시변 스위칭 함수를 이용한 가변구조제어계의 도달기간 제거방법

곽군평,주형민 창원대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産技硏論文集 Vol.15 No.-

본 논문은 시변 스위칭함수를 이용하여 가변구조제어계의 단점인 도달기간을 제거하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 제시된 기법에 의해 전체 제어기간동안의 도달기간이 제거되었다. 효과적인 브러시리스 DC모타의 속도제어를 위해 제안된 시변스위칭 함수를 사용하여 속도 제어기를 설계하였다. This paper presents a new method for removing reaching phase in variable structure control systems using time varying switching function. By proposed method, during the entire control process reaching phase is removed. For effective speed control of trapezoidal type brushless DC motor, a time varying switching function based speed controller is developed as illustration.

미생물을 이용한 염료의 생분해에 관한 연구 : 반응성염료 분해균에 관한 연구 Studies on the Reactive Dye-Degrading Microorganisms

정영건,지원대,정민선,백형진 효성여자대학교 부설 한국환경위생연구소 1994 환경위생연구 Vol.4 No.1

대구시의 염색폐수처리장 폐수 및 처리장 주변의 토양과 물에서 반응성 염료인 Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A(CBR), Reactive Orange 16(RO), Reactive Black 5(RB)에 탈색능을 보이는 12종의 균을 분리하고 이들 균 중에서 본 실험에 사용한 CBR, RO, RB5 염료 모두에 약 90% 이상의 높은 탈색율을 나타낸 CBR2균을 선별하였다. 선별된 CBR2균의 특성 및 염료분해특성을 조사하였다. CBR2균은 그람 음성, 무아포, 간균으로 운동성이 있으며, 염농도 5%, 온도 50℃에서도 생육이 가능하였다. CBR2균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색에 미치는 pH의 영향을 조사한 결과, pH 5.0에서 9.0까지 고른 균 성장과 탈색율을 나타내었으며 특히 pH 7.0에서 최고의 균 성장 및 염료 탈색율을 나타내었다. 온도별 균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색율을 조사한 결과 30℃에서 가장 높은 균 성장 및 탈색율을 나타내었다. 산소량에 따른 균의 생육 및 염료의 탈색율을 조사한 결과, 산소량이 많을수록 균의 생육이 좋았으며, 염료의 탈색율에 있어서도 CBR 염료의 경우는 산소량에 비례해서 탈색율이 좋았으나, RO와 RB5 염료의 경우는 산소량이 가장 많은 2ml양의 배양에서 보다 상대적으로 산소량이 적은 4ml양의 배양에서 가장 높은 탈색율을 보였다. Twelve strains, which were exhibited abilities of decolorizationto the reactive dyes, Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A(CBR) , Reactive Orange 16(RO) and Reactive Black 5(RB5) , were isolated from the samples of waste waterof the dye textile factories and the samples of soil and water around them. Amongthem one stain, CBR2 was selected because of the higest decolorization rateto the reactive dyes, CBR, RO and RB5 with more than 90% of decolorizationrate. The characteristics of reactive dye-degrading microorganism CBR2 andits decolorization abilities to reactive dyes were investigated. This CBR2 wasGram negative and non-spore forming rod. This organism has motility and ispossible to grow even in 5% of sodium chloride solution and at such temperatueof 50℃ In the pH 5.0 to 9.0, growth rate of the isolate and decolorizationrate to reactive dyes by CBR2 were exhibited almost similar rates. However,among those pH of media the most growth and decolorization rates were appearedat pH 7.0. On the temperature effects to growth rates of CBR2 and decolorizationrate by this organism, the most growth and decolorization rates were at tempera-ture of 30℃. More oxygen volumes in test tubes enhanced generally the growthrate of this organism. However, the decolorization rate of CBR dye by CBR2was higher according to oxygen volume increased in the media but the decoloriza-tion rates of RO and RB5 dyes in 2m1 volume of culture media were rather decrea-sed than that of 4ml volume of culture media where oxygen volume is lowerthan that of 2ml volum of culture media.

TiN 박막 형성에 미치는 ion beam 조사 효과

안병건,추관식,문두수,안정식,김영대,김형자,이규용 釜慶大學校 2002 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Low energy high current N_2 ion beam was used to modify the morphology and chemical composition of cemented carbide WC-Co(Co:10 wt%, TiC + TaC:15 wt%, WC:bal) hard material surface for the fabrication of the TiN thin film by sol-gel method. The effects of ion beam treatment on preparation of the TiN thin film by sol-gel mothod were investigated by XPS, SEM, AFM and GXRD. According to the N_2 ion beam bombardment, the surface roughness was increased and TiC binders in WC were dissolved. The dissolved Ti was recombind with nitrogen ion to form the TiN nucleuses which were acted as seeds for the forming of the TiN thin film on the cemented WC-Co surface. Besides, the sputter deposited Ti interlayer prevented the diffusion of TiO_2 sol into the porous WC-Co during the formation of TiN thin film.

활성탄 및 자외선에 의한 세균제거에 관한 연구

김경진,김형석,이호근 慶熙大學校 地球環境硏究所 1998 지구환경논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The environment of the earth has been changed worse by human activities. There are lots of waterborne diseases which are caused by bacteria, virus, and protozoan. Microorganisms pose a serious threat to the safety of the world's drinking water. At least 25 millon people in the world die because of the waterborne diseases. The major symptoms are diarriah, vomite, stomach pain, and headache. Some diseases kill patients who are especially immuno compromised such as cholera, typhoid, etc. Many cases of this kind of diseases are the important issue throughout the world. Therefore international academic conferences are holding frequently. One of the recommentation was announced in Guayaquil, Ecuador in 1995, which is related with control of waterborne diseases. We know that water pollution by E.coli indicate fecal contamination in water system. We are drinking about 2 liters of drinking water every day. There are several kinds of drinkind water, e.g., tap water, bottled water, purifier passed water, groundwater, etc. The city tap water is most widely using drinking water source. But owing to the corrosion of water supplying pipe lines and storage tank contamination in buildings, the tap water quality has some problems of bacteria and other contaminants. Throughout the world, water purifiers are using in many countries, but there are few reports on bacteria behavior in water purifiers. Authors studied the bacteria reduction and removal effects through activated carbon and UV lamp in water purifier, and got some interesting results.

水泳一스트레스에 의한 血裝 Corticosterone 증가에 미치는 水溫, Clonidine 및 Bromazepam의 영향

金炯健,申炅浩,金庚旭,全普權,千然淑 고려대학교 의과대학 1989 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.26 No.2

Recently, many reports suggested that warm water swim-stress induces an opioid-analgesia, while cold water swim-stress produces a nonopioid form of analgesia. And Hong et. al. reported that the increase of plasma corticosterone (p-CS) in response to swim-stress at 20℃(20-SS) was significantly attenuated by swim-stress at 4℃ (4-SS) was affected by CL but markedly suppressed by BA. In this paper, the influences of CL-500㎍/㎏ and BA-5㎎/㎏ on the change of p-CS in response to 20-SS or 4-SS were studied in male mice comparing with those of morphine and naloxone. The 20-SS induced increase of p-CS was significantly inhibited by CL and BA, respectively, while the 4-SS induced increase was not affected by CL but markedly inhibited by BA. And the 20-SS or 4-SS induced increase of p-CS was slightly inhibited by naloxone,2mg/kg but not affected by morphine, 2㎎/㎏. The increase of p-SS in response to three times repeated 20-SS or 4-SS with one hour interval was little affected by B-pretreatment, but CL-pretreatment slightly attenuated the 4-SS induced increase of p-CS and significantly inhibited the 20-SS induced increase. The increase of p-CS induced by the repeated SS was little affected by the treatment of BA 30 minutes before the last SS, but the such treatment of CL slightly attenuated the p-CS increase induced by the repeated 20-SS but significantly enhanced the p-CS increase by the repeated the repeated 4-SS. And during the experiment of repeated 4-SS, 55.6% of mice pretreated with BA were drowned. The results demonstrate that there are some pharmacological differences between the mechanisms of hypothalamo-adenohypophysial responses to 20-SS and 4-SS, respectively.

P3HT 유기물을 활성층으로 이용한 박막 트랜지스터 제작

이건웅,홍남경,권오성,이형규 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2005 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.13 No.1

구동회로가 유기물로 구성된다면 단순하고 저렴한 제작공정의 장점으로 인해 두루마리 디스플레이, RFID 카드에 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구는 이를 위해 고분자 유기물인 P3HT(poly-3-hexylthiophene)를 산화막이 성장된 Si 기판위에 스핀코팅하여 활성층으로 사용한 박막 트랜지스터를 제작하고 소자 구조에 따른 특성을 측정하였다. 트랜지스터는 하부 게이트 전극으로 Si 기판을, 몰리브덴 소스와 드레인이 유기물 활성층 하부 또는 그 상부에 위치하는 구조를 채택하였다. 제작된 박막 트랜지스터는 정상전도 p-채널 MOSFET 동작특성을 보이며 V_(GS) = -60 V, V_(DS) = -100 V에서 측정한 드레인 전류는 하부, 상부 접촉 구조에서 각각 I_(DS) = 8 pA/㎛, 4.7 pA/㎛ 이었으며 점멸비 (I_(on/off))는 10^(2)과 10을 나타내었다. 또한, 계산된 전계 효과 이동도는 두 구조에서 동일한 값으로써 약 1×10^(-6) ㎠/V-s 을 보이고 있었다. 상부구조의 장점은 트랜지스터의 특성은 박막의 품질이 향상되고 낮은 접촉저항을 나타내는 금속을 선택함으로써 들어날 것으로 기대된다. If the driving circuits were formed by organic materials, these can be applicable to flexible displays and RFID cards due to the simple fabrication methods and inexpensive costs of production, In this article, we report on the characteristics of organic thin-film transistors using P3HT(poly-3-hexylthiophene) polymer as an active layer material by spin-coating on a Si wafer. The transistor is composed of a Si back-gate, 150 nm thick thermal oxide, and Mo source/drain contacts formed either below (bottom-contact) or above (top-contact) the active channel. Fabricated devices have exhibited the normally-on p-channel MOSFET characteristics with the drain currents of 8 pA/㎛ and 4.7 pA/㎛, and with I_(on/off) ratios of 10^(2) and 10, from bottom- and top-contact structure, respectively, measured at V_(GS) = -60 V and V_(DS) = -100 V. And, the calculated mobility shows about 1×10^(-6) ㎠/V-s same in both structures. We expect that the advantages of top-contact structure could be revealed by employing low contact resistance metal and improvement of the film quality.

Cephalosporium acremonium var. M-10에 의한 Cephalosporin C 생산에 관한 연구

이호근,현형환,오두환,유주현 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

The microorganism which produces Cepholsoporin C, has been selected from Cephalosporium acromonium by U.V radiation. Among the mutants, Cephalosporium acremonium var. M-10 was showed the highest Cephalosporin C productivity. On the basis of physiologieal characteristics, the difference hetween Cephalosporium acremonium var. M-10 and Cephalosporium acromonium was that the mutant did not assimilate sodium acetate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate. By using Cephalosporium acremonium var. M-10, the optimum conditions for the production of cephalosporin C on the rotary shaker were pH 7.0 soluble starch 4.0 w/v%, (NH₄)₂SO₄0.75w/v%,, CaCl ₂w/v%, soy bean meal 2w/v%, oleic acid 0.09w/v%, methionine 0.3w/v%, at 30℃ for 120 hours, respectively. On the study of time course, it revealed that the peak appeared at the stationery phese. The amount of Cephalosgorin C produced in this medium by mutant was about two times larger than that by Cephalosporium acremonium.

후두 편평세포암종에서 Galectin-1 및 -7의 발현 의의

김건형,강차영,윤혁수,도남용,조성일,임성철 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

Background and Objectives: The role of different Galectins in the pathogenesis of different types of malignancy is being profoundly investigated recently. In this study, the author investigated the level of Galectin-1 and -7 in the layngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue to define its relationship to the tumor progression. Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 77 patients, who were diagnosed as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 1993 to 2007, were immunohistochemically stained for Galectin-1 and -7. Results: Galectin-1 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage and nodal involvement. Galectin-7 expression was increased in better differentiated tumors. Conclusion: Expression of Galectin-1 and -7 can be used as a valuable indicator in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma under certain limitations.

A rare case of extensive papillary muscle calcification in senile cardiac calcification syndrome

김은진;송봉근;강민호;손형래;홍수민;박동원;허승혜;김계연;최석구 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-

광범위 유두근 석회화는 흔하지 앉으며, 원인과 임상적 중요성에 관한 문헌만 드물게 찾아볼 수 있다. 반면에 작은 석회 침착은 노인에서 흔하며 심장 첨부에 주로 나타난다. 유두근 석회화는 관상동맥질환, 확장성 심근병증, 승모관 질환, 고칼슘혈증, 그리고 말기신부전에서 인산칼슘의 중가와 연관성이 있다. 저자는 심장초옴파와 MDCT를 통해 진단된 전외측 유두근의 광범위 석회화의 드문 사례가 있어 보고한다.

Swim-Stress에 의한 血漿 Corticosterone 增加와 腦 Monoamine 性 神經系의 關聯性에 대한 硏究

徐聖祚,金炯健,全普權 고려대학교 의과대학 1988 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.25 No.1

There are many evidences suggesting that central, alpha-adrenergic but not beta-adrenergic or dopaminergic, pathways inhibit ACTH-corticosteroid secretion caused by various stimuli in a variety of animal species. But noradrenenergic activation has been reported to cause no change, inhibition, or stimulation of ACTH secretion. O'Conner and Chipkin reported that the response to warm swim-stress might involve central opioid pathway, whereas the response to cold swim-stress appeared not to be opioid mediated. In this paper, the influence of clonidine on the increase of plasma corticosterone level occurred by swim-stress at 4℃ or 20℃ was studied in male mice. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The increase of plasma corticosterone (CS) occurred by swim-stress at 4℃ was not affected by clonidine, 500㎍/㎏, but the increase occurred by swim-stress at 20℃ (20-SS) was significantly inhibited by clonidine. 2. The increase of plasma CS occurred by 20-SS was not affected by prazosin, phenoxybenzamine, yohimbine. propranolol and haloperidol. But the inhibitory effect of clonidine on 20-SS induced increase of plasma CS was significantly antagonized by yohimbine and phenoxybenzamine but not affected by prazosin, propranolol, and haloperidol. 3. The increase of plasma CS occurred by 20-SS was significantly inhibited by reserpine, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, and p-chlorophenylalanine but not affected by iproniazid. And the inhibitory effect of clonidine on the increase of plasma CS occurred by 20-SS was not affected by ipronizid, reserpine, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, and p-chlorophenylalanine. 4. Clonidine increased plasma corticosterone level, and the increasing effect of clonidine was moderately enhanced by reserpine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine but not affected by the above adrenoceptor blockades. The results suggest that the increase of plasma corticosterone level occurred by 20-SS may be mediated by hypothalamic noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons and inhibited by clonidine via presynaptic α₂-adrenoceptor.