang-Yun,Choi, Moon-Bong,Singh, Bhupendra,Song, Sun-Ju The Electrochemical Society 2013 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.160 No.9
<P>Oxygen nonstoichiometry (δ) and transport properties of Y<SUB>0.08</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.92</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.1</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.9</SUB>O<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (YSFT01) were assessed for the understanding of charge compensation mechanism, and electronic and transport behavior of co-doped SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> systems having transition metal acceptor-cation, which are being considered as potential anode materials in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Oxygen nonstoichiometry of YSFT01 was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as a function of oxygen partial pressure ([Formula]) and temperature. The δ isotherms indicated that the valence of the variable-valence acceptor cation Fe changed from Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> to Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> with decreasing [Formula]. Total conductivity of YSFT01 showed a δ-dependent trend and in p-type region when Fe existed as Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>, total conductivity decreased with decreasing [Formula], but in n-type region when Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> started reducing to Fe<SUP>2+</SUP>, total conductivity increased with decreasing [Formula]. The chemical diffusivity ([Formula]) and surface exchange coefficient (<I>k</I>) of oxygen were calculated from the DC conductivity relaxation measurement and at 1000°C they were 8.1 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> cm<SUP>−2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> and 3.3 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> cm s<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. Oxygen-ion conductivity was calculated as a function of [Formula] from the chemical diffusivity and nonstoichiometry results, and it increased with increasing temperature; it was nearly constant in higher [Formula] regime but in low [Formula] regime it increased with decreasing [Formula].</P>
( Sang Hyeok Im ),( Dong Hwan Kim ),( Young Hoon La ),( Nam Jin Kim ),( Cha Won Hwang ),( Jae Min Cha ),( Bong Ki Ryu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2010 재료마당 Vol.23 No.3
This study looks at crystallization and sintering behavior in B2O3 containing Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass powder. The sintered sample was produced with glass powders measuring 44 μm. The relative density and transmittance of the sintered samples showed the highest value at the temperature of 650°C. At temperatures higher than 650°C, crystal growth occurred to decrease the densification of B2O3-Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (BLAS) glass powder. The main crystalline phase in the glass powder was a-spodumene. From non-isothermal differential thermal analysis, the crystallization of particles (Φ=44 μm) was observed at 640°C to 684°C with respect to the heating rate. The activation energy of crystallization (E(C)) and the Avrami constant (n) calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa equations indicated that the surface and the bulk crystallization occurred simultaneously in the glass. The optimum sintering temperature of this glass powder was 650°C without crystal growth of β-spodumene, although nucleation or nano-crystal growth occurred.
Sang Wook Jeong,Jaihyunk Ryu,Seung Bin Im,Soon-Jae Kwon,Joon-Woo Ahn,Jin-Baek Kim,Sang Hoon Kim,Hee-Bong Lee,Si-Yong Kang 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
This study was carried out to determine the amount of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose in six kenaf cultivars during different harvesting stages. Three mutant cultivars (Jangdae, Jeokbong and Baekma), two original cultivars (Jinju, C14), and one Chinese cultivar (Auxu) were planted on May 14, 2013. Four harvesting times were made at intervals of 20 days from 15 July to 16 September, 2013. The overall growth characters of mutant cultivar ‘Jeokbong’ such as plant height, stem diameter, flowering time, and dry mass were similar with those of the original variety. The mutant cultivar ‘Baekma’ occurred 10-day late flowering in comparison with the original variety and also displayed higher dry mass than the original variety. Jinju, Auxu and Jangdae, mid-late maturing kenaf cultivars, had high dry weight compared to early maturing cultivars such as Jeokbong, Baekma and C14. In all cultivars, the lignin contents were increased by a late harvest. The Mid-late maturing kenaf cultivars showed high lignin content in comparison with those of the early maturity cultivars. There were no significant differences of cellulose, and hemicellulose content between the cultivars, however cellulose content in stems of these kenaf cultivars were significantly decreased by a late harvest. These results may provide valuable information to assist the parental selection of kenaf breeding.