N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine에 의한 생쥐 골수유래 가지세포의 기능적 활성화 저해

정영주(Young-joo Jeong),맹형건(Hyung Gun Maeng),김민규(Min Kyu Kim),강재승(Jae Seung Kang),이왕재(Wang Jae Lee),황영일(Young-il Hwang) 대한해부학회 2008 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.41 No.2

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)은 thiol기를 포함하는 화합물로서, glutathione (GSH)의 전구체로 작용하여 포유류 세포 내에서 항산화제로 작용한다. 또한 항염기능이 있으며 호산구나 B세포, 가지세포 (dendritic cell, DC)와 같은 면역세포 들에 여러 가지 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 가지세포에 작용하여 활성화를 억제하거나 가지세포에 의한 Th2 반응 유도에 관여한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 이들 연구는 세부적인 사항에 있어서 그 결과가 서로 상치하는바가 많으며, 또한 조절T세포의 관점에서는 연구된 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 NAC 처리가 가지세포 활성화에 미치는 영향을 재확인하였고, NAC 처리된 가지세포의 T세포 활성 능력 저하, 또는 Th2 반응 유도 여부를 알아보았다. 활성화 시 가지세포에서 증가하는 활성산소기 (reactive oxygen species)는 NAC 처리로 낮아져서, NAC이 가지세포에 항산화작용을 나타냄을 확인하였다. NAC 처리로 가지세포에서 보조자극인자인 CD40과 CD86의 발현이 저해되었으며, 활성화 시 정상적으로 낮아지는 포식기능은 처리된 NAC의 농도에 비례하게 보존되었다. 활성화 시 분비되는 IL-6, IL-10, IL-12는 모두 감소하였다. 이러한 NAC-DC와 함께 배양한 T세포의 증식이나 Th1 cytokine인 IFN-γ, Th2 cytokine인 IL-5의 분비가 모두 저하되어 Th1/Th2의 편중 없이 가지세포의 T세포 자극능력이 전반적으로 감소하였음을 나타내었다. 또한 T세포 배양액에서 IL-10과 TGF-β의 농도 역시 NAC-DC로 자극된 경우에 현저히 줄어서, NAC-DC에 의한 T세포 증식 감소 등은 조절T세포 유도에 의한 것이 아니라 T세포 무반응이 유도된 때문임을 나타내 주었다. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is a thiol-containing compound and acts as a precursor for glutathione (GSH). It behaves as an antioxidant in mammalian cells and also exerts anti-inflammatory effects. NAC is also known to affect several immune cells including eosinophils, B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DC) in many aspects. Even though it has been reported that NAC inhibits DC activation and shifts the immune response to Th2, these studies exhibit some contradictory results in detail and do not give any information with respect to the induction of regulatory T cells. In this study, we re-analyzed the effects of NAC on DC during their activation. We also evaluated whether it induced T cell anergy, Th1/Th2 shift, or regulatory T cells. NAC suppressed the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species during DC activation. In parallel, it down-regulated surface expression of CD40 and CD86, suppressed the decrease of phagocytic function, lowered the secretion of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12. All these effects showed dose-dependency. Thus, it seems likely that NAC inhibited DC activation with regard to their phenotype and cytokine secretion. When we evaluated the T cell-stimulating capacity of these NAC-DC, T cell proliferation and secretion of both Th1 (IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokine (IL-5) were decreased. This implies that the T cell-stimulating activity of NAC-DC decreased without any shift to Th1 or Th2 cytokine (IL-5). The secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β in the supernatants were also decreased, which suggests that the decrease of T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion is due to the induction of T cell anergy, rather than regulatory T cells.

퇴행성 관절염에서 Interleukin-6와 Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor

장재석 ( Jae Suk Chang ),정용갑 ( Yong Gab Jeong ),조우신 ( Woo Shin Cho ),빈성일 ( Seong Il Bin ),엄규황 ( Kyu Hwang Ym ),김정화 ( Jung Hwa Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2000 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.7 No.3

Objective: Unlike other soluble receptors, the soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) cooperates with IL-6 to activate gp130 of effector cell. As the IL-6 and sIL-6R are important in the rheumatoid disease, this study was designed to measure concentration of IL-6 and sIL-6R in synovium and synovial fluid of the degenerative arthritis. Methods: The synovium and synovial fluid were obtained during total knee replacement arthroplasty. The synovium was taken from eleven patients, and synovial fluid taken from sixteen patients. Same patients between two groups were seven. Tissue cultures of the synovial tissues were done with 10% FBS for 72 hours. After irrigation, thery were incubated for 48 hours without FBS, and the culture media and the synovial fluid were collected after centrifuged at 2500rpm for 10 minutes. The level of IL-6 and sIL-6R were measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Results: In the synovium, the IL-6 level was 5.1±0.12ng/ml, and the sIL-6R level was 0.41±0.25ng/ml. In the synovial fluid, the IL-6 level was 0.09± 0.15ng/ml, and the sIL-6R level was 10.37±3.28ng/ml. These results show that IL-6 concentration was measured highly in two groups, especially in synovium (sixty times), and the sIL-6R concentration was measured significantly high in synovial fluid (twenty-five times). Conclusion: The IL-6 and sIL-6R were elevated in degenerative arthrits. We confirmed the source of IL-6 was synovium (very high in synovial tissue culture media), but we need further study for the source of sIL-6R as it was remarkably elevated as IL-6 and its level was lower than serum.

인조대리석 위생기의 주형생산방법 개선을 통한 생산성 향상사례 연구 : 인조대리석의 욕조 및 세면기를 중심으로 Focusing on the Cultured Marble Washbasin & Bathtub

황규일,황규천,이재하 남서울대학교 경영연구센타 2002 경영연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study focus on the development of new molding ways of the cultured marble washbasin & bathtub to produce higher quality goods. On looking back upon the past 30 years in the market of the washbasin & bathtub, our product quality level was below the standard and the production facility was largely imported goods. And the inferior quality leads to the unsatisfaction of customer. But the leading companies are have been concentrated their effort on the productivity and quality improvement. In this study, we introduced the success case of ‘BACHE’ which gained productivity improvement by developing the molding process.

여름철 사과원 군락의 주야간 온도환경

황규홍,윤진일 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1992 硏究論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Air, soil and leaf temperatures were simultaneously monitored at an apple orchard to delineate the time-dependent thermal characteristics of the canopy environment. Auxiliary measurements including net radiation, solar irradiance, wind, soil water potential and soil heat flux were also made at the experimental site during the study period(12-21 August, 1992). Result may be summarized as : 1. There were linear relationships between the net radiation (R_(N)) and the solar irradiance (R_(S)) over the apple orchard : R_(N)= -49.573 + 0.824R_(S) for clear days and R_(N) = -9.244 + 0.793R_(S) for cloudy days. 2. Direction of the soil heat flux was upward from the deep soil to the surface soil in most cases except for the daytime on sunny days. 3. The minimum daily temperature variation was found at 30cm subsurface soil and the maximum at 75 - 150 cm above the soil surface, which corresponded to the maximum leaf area position within the canopy. 4. The temperature profiles on sunny days showed a quasi-lapse condition above the middle of the canopy and an inversion below. Temperature was lowered with the elevation on cloudy days. 5. Daytime leaf temperature was higher than the air temperature and vice versa in the night. Exposed leaves showed higher temperature than shaded leaves by as much as 2.5℃ during daytime but the shaded leaves were slightly warmer than the exposed leaved in the night.

가토의 골수내 식염수 주입이 말초혈액 제변수에 미치는 영향

황주일,김세경,이원재,이기중,김병기,박규남,김인철 大韓應急醫學會 1992 대한응급의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Study Objective: To examine the effects of intraosseous saline infusion on hematologic parameters. Design and Setting: Eight New Zealand White rabbits were anesthized intramuscular ketamine injection, An initial blood sample was withdrawn from an earlobe artery under introduction of anesthesia. An 18-gauge intraosseous(10) needle was inserted into proximal tibia of rabbits, and 10 mL/kg of normal saline was infused over two minutes after the intraosseus needle insertion. Measurements: Complete blood counts were performed on the blood sampled. The light microscopic examination of the peripheral blood smear was perfomed by clinical pathologic staff. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in hematologic paramenters from samples drawn before and after intraosseous infusion. Conclusion: We advocate less caution in the interpretation of hematologic studies performed on blood samples obtained soon after an intraosseous infusion.

無人氣象觀測用 濕度센서 二種의 性能比較

황규홍,윤진일 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1994 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.-

무인기상관측용으로 국내에서 널리 사용되고 있는 두 종류의 대기습도 측정센서의 신뢰도를 파악하기 위해 조절환경과 야외포장조건에서 Assman 통풍건습계를 표준측기로 삼아 비교실험을 실시하였다. Humicap 에 의한 측정값은 조절환경에서 ±10% RH, 야외포장에서는 ±4% RH의 오차범위내에서 실제값에 근접한 반응을 보였다. PCRC-11은 대기습도의 변화가 급할 경우 반응속도가 현저히 떨어지며 야외포장조건에서도 대기습도가 높을 경우 오차가 커지는 경향이었다. Two humidity sensors, HMP35 and PCRC-11, supplied with automated weather stations were tested under controlled and natural conditions. Readings from HMP35 were in good agreement by the reference values obtained from Assman psychrometer. Maximum error range of ±10% RH under the controlled and ±4% RH under the natural conditions were observed. The PCRC-11 sensor showed a delayed response to an abrupt change in air humidity and the readings were inaccurate at higher RH range. Overall performance of PCRC-11 was unacceptable for monitoring the crop microclimate which is usually more humid than the free atmospheric conditions.

2자유도 제어기를 이용한 유도전동기 속도제어

황대규,오태석,김일환 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

This paper describes a design of an induction motor control system using a 2 degree-of-freedom PI controller to compensate the effects of disturbance without degrading tracking performance. On the basis of vector control principle, the control system is simulated by using the ACSL and implemented on a DSP system(TMS320C31). In designing the 2 DOF controller, we can tune the performance of either the tracking or disturbance rejection independently without affecting the other. With the experimental results, the 2 DOF controller has shown a better performance in command tracking and disturbance rejection than a conventional PI controller.

루프 분할과 종속함수를 이용한 다중첨자 중첩루프의 종속성 제거 기법

박상일,양황규,윤성대 東西大學校 2001 동서논문집 Vol.7 No.-

In this paper, we propose a new method to parallelize multidimensional subscript loop with non-uniform distance. A loop comprise most of the computation in a program and the most important source of parallelism. Multidimensional subscript within a loop difficult to determine for distance to be required loop dependence elimination. Therefore, we propose new methods that used dependency function to eliminate dependence.

한국어 연속음성의 실시간 주기검출에 관한 연구

박순규,최일홍,황준혁 진주여자전문대학 2002 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

In this thesis, the method for period detection of korean continuous speech recognition, detecting the voice section out of input signal and classification of the voice section by voiced and unvoiced, after period detection in classified voiced. Strong at noise, because of threshold energy stipulate in input signal, possible to detecting the voice section and classification voiced and unvoiced by zero crossing rate(ZCR) and short time energy(STE), period detecting possible as real-time approach by matlab.

장시간 불가피한 공복(fasting)후 인체의 내분비 변화 : 삼풍백화점 붕괴 사고후 구조된 3인의 증례 THREE CASES IN COLLAPSE OF SAMPOONG DEPARTMENT STORE

박규남,황주일,박조현,오동렬,이원재,오승택,김세경,김인철 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

The interactions between nutrition and the endocrine system are more intimate and complex that previously thought. Nutrition modulates secretion and activity of many hormones, as part of the stress adaptation process. Fasting, in particular, produces a number of important changes in the endocrine system, with teleological purpose of helping the body tolerate the lack of food ingestion. These changes are therefore beneficial and protective, although at times they may not appear to be that way. The endocrine changes of fasting mediate the metabolic response. We must emphasize that these changes are completely reversible when appropriate nutrition is established. These changes are as followes: 1) decreased insulin and increased glucagon levels, 2) decreased thyroid effect, 3) decreased sympathetic activity, 4) hypothalamic hypogonadism, 5) decreased growth, 6) altered glucocorticoid secretion and metabolism, 7) impaired mineralocorticoid response, 8) decreased ADH secretion and effect. We experienced three cases of involuntary prolonged fasting after collapse of Sampoong department store. They were released from collapsed field after 11(case Ⅰ), 13(case Ⅱ), 17days(case Ⅲ) respectively. In each case, the endocrine changes of plasma levels were as followes: decrease of cortisol in case Ⅰ, increase of GH in case Ⅱ, decrease of free T3, T3, cortisol and increase of reverse T3, insulin in case Ⅲ. Each one did not show the same endocrine changes of plasma levels. But we think these changes of fasting are beneficial in metabolic response of human.