Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a New DNA Polymerase from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, Thermococcus sp. NA1

( Yun Jae Kim ),( Hyun Sook Lee ),( Seung Seob Bae ),( Jeong Ho Jeon ),( Jae Kyu Lim ),( Yo Na Cho ),( Ki Hoon Nam ),( Sung Gyun Kang ),( Sang Jin Kim ),( Suk Take Kwon ),( Jung Hyun Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2007 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.17 No.7

결명자 추출물의 추출특성 및 항산화 효과

나경민,한호석,예수향,김현구 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

The present study was conducted to investigate extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Cassia tora L. extracts, Casia tora L. was extracted by reflux extraction under different extraction conditions including solvent. The solid yield, turbidity, color value, titratable acidity, free sugar contents, electron donating ability and superoxide dismutase-like ability of Cassia tora L. extracts were determined. The highest solid yield value was obtained with water of 10 fold. No significant difference in turbidity and color value were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 75% ethanol, 50% ethanol and water. The highest titratable acidity was obtained with 50% ethanol of Cassia tora L.. The free sugar contents of Cassia tora L. extracted with water showed the highest value. Cassia tora L. extracts with water included higher contents of free sugar compared with those of the other solvent extracts, 50% ethanol and 75% ethanol extracts. The total polyphenol compound content of Cassia tora L. extracted with 50% ethanol showed the highest value. Cassia tora L. extracts with 50% ethanol included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other solvent extracts, water and 75% ethanol extracts.

오미자 추출물의 추출특성 및 항산화 효과

김현구,나경민,예수향,한호석 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

The present study was conducted to investigate extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Schiznadra chinensis extracts. Schiznadra chinensis was extracted by reflux extraction(RE) under different extraction conditions including solvent. The solid yield, turbidity, color value, titratable acidity, free sugar contents, electron donating ability(EDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like ability of Schiznadra chinensis extracts were determined. The highest solid yield value was obtained with water of 10 fold. No significant difference in turbidity and color value were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 75% ethanol, 50% ethanol and water. The highest titratable acidity was obtained with water extracts of Schiznadra chinensis. The free sugar contents of Schiznadra chinensis extracted with water showed the highest value. Schiznadra chinensis extracts with water included higher contents of free sugar compared with those of the other solvent extracts, 50% ethanol and 75% ethanol extracts. The total polyphenol compound content of Schiznadra chinensis extracted with 50% ethanol showed the highest value. Schiznadra chinensis extracts with 50% ethanol included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other solvent extracts, water and 75% ethanol extracts. The electron donating ability of extracts were 60.87% in water, 57.24% in 50% ethanol, and 55.61% in 75% ethanol.

치주병원균에 대한 유산균의 억제효과

정하나,김영준,정현주,오종석 전남대학교 치과대학 1999 전남치대논문집 Vol.11 No.1

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus acidophilus V-20 on the replication of periodontal pathogens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. When A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were incubated alone and in the combination with L. acidophilus V-20, the viable cell numbers of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P.gingivalis were compared between those cultures. The effect of S. mutans, E. durans, and L. lactis on the replication of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis was also evaluated. The change of periodontal indexes(probine depth, gingival index, GCF volume) and the viable cell numbers of A. actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteroides in subgingival plaque sample were evaluated following gargling of fermented milk made from L.acidophilus V-20 for 1 month on patients with periodontal disease in maintenance phase. In the mixed culture of L. acidophilus V-20 and A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis, the replication of A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis was completely inhibited. But in the mixed culture of P. gingivalis and hydrogen peroxide-nonproducing Lactobacillus casei, the viable cell numbers of P. gingivalis was not decreased when compared with the numbers in the mixed culture of P. gingivalis and L. acidophilus V-20. In the mixed culture of A. actinomycetemcomitans and S. mutans, E. durans, or L. lactis, the viable cell number of A. actinomycetemcomitans was not almost changed when compared with the numbers in the culture of A. actinomycetemcomitans alone. And in the mixed culture of P. gingivalis and E. durans or L. lactis, the viable cell numbers of P. gingivalis was not almost changed compared with the counts in the culture of P. gingivalis alone. But the replication of P. gingivalis was completely inhibited in the mixed culture of P. gingivalis and S. mutans. When the change of periodontal indexes following gargling of fermented milk was compared with baseline, probing depth and gingival index were not changed, but GCF volume was significantly decreased(p<0.05). And when the viable cell numbers of microorganisms in subgingival plaque sample were compared with baseline, total viable cell number was almost unchanged and the viable cell numbers of A. actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteroides were significantly decreased(p<0.05). These results suggest that L. acidophilus V-20 inhibit the replication of A. actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteroides by the formation of hydrogen peroxide.

유아교육과정의 포스트모더니즘 관점에서 본 멀티미디어의 활용 탐색

양옥승,강현미,나은숙 덕성여자대학교 2006 德成女大論文集 Vol.35 No.-

The utilization of multi-media to deliver education content has been rapidly increasing recently in early childhood education institutions. However, in many cases multi-media is used as classroom tools without thorough review of their educational function and possible problems. According to Grundy(1991), the use of any medium in a curriculum should not be accepted without critical review. In addition, the medium should also be assessed as an area of overall curriculum development. Accordingly, this research studies the utilization of multi-media from a postmodern perspective of the early childhood curriculum. It emphasizes the following points: First, multi-media should deliver content that pursues diversity and multiplicity considering the socio-cultural context of the learners. Second, multi-media should be used for not only individual activities but also collaborative work to promote interaction. Third, multi-media should be capable of encouraging the active participation of the learners. In conclusion, this research suggests that the use of multi-media in early childhood education institutions is significant not only as an additional teaching tool but also as the means to enable new approaches to early childhood education curriculum.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

원위부 신세뇨관성 산증에서 산-염기 운반체의 결손

김혜영,한진석,이정상,김현리,김진,이중건,이서진,김근호,진호준,전은실,주권욱,나기영,정우경,오지은,엄재호,궁성수 대한신장학회 2000 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.19 No.5

The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether the molecular defect of acid-base transporters in renal tubules is related to the functional defect of urinary acidification in distal renal tubular acidosis(RTA). We performed NH₄Cl, furosemide, or bicarbonate loading test to evaluate renal acidification function, and immunohistochemistry using antibodies to H^+ -ATPase, Cl^-/HCO₃^- exchanger(band-3 protein), and Na^+/K^+ -ATPase in kidney tissue in 6 patients with RTA and renal cell carcinoma patients as normal controls. Kidney tissue was obtained either by percutaneous needle biopsy(RTA) or nephrectomy(NC). The results were as follows; 1) In all six RTA patients, proton secretory defect of distal acidification was shown by a failure to lower the urine pH after NHC1 loading or furosemide test or abnormally low urine-blood pCO₂ difference during bicarbonate loading. In two patients with RTA, proximal acidification defect was combined, which was demonstrated by increased fractional excretion of bicarbonate. 2) In mal control, intense H^+ -ATPase and band-3 protein staining was observed in collecting ducts. 3) In distal RTA patients, H6+ -ATPase and band-3 protein staining was not demonstrable or markedly decreased in the intercalated cells of distal nephron. 4) In two patients who had both proximal and distal RTA, H^+ -ATPase staining was markedly decreased in the brush border of proximal tubules as well as the distal nephron. In conclusion, the defect of acid-base transporters in renal tubule was related with the functional defect of urinary acidification in distal RTA.

Study on the biodegradation of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and PFOS alternatives

Bongin Choi,Suk-Hyun Na,Jun-Hyo Son,Dong-Soo Shin,Byung-Taek Ryu,Kyun-Suk Byeon,Seon-Yong Chung 환경독성보건학회 2016 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.31 No.-

Objectives In this study, we investigated the biodegradation features of 4 perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) alternatives developed at Changwon National University compared to those of PFOS. Methods Biodegradation testing was performed with microorganisms cultured in the good laboratory practice laboratory of the Korea Environment Corporation for 28 days following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines for the testing of chemicals (Test No. 301 C). Results While C8F17SO3Na, PFOS sodium salt was not degraded after 28 days, the 4 alternatives were biodegraded at the rates of 20.9% for C<SUB>15</SUB>F<SUB>9</SUB>H<SUB>21</SUB>S₂O<SUB>8</SUB>Na₂, 8.4% for C<SUB>17</SUB>F<SUB>9</SUB>H-<SUB>25</SUB>S₂O<SUB>8</SUB>Na₂, 22.6% for C<SUB>23</SUB>F<SUB>18</SUB>H<SUB>28</SUB>S₂O<SUB>8</SUB>Na₂, and 23.6% for C<SUB>25</SUB>F<SUB>17</SUB>H<SUB>32</SUB>O<SUB>13</SUB>S₃Na₃. Conclusions C<SUB>25</SUB>F<SUB>17</SUB>H<SUB>32</SUB>S₃O<SUB>13</SUB>Na₃, C<SUB>23</SUB>F<SUB>18</SUB>H<SUB>28</SUB>S₂O<SUB>8</SUB>Na₂, and C<SUB>15</SUB>F<SUB>9</SUB>H<SUB>21</SUB>S₂O<SUB>8</SUB>Na₂ were superior to PFOS in terms of biodegradation rates and surface tension, and thus they were considered highly applicable as PFOS alternatives. Environmental toxicity, human toxicity, and economic feasibility of these compounds should be investigated prior to their commercialization.

Study on the biodegradation of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and PFOS alternatives

Choi, Bongin,Na, Suk-Hyun,Son, Jun-Hyo,Shin, Dong-Soo,Ryu, Byung-Taek,Byeon, Kyun-Suk,Chung, Seon-Yong The Korean Society of Environmental Toxicology 2016 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.31 No.-

Objectives In this study, we investigated the biodegradation features of 4 perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) alternatives developed at Changwon National University compared to those of PFOS. Methods Biodegradation testing was performed with microorganisms cultured in the good laboratory practice laboratory of the Korea Environment Corporation for 28 days following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines for the testing of chemicals (Test No. 301 C). Results While $C_8F_{17}SO_3Na$, PFOS sodium salt was not degraded after 28 days, the 4 alternatives were biodegraded at the rates of 20.9% for $C_{15}F_9H_{21}S_2O_8Na_2$, 8.4% for $C_{17}F_9H_{25}S_2O_8Na_2$, 22.6% for $C_{23}F_{18}H_{28}S_2O_8Na_2$, and 23.6% for $C_{25}F_{17}H_{32}O_{13}S_3Na_3$. Conclusions $C_{25}F_{17}H_{32}S_3O_{13}Na_3$, $C_{23}F_{18}H_{28}S_2O_8Na_2$, and $C_{15}F_9H_{21}S_2O_8Na_2$ were superior to PFOS in terms of biodegradation rates and surface tension, and thus they were considered highly applicable as PFOS alternatives. Environmental toxicity, human toxicity, and economic feasibility of these compounds should be investigated prior to their commercialization.

PFOS 대체물질의 환경유해성에 관한 연구

최봉인(Bong-In Choi),정선용(Seon-Yong Chung),나숙현(Suk-Hyun Na),신동수(Dong-Soo Shin),유병택(Byung-Taek Ryu) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.6

PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)는 28일 동안 미생물에 의한 분해가 이루어지지 않은 반면 4종의 대체물질(C25F17H32ScO13Na₃, C15F9H21ScO8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂)은 각각 21.6%, 20.5%, 15.8% 그리고 6.4% 분해가 이루어졌다. Daphnia magna를 이용하여 48시간 동안 수행한 물벼룩급성독성시험에서 sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)의 반수영향농도(EC50)는 54.5 mg/L인 것으로 확인된 반면 4종의 대체물질은 500.0 mg/L에서 아무런 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 500.0 mg/L에서 PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)의 표면장력은 46.2 mN/m이었으며 대체물질 4종의 표면장력은 모두 PFOS sodium salt 보다 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. C23F18H28S₃O8Na₂ (20.9 mN/m)는 가장 낮은 표면장력을 갖고 있었다. 그 다음은 C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂ (23.4 mN/m), C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂ (27.3 mN/m) 그리고 C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃ (28.2 mN/m) 순인 것으로 확인되었다. 미생물분해시험, 물벼룩급성 독성시험 그리고 표면장력측정 결과를 종합해 보면 4종의 PFOS 대체물질(C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃, C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂)은 모두 PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) 보다 우수한 것으로 확인되었으며 특히 3종의 대체물질(C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃)은 미생물분해율이 15.8~21.6%로 상대적으로 높고, 물벼룩급성독성과 표면장력측정이 PFOS sodium salt 보다 상당히 우수하다. 그러므로 이들 4종의 대체물질은 PFOS 대체물질로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. While PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO3Na) was not degraded by microorganisms for 28 days, the 4 alternatives were biodegraded at the rates of 21.6% for C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃, 20.5% for C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, 15.8% for C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ and 6.4% for C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂, respectively. The acute toxicity test using Daphnia magna was conducted for 48 hours, the half effective concentration (EC50) of PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) was evaluated in 54.5 mg/L. While the 4 alternatives did not show any effect at 500.0 mg/L. The surface tension of the PFOS salt (C8F17SO₃Na) is 46.2 mN/m at a concentration of 500.0 mg/L. While the surface tension of the 4 alternatives was found to be superior to PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na). The surface tension of C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ (20.9 mN/m) has the lowest, followed by C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂ (23.4 mN/m), C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂ (27.3 mN/m), C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃ (28.2 mN/m). The four kinds of alternatives (C15F9H21S₃O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃) were found to be superior to PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) in terms of biodegradation, Daphnia sp. acute toxicity and surface tension, and thus they were considered applicable as PFOS alternatives. Especially biodegradation rate of C15F9H21S2O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ and C25F17H32S3O13Na₃ was relatively high as 15.8~21.6%, and Daphnia sp. acute toxicity and surface tension were considerably superior (surface tension 39~55%) to PFOS sodium salt. Therefore, these alternatives are considered to be available as an alternative of PFOS.