衛生昆蟲에 대한 無公害農藥(昆蟲發育沮害劑)의 殺蟲機作 및 應用技術開發硏究

金正和,李炯來,李仁煥,李容揆,崔鐘錫 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

In recently, much pesticides were used for control of agricultural and medical insects. The result of using pesticides were social problem because of environmental pollutions with pesticides in urban and farm village. The environmental pollutions were very serious. This experiment was conducted to eluciated of reduce to environmental pollution bring about using pesticides (organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and insect growth regulators) for control of medical insects(house fly, Musca domestica L and mosquito, culex pipiens pallens copuillett) and carried out the method of pest control. And the result are summarized as follows. The Kyongbuk house fly strain treated with pyriproxyfen on third instar larvae were very high mortality and low emergence. When use it, at the same time, we can reduce degree of environ-mental pollution and house fly populations. Using of imidan was effective in Seoul and Chungnam house fly strains. In mosquito larvae, the efficacy of icon to chungbuk strain, propoxur to Chungnam and Chungbuk strain, imidan to Kyongbuk strain, fenthion to Chungnam strain were excellent. In result of spraying imidan and icon on adult mosquitoes, the efficacy of icon was excellent than imidan. In esterase electrophoresis, third instar larvae of Chungnam house fly strain fed on artificial diet mixed with pyriproxyfen LC50 were very high activity of -Est-αl in early stage(second day after third instar larvae fed on diet), and the activity of Est-αl was very strong in late stage(se-vents day after third instar larvae fed on diet). In Kyongbuk strain, -Est-αl and Est-αl were detected in early and late stage, and activities of and -Est-αl and Est-αl were detected almost equally in late stage. It was very characteristic in this experiment. Third instar larvae fed on diet mixed with pyriproxyfen LC95 were detected -Est-αl and Est-αl almost equally. It was believed moulting control in insects. In electrophoresis with head, thorax, abdomen of house fly adult, -Est-α2 -Est-αl, Est-αl, Est-α2, Est-α3 were detected in abdomen in susceptible strain and only -Est-αl, was net detected in thorax -Est-αl, was detected in head, thorax and abdomen of Chungbuk strain and -Est-αl was detected in head, -Est-α2 in thorax of same strain. Activities of chitinase in late instar larvae of house flies fed on artificial diet mixed with pyrip-roxyfen LC50 and LC95, in pyriproxyfen LC95, analysised low and high again with the lapse of time in Kyongbuk strain. This was believed that the activity of chitinase was became high just before emergence. The result of filter paper test with mosquitoes were very high index(265) of esterase activity in Chungnam strain among all mosquito strains. In this reason, we can suppose that used pyrip-roxyfen (IGR) in Chungnam area for control pest. In this reason, it was more reasonable made use of pyriproxyfen than other pesticide in Chungnam area.

In-line 마그네트론 스퍼터 장치를 사용하여 산소 분위기에서 제작한 Ag 박막의 특성

구대영,김원목,조상무,황만수,이인규,정병기,이택성,이경석,조성훈,Ku, Dae-Young,Kim, Won-Mok,Cho, Sang-Moo,Hwang, Man-Soo,Lee, In-Kyu,Cheong, Byung-Ki,Lee, Taek-Sung,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Cho, Sung-Hun 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.8

A study was made to examine the electrical, compositional, structural and morphological properties of Ag thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering in $O_2$ atmosphere with deposition temperature from room temperature to 15$0^{\circ}C$ using in-line sputter system. The Ag films deposited at temperature above $100^{\circ}C$ in oxygen atmosphere gave a similar specific resistivity to and even lower oxygen content than those deposited using pure Ar sputter gas The Ag films deposited with pure Ar gas was mainly composed of crystallites with [111] preferred orientation, while, for those deposited in oxygen atmosphere, more than 50% of the volume was composed of crystallites with [100] orientation. The difference in the micro structure did not cause any difference in the specific resistivity of Ag films. The results showed that the transparent conducting oxide films and the Ag films could be processed sequentially in the same deposition chamber with careful control of deposition temperature, which might result in a cost reduction for constructing the large scale in-line deposition system.

관상동맥 스텐트 시술 후의 재협착에 관한 연구

김윤철,이정우,김보영,강정아,임대승,이민수,김정희,성보영,최성준,성인환,전은석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

Coronary stent implacement is known as an effective treatment in the intimal dissection after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and the prevention of restenosis. However, In-stent restenosis still remains a major concern in clinical stenting. The stents were placed in 103 patients from July 1996 to March 1999 and performed follow-up coronary angiograms in 59(57.3%) patients. To identify the clinical, angiographic and procedurerelated variables 'which predict late restenosis within the stented artery, 59 patients(58.3±9.9, M:F= 41:18) were studied. The clinical characteristics of the patients were stable angina in 23(39.0%), unstable angina in 14(23.7%), acute myocardial infarction in 21(35.6%) and old myocardial infarction in 1(1.7%). Coronary stenting was performed in 1 patient(1.7%) for primary lesion, 50 patients(84.7%) for suboptimal results after PTCA, 6 patients(10.2%) for bail-out procedure, and 2 patients(3.4%) for restenotic lesions. All patients were treated with aspirin and ticlopidinc. The follow-up angiograms were obtained at 7±4 months. The overall in-stent restenosis rate was 27.1%. The coronary angiographic findings were 32 single vessel(54.2%), 19 two vessel(32.2%) and 8 three vessel disease(13.6%). The angiographic morphological characteristics were type A in 33(55.9%), type B in 14(23.7%), type C in 12(20. 3%) cases. Variables of 16 patients with restenosis were compared with those of 43 patients without restenosis. Previously known predictors for in-stent restenosis were multiple stenting, stenting for restenotic lesions, residual stenosis after stenting, stenting for total occlusion lesions, reference diameter, balloon to vessel ratio, acute gain and minimal luminal diameter after procedure, design and characteristics of stents, ostial lesion of aorta, high pressure method for stenting, lesion length, diabetes mellitus, size of artheroma, saphenous vein grafts, ulcerlating lesions and calcified lesions. In this study, Reference diameter before stenting(2.43±0.54mm vs. 2.88±0.65mm, p=0.016) and balloon-to-artery ratio(1.28±0.26 vs. 1.11±0.18, p=0.006) were predictors for in-stent restenosis. 1) The overall in-stent restenosis rate was 27.1%. 2) In the analysis of predictors for in-stent restenosis, there was no significant differences in clinical, angiographic factors between group with restenosis and without restenosis. But, Only reference diameter before stenting and balloon-toartery ratio were predictors of late in-stent restenosis. In conclusion, stenting is effective revascularisation method for selected patients with ischemic heart disease, and to minimize in-stent restenosis rate, stent implanting is achieved in a large vessel on the basis of an artery-to-stnet ration of 1:1, if possible.

한국인에서 혈소판 당단백 Ⅱb/Ⅲa 유전자 다형성과 관동맥 성형술 후 재 협착과의 관계

이민수,이정우,김보영,임대승,강정아,김정희,김윤철,성보영,최성준,성인환,전은석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.2

Platelet aggregation is the final pathway of acute coronary syndrome such as acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa is a membrane receptor for fibrinogen and yon Willebrand factor and it plays an important role in platelet aggregation and in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome. It is known that polymorphism of the gene that encoding platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa(PI^A1/A2) is strongly related to acute coronary syndrome in Caucasian, but not in Koreans. We investigated relationship between platelet glycoprotein llb/Illa gene polymorphism and restenosis of coronary artery after angioplasty in Koreans. Total 371 patients(M=251. F=120) were enrolled. Angioplasty group comprised 143 patients who underwent coronary angioplasty, and in the angioplasty group, restenosis group comprised with the 65 patients who had restenotic lesion over 50% of luminal diameter in follow-up coronary angiography. Normal group comprised 153 patients who had no significant angiographic lesion and variant angina group comprised 75 patients who were positive in ergonovine test. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral arterial blood. To determine the frequency of P1^A1/A2 genotype, polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was done and the product was restricted with Mspl. 3%. agarrose gel electrophoresis showed restriction fragment length polymorphism. Clinical profile and risk factor were also reviewed. Among all 371 patients of study group, genotype of only one patients in restenosis group if is proven to be PI^A1/A2 heterozygote. All patients of normal study group, no restenosis group, and the other patients in restenosis group have an PI^A1 homozygote genotype. In our study, platelet glycoprotein IIb/Illa polymorphism has no relationship with restenosis of the coronary artery after angioplasty in Koreans. But the genotypic frequency of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa gene polymorphism in Koreans is concordant with that of previous studies.

In-depth considerations for better polyelectrolytes as interfacial materials in polymer solar cells

Yeo, Jun-Seok,Kang, Minji,Jung, Yen-Sook,Kang, Rira,Lee, Seung-Hoon,Heo, Youn-Jung,Jin, Sung-Ho,Kim, Dong-Yu,Na, Seok-In Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.21 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We perform a comprehensive study to achieve better polyelectrolytes (PEs) as electron-transport layers (ETLs) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). Three well-known PEs – PFN, PEIE, and WPF – are chosen as model systems and investigated with variations in their backbone structures and the state of the amine functionalities on their side chains. Respectively optimized PSCs using the three PEs exhibit different cell-performances, mainly owing to the diode characteristics of built-in potential and recombination strength. To identify how such deviated device-performances correlate with the structural features of PEs, the modulated interfaces of ITO/PEs and PEs/active layer are studied in detail. It is found that conjugated backbones and larger counter-anions on side chains can promote the modulation of ITO work functions (WFs) and that a large amount of protonated amines on PEs is beneficial for junction properties with a subsequent active layer. Additionally, our results indicate that interfacial dipole and electrical doping between the PE and active layer, in addition to WF modulation of the ITO cathode, are important for device efficiency. Accordingly, with the aid of the molecular features of PEIE, PEIE-PSCs exhibit excellent device efficiency and stability compared with PFN- and WPF-PSCs. In the PTB7-th:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM system, a remarkable power-conversion efficiency of 9.97% is achieved with a single PEIE ETL.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chemical structure and performance of polyelectrolytes (PEs) in PSCs are correlated. </LI> <LI> Interfacial dipole and doping between PEs and active layer lead to efficient PSCs. </LI> <LI> PEIE-based PSCs have excellent device efficiency and high stability. </LI> <LI> Especially, in the PTB7-th system, encouraging efficiency of 9.97% is achieved. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

도암호의 수질과 어류군집 특성 연구

이상하,최재석,이광열,장영수,임인수,허우명,김재구,김범철 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

To investigate nutrient dynamics of the lake and fish community, both water and fish samples were collected at three different areas (dam site, upper inflowing and downstream of lake outfow) for one year from Sep.2004 to Aug.2005 During the experimental periods, mean concentration of chl, a in epilimnetic layer (0-5m) was 18.5mg^(-3) and transparency ranged from 0.3m to 2.4m, respectively. In nutrient, mean concentrations of TP and TN were 111 mgP m^(-3) and 4.4 mgN L^(-1), respectively. Based on the water quality standard suggested by U.S.EPA(*1976), the trophic state of Lake Doam was classified as eutrophic state. Total number of fish collected in Lake Doam was 9,600 indiveduals in 26 species of 6 family. Sixteen of Korean endemic soecies including H. mylodon, A. signifer, P. tenuicorpa occurred. O. mykiss as introduced fish was also found in Lake Doam. Dominant and subdominant species were P. herzi and Z. platypus that took about 34.6% and 22.5% of total fish composition, respectively. Six species including A. signifer. P. tenuicorpa. and R. kumgangensis were rare in Lake Doam. Pelagic typw of figh commonly occurred at upper regions, whereas benthic type was mainly domenated at downstream area. Therefore, pollution source inflowed from the upper regions did not seriously affect downstream area (Songcheon water system) due to the role of dam as pollutant barrier. In addition high appearance of Comat type of fish that si hybrid between gold fish (C.auratus) and C. auratus was found in the lake, It was unclear the reasons that high prorortion of mutant species apperared in the lake. Further more researches are required in this area.

21C 를 향한 낙농경영의 새로운 패러다임

이인호,김석은 公州大學校 資源科學硏究所 1998 資源科學硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The reconstruction and establishment of new paradigm for dairy farm management are important affairs in future of 21st century. Our managers working and occupying in dairy farming should gather wisdom and information for development of dairy farming system in order to adapt in next generation and construction in coming century. The basic paradigm established for new management and control in dairy farming fields was as follows; 1. The workers and managers working in parts of dairy farms should makemore enhancement of qualities than increment of quantities,and then they should be proud of their production of foodstuffs that supply those for all peoples. 2. Milk from dairy cow is complete and healthy food that contains plenty of nutrients, and then it is complex foodstuffs for keeping animal health. According, we shall inform the true values of foodstuffs for drinking milk. 3. Nobody is livig alone in the world. It is necessary that dairy farmers should overcome plenty of difficulties of raising and managing domestic animals for themselves. 4. There are many peoples in the world. we are having beautiful places where can transfer to next generation and our offspring. Farmers and managers should not destroy good environment from heaven altogether with natural earth. And a few farmers working near urban area should move urban district toward rural community in order to keep natural protection and preserve more clear environments. 5. We are living in the midst of information society. Dairy farmers should enhance and hoist capability on information for better life.

자성선숙어(protogynous fish)의 성전환

이영돈,고환봉,김형배,박인석,이정재 제주대학교 해양연구소 1993 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

Studies and reviews have been based on sex reversal diagnosis of histological change and body color change by sexual dimorphism on protogynous hermaphrodite fish, Labridae, Serranidae inhabited at the costal area of Chejudo. Korea Halichorens poecilopterus, Pleragoguw flagellifera and H. teruispinis were summer season, spawing species which mainly spawn in Jun and July, but Pseudolobrus japonicus was autumn season spawing species which mainly spawn in October and November, The standard length range of sex reversal were 13.0-15.0cm H. poecilopterus 9.5-15.0cm P. flagellifer, 11.5-16.0 cm P. japonicus and 10.0-13.0cm (total length) H. teraispinis respectively. Sex reversal mainly appeared before and after spawing season. H. Poecilogterus, H. terusispirus and P. japonicus were composed of monandry and diantry, but P.flagellifera was diandry. By sex reversal, the body colors of H. poecilopterus, P.flagellifera and P. japoricus change from pale red or yellow lines to brilliant green or dark yellow lines. The body colors of H. tenurisspirnis change slight, but containe lateral stripe pattern and blue spot in body center. In P. flagellifera, 1st, 2nd spine process of dosal fin were grown with body colour change. In sex reversal process, histological change of Labridae of inner gonad showed development of various interstitial cells and blood vessel by degeneration of oocyte. Thereafter, spermatogonia and spermatocyte begin to appear at the inner edge regions of the ovarian lamellae and then converted from ovary to functional testis. Epinephelus moara of 30.0~92.3cm in TL, E. Septemfasciatus of 23.4~38.7cm in TL were female with contained oocyte of perinucleolus stage. E akaara of 22.0~33.0cm in TL appeared individuals of ovotestis.

신원방우황청심원의 심혈관계에 관한 약효

조태순,이선미,김낙두,허인회,안형수,권광일,박석기,심상호,신대희,박대규 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1999 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Abstract-In order to investigate the phamacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (NSCH), effects of Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (SCH) and NSCH were compared using various experimental models. In rat aorta, NSCH and SCH made the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10^-6 M) regardless to endothelium containing or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presence of the inhibitors of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not aftect significantly the relaxing effects of NSCH and SCH, NSCH and SCH inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). NSCH and SCH decreased significantly heart rate. These, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of left ventricular developed pressure and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In guinea-pig papillary muscle, these had no effects on parameters of action potential such as action potential amplitude (APA). V_max and resting membrane potential (RMP) at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. Furthermore, these had a significant inhibitory effects on palpitation of the heart in normotensive rats and SHRs. These results suggest that NSCH and SCH have weak cardiovascular effects, and that there is no significant differences between cardiovascular effects of two preparations.

금속제 기구 및 용기포장의 유해물질에 관한 조사 연구 : 금속제 주방 기구에서 유해중금속 용출에 관한 연구 Study on Migration of Trace Elements from Metallic Kitchenwares

이광호,권기성,곽인신,전대훈,최병희,유승석,김성욱,이선희 식품의약품안전청 1998 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.2 No.-

구이웅즉불판, 스데"1크용 불판, 전골그릇. 솥, 프라이괜, 갬비, 주전자, 밥그릇 및 석쇠 둥 주방용 기구에 사웅되는 황동(3'3총)· 묵쇠 (17종), 알루미늄(10종), 청동(2종), 구리 (2종), 스테인레스(2종) 둥의 금속제에서 Pb, Cd, Ct Zn, Sn등 유괘 중금속의 용출과 기작에 대하여 연구하였다. 촹동을 대표금속으로 선정하여 용출 온도(30, 60, 80,95'c), PH(2.5, 4.3, 6.0, 7.0) 및 시간(30, 90, 180, 3:60븐)에 딱른 금속 용출량 조사에서 온도 및 P 변화체 딱른 시험결과, 95'C, pH 2.5인 조건에서 용출이 가장 많았던 반면, 용출 시간별 시험에서는 180분 이후까지 Pb가 용출된 후 편형 상태를 유지하였다. 위의 실험 결과로 미루어 현행 식품공전 시험법인 30분 조건에 대한 추후 재검토 연구가 필요하다고 잔단되며, 납이 용출되는 기작은 SEM을 통하띨 확인항 수 있었다. 황동의 경우, 재질줄의 Pb 항량곽용 출량과의 관계를 규명하기 위해 Pb 함략별 10종(0, 0.02, 0.09, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0-9, 1.7, 5.4, 9.2%)의 시껼를 제작하여 4% 초산, 95'C, 30분에서 시험한 결과, 용출규격인 중금속이 1.Oppm(납으로서) 이하가 되기 위해서는 재질중 허용 Pb 함량은 0.2% 이하가 되어야 했다. 시중에 운통중인 각 재질별 금속제 기구에서 용출되는 유해중금속의 실태를 파악한결과, 황동제의 경우 주로 주물제품의 구이용 불판(양식 스테이크용 포함)으로 20종중 17종인 식풍 공전의 기준 ·규격인 1.OPPm이상의 Pb가 검출되어 85%의 련적합율을 뽀였다. Pb 용출 함량별 분포를 보면 1~10ppin이 15%, 20~100ppmo1 30%, 100~200ppmo1 20%, foo~300ppmol 10%, 300~400ppmo1 5%, 400~500ppr1 이 5%로 10~100ppm 사이의 용출량을 나타내는 제품이 가장 많이 유통되는 것으로 확인 되었다. 그외 Cu7l 0.37~77.85ppm, Zinc가 2.88~221.Oeppm, Fe이 미량 용출되었으며 Cd는 검출되지 않았다. 무꼭는 요즘 구이용 불판으로 사용되고 있는 솥뚜껑r 스테이크용 불판, 솥, 전골냄티, 프라이팬 등을 대상 겋체로 하였다. Fe이 0.S2~5,058 ppin, Cu, Zn 및 Pb등이 미량 검출 되었으며 Sn, Cd은 용출되지 않아 기준 ·규격에 적합한 것으로 판단.되었다. 알루디늄제는 램비 및 주전짜를 대상 검체로 하였는데 Cu, Zn, Sn, 및 Pb 등이 식품공전의 기준 · 규격의 IPPU내로 미량 검출되엇으며 Cd은 검출되지 않아 역시 기준·규격에 적합하다는 걸론을 얻었다. The migration of trace elements, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Sn from metallie food-contactutensiles was investigated. All samples used in this work were grills, cooking pots, kettles, frying pansand bowls made of brass(20 samples), iron(17 samples) , aluminium(10 samples), copper(2 samples),bronze(2 samples) or stainless(2 samples). The migration of metats from brasses was affected by the iai-gration temperature(30, 60, 80 and 95'c ), the simulant pH (2.5, 4.3, 6.0 and 7.0) and the migration tirae(30,90, 180 and 360mia.). T,he amount of Pb migrati,oB was maximum at 95'c with pH 2.5. This study in-dicated that it could be required to reexamine the m igration time as 30 minutes suggested by the KoreaFood Code because the equilibrium of Pb migration was reached at 180 minutes. The mechanism of Pbmigration was investigated with Scanning Electron :Microscope(SEM) and Electron Probe Micro Analya-er(EPMA ). To correlate the relations between the m igration and the content of Pb in brass samples, tinbrass samples having known eontent of Pb(the quaritities of Fb in brass ; 0, 0.02, 0.09, 0,3,0.2, 0.5,0.9,1.4, 5.4 and 9.2% (w/w) ) were tested in the following conditions,4% acetic acid,95·C and 30 minutes. Theresult re?i?seBts that content of Pb in brass samples must be below 0.2% (w/w) to satis(y the 1.0 ppm(as Pb), of forea Food Code. The study was also coBlducted to estimate the migration of harmful metalsin metallic kitchenware made of brass, iron, alumiBium, copper, bronze and stainless. In the case ofbrass samples, the migration of Pb exceeded the 1.0 ppm in 17 among 20 samples with 85% rejectionrate. The pattern of the distribution for Pb migratioB was as followed; 15% : 1~10ppn1; 30% : fO~100ppm; 20% : 100~200ppm; 10% : 200~300ppm, 5% : 300~400ppm; 5% : 400~500ppm, respectivelr,while the content of otller metals detected as Cu 0.3,7~77.85ppm, Zn 2.88~221.Ooppm, Fe trace. Variousiron kitchenwares including sTilts, cooking pots ancl frying pans were also tested. The migration of themetals showed the following result, Fe . 0.52~s.07 ppm; Cu, Zn, Pb : trace; Sn. Cd : not detected.respectively. Aluminium kitchenwares like kettles were tested. There was no significant migration of trace metals, Cu, Zn, Sn, Fe and Pb, meanwhile the migration of Cd in samples made of the aluminium products could not be detected. The results demonstrated that iron and aluminium kitchenwares were suitable for Korea Food Code, however, brass products could provide harmful effect on human health.