정수처리 공정에서 철과 망간 잔류 농도에 관한 연구

최미리,서규태,문병현,이택순 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

This study was to investigate the cause of the color and turbidity in a small-scale water treatment plant using lakes water as water supply source. Water qualities in aqueducts, in depth of the lakes and in each process were measured. And effects of prechlorination on each unit operation in the water treatment, especially on iron and manganese removal, were studied. The concentration of iron and manganese was 0.13, 0.08 mg/L in the surface water and 1.93 and 0.433 mg/L in 15 m depth of the lake. Higher iron concentration of the inlet was measured to 5.35 mg/L which was caused by the steel aqueduct corrosion. The optimun coagulation dosages of Poly Aluminum Chloride(PAC) and Liquid Aluminum Sulfate (LAS) were 17.5 mg/L and 35 mg/L. Pretreatmnet of raw water with CaCOl improved the removal efficiencies of iron and manganes. However, more efficient method for removing iron and manganes was required.

Starter 및 멸치액젓 첨가가 김치양념 및 겉절이 김치의 품질에 미치는 영향

최택권,박소희,유진현,임호수,조재선,황성연 한국식생활문화학회 2003 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

양념에 Leu. mesenteroides, Lac plantarum의 젖산균과 멸치액젓 첨가가 김치 양념의 대장균군 제어, 속성촉진여부 및 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Leu. mesenteroides과 젓갈을 첨가한 경우 초기 숙성이 촉진되나 후기 산패는 완만하였으며 Lac. plantarum의 첨가시에는 초기 숙성에는 큰 차이가 없고 후기 산패가 현저하게 진행되었다. 대장균군은 산도 0.80% 이상에서 사멸되었는데 leu. mesenteroides의 경우가 숙성이 촉진되어 보다 신속히 사멸시켰다. 총균수와 젖산균수는 초기에 starter 첨가구는 10^6CFU/mL 정도인데 반해서 starter를 첨가하지 않은 않은 처리구에서 총균수는 10^6CFU/mL , 젖산균수가 10^4CFU/mL 이었고 숙성 후에는 첨가균이 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 하지만 대체적으로 스타터의 첨가가 숙성 및 대장균에 크게 영향을 주지 못하는 경향으로 동일하게 나왔다. 관능적 특성에서는 Leu. mesenteroides 첨가구가 Lac. plantarum의 경우보다 우수하였다. 한편, 시판 겉절이 김치는 산도가 0.09~0.18%, ph 5.46~5.89, 총균수 2.2×10^6~3.1×10^7CFU/mL, 젖산균수는 2.1×10^4~6.6×10^5CFU/mL, 대장균수는 1.8×10^4~7.1×10^5CFU/mL, 염분 1.89%~2.51%으로 스타터 첨가 겉절이에 비해 ph와 염도를 제외한 품질 특성에서 전반적으로 낮은 값을 나타냈다. This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum and salt fermented anchovy extracts on Kimchi sauce. The sauce was fermented more rapidly by addition of Leu. mesenteroids or salt fermented anchovy extracts on the early fermentation stage than the control, but it was fermented slowly on the late fermentation stage. When L. plantarum was added to the Kimchi on the early fermentation stage, the acidity of Kimchi didn't show a significant difference from the control, but acidity was remarkably increased on the late stage. Coliform group was disappeared when acidity of sauce was higher than 0.8% during fermentation. It was controlled by Leu. mesenteroides but not by L. plantarum. Total count and lactic acid bacterial count of the sauces with starter were 6.30×10^6~1.0×10^7 CFU/mL and 1.04~2.04×10^6 CFU/mL, respectively, but those of the control sauce were 10^6 CFU/mL and 10^4 CFU/mL, respectively. Those count of the sauce with starter were higher than those of the control sauce on the later stage of fermentation. Organoleptic quality of the sauce with Leu. mesenteroides was superior to that with L. plantarum.

순막조건화에서의 적핵과 소뇌 중간핵의 기능

김현택,최준식,김기석 한국심리학회 1996 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.3 No.1

토끼 순막조건화에 관여하는 뇌간과 소뇌의 구조물들의 기능을 검토하고자 뇌간의 대표적 운동핵인 적핵과 소뇌의 심부핵 중 하나인 중간핵을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 실험 1에서는 조건자극으로 400msec동안의 정현파 청각자극을 제시하고 무조건자극으로는 뇌간의 운동핵이며 순막반응의 출력핵이라고 알려진 적핵에 자극용 전극을 삽입하여 전기자극을 가함과 동시에 각막 공기분사를 복합적으로 제시하면서 전형적인 지연조건화를 시켰다. 그리고 소거시에는 조건자극과 함께 적핵전기자극만을 제시하였다. 이와함께 조건반응의 신경적 가소성 형성의 후보구조물로 알려진 중간핵에 기록용 전극을 삽입하여 조건화동안의 중간핵 뉴런들의 다단위 활동을 기록하였다. 실험 결과 적핵자극은 조건화의 습득과 소거에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 따라서 적핵은 순막조건화에서는 단순운동 출력핵임을 확인하였다. 그와 함께 소뇌 중간핵에서의 다단위활동의 기록은 이 핵이 조건반응이 형성되는 가소성구조물 또는 그 출력을 받는 구조물임을 입증해 주었다. 실험 2에서는 조건자극 및 무조건자극복합은 실험 1과 동일하게 하였다. 단지 소뇌 중간핵에 자극전극을 삽입하여 전기자극을 가하면서 조건화를 시킨 점만 다를 뿐이다. 결과를 보면 중간핵을 자극하면 순막조건화의 습득에서 유의미한 지체를 보였고 소거에서 유의미한 촉진을 보였다. 이는 중간핵이 조건반응의 형성 및 해제에 중요한 역할을 하는 구조물임을 시사하는 것이다. The red nucleus and the cerebellar interpositus nucleus were successively investigated in terms of multiple plastic structures mediating the classical conditioning of the rabbit's nictitating membrane response (NMR). In experiment 1, monopolar tungsten stimulating electrodes and low-impedance monopolar tungsten recording microelectrodes were chronically implanted into the red nucleus and the interpositus nucleus respectively. All animals were trained with delay conditioning paradigm. In order to investigate any involvment of the red nucleus in the conditioning of NMR, animals of the experimental group were trained with the tone conditioned stimulus (CS) (400msec, 1㎑, 85㏈, sine wave) and unconditioned stimulus (US) consisted of the electrical stimulation of the red nucleus (100msec, 400㎐, pulse width 0.1msec, 60~150㎂) and simultaneous corneal airpuff(100msec, 100g/㎠) in the five aquisition sessions. In two successive extinction sessions, the animals were trained with the tone CS and the electrical stimulation US of the red nucleus alone. Animals of the control group were trained with the tone CS and the corneal airpuff US in the same aquisition sessions and with the tone CS alone in the same extinction sessions. Results showed that the electrical stimulation US of the red nucleus neither facillitates the learning rate in the aquistion stage nor maintains the conditioned response(CR) in the extinction stage. It may be concluded that the red nucleus is a mere output structure and is not an essential one in the neural network mediating the conditioning of NMR. Multiple unit activity(MUA) recorded from the cerebellar interpositus nucleus was processed to 16msec-bin histogram and the NMR was averaged in each session. The averaged NMR was highly correlated with the histogram and the histogram of MUA preceded the averaged NMR. This supports the previous reports that the cerebellar interpositus nucleus may be the neural substrate of the conditioning of NMR. In experiment 2, stimulating electrodes and recording microelectrodes were chronically implanted into the cerebellar interpositus nucleus and the red nucleus respectively. All training methods were identical with the experiment 1, except for exchanging the stimulating target structure for the recording one. Results showed that the electrical stimulation US of the cerebellar interpositus nucleus severely retarded the aqusition of the CR. It is concluded that the cerebellar interpositus nucleus may be a structure of plasticity included in an essential neural network mediating the conditioning of NMR. Possible interpretations of the result, concerning the side effect of the electrical stimulation and the function of the inferior olive-cerebellar cortex-interpositus nucleus-inferior olive recurrent loop, are discussed.

화학기상응축 공정으로 제조한 Fe 나노입자의 TEM 미세조직 및 결정화거동

김택수,이희정,오익현,한재길,최철진,이병택 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.12

Iron and iron nitride nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical vapor condensation (CVC) process, using a precursor of Fe(CO)_(5) and carrier gas of NH₃. Phase change and crystallization behaviors of as received particles were mainly examined by TEM technique. Only α-Fe nanoparticles were formed at the lowest decomposition temperature of 500℃. As the temperature increased, the crystallization of α-Fe nanoparticles was suppressed and Fe₃N nanoparticles were begun to be formed. Finally full crystallization of Fe₃N was observed at 1000℃. Typical size of the α-Fe and Fe₃N particles was less than 30 nm in diameter.

순막반응의 조건화에 관여하는 신경회로에서의 부외전핵의 역할

김현택,이두현,최준식,김기석 한국심리학회 1990 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.2 No.1

토끼의 소뇌 중간핵에서 순막조건화 기간동안 다단위 기록을 하였다. 다단위 활동은 학습의 초기에는 조건자극과 무조건자극에 대한 유발반응만을 보였으나 학습이 진행됨에 따라 증가하였다. 이 다단위 활동을 회기별로 16msec bin 히스토그램을 작성하여 회기별 순막반응 평균치와 교차 상관값을 구하니 상당한 정도의 상관을 보였으며 더우기 다단위 활동의 히스토그램이 평균화된 순막반응을 수십 msec 앞섰다. 이런 결과는 중간핵의 다단위 활동이 학습의 신경적 지표가 되며 중간핵은 순막조건화의 신경적 근저가 될 수 있음을 보여주었다. 몇몇 연구에서는 부외전핵 또는 외전핵에 무조건 자극으로 전기자극을 주어 순막조건화가 가능하였다고 보고하고 있으므로 본 연구는 이 부외전핵이 단순한 반응의 출력핵에 불과한지 또는 습득된 순막조건화의 파지에 필요한지를 밝히고자 하였다. 그래서 조건화정도의 지표로서 행동적 순막반응과 중간핵 다단위 활동의 히스토그램을 관찰하면서 학습이 진행된후 부외전핵을 손상시켰다. 손상후 행동적 순막반응은 크게 감소하거나 사라졌지만 중간핵에서의 다단위 활동은 여전히 형성된 순막조건화가 건재함을 보여 주었다. 이 결과로서 부외전핵은 단순운동출력핵이며 순막조건화의 파지에 관여하는 부위가 아니라고 결론지었다. Multiple unit activity(MUA) was recorded from the cerebellar dentato-interpositus nucleus during classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response(NMR) in the rabbit with a tone conditioned stimulus(CS) and an airpuff unconditioned stimulus(US). The MUA was processed to 16msec bin histogram and the NMR was averaged in each session respectively. The result showed that The averaged NMR was highly correlated with the histogram and that the histogram of MUA preceded the averaged NMR by several tens millisecond. This supports the previous reports that dentato-interpositus nucleus may be the neural substrate of the NMR conditioning. In some studies, it was reported that the stimulation of accessory abducens nucleus as US can support the NMR conditioning. So, one purpose of this study was the examination of the role of accessory abducens nucleus in the NMR conditioning. Following days of aquisition, the nucleus was lesioned electrolytically. The result showed that the lesion abolished both conditioned and unconditioned responses, but MUA recorded from deutatointerpositus nucleus maintains the same level as it prior to lesion. Results suggest that accessory abducens nucleus is merely motor output nucleus and isn't involved in the retention of the NMR conditioning.

월경전기증후군의 심리적 요인에 관한 연구

이현제,최용성,권택술 大韓神經精神醫學會 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.2

Authors surveyed how the psychologic factors, especially the personality traits were related to the premenstrual syndrome, using PAF and MMPI, with 110 married nurses and 106 unmarried nursing students. The results were as follows : 1) There were no relations between the premenstrual syndrome and the demographic characteristics. 2) The high-scored types in PAF were turned out to be fatigue, lability, anxiety and atypical depressive features in rank order. On the contrary, the low-scored types in PAF were turned our to be increased well-being, hostility/anger, miscellaneous mood/behavior changes and impulsivity in rank order. 3) In the mean comparison of the MMPI scales among three clusters Pa, Pt and Sc scales showed statistically significant relations both in married and unmarried group, also D scale showed statistically significant relation in married group only and Hs, Ma scales showed statistically significant relation in unmarried group only. 4) In the mean comparison of the MPDS scales among three clusters BDL, ANT, CPS, PAG, PAR and STY scales showed statistically significant relations both in married and unmarried group, also DEP scale showed statistically significant relation in unmarried group only.

유색미에 관한 연구 : Ⅲ. 유색미 유망계통에 대한 주요 생육 특성

김광수,최윤표,김선택,최현구,정종태,김보경,유지홍,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

국내외 유색미 수집종을 돌연변이원에 의해 유기된 우수 계통과 수집종간 상호교배에 의해 선발된 CNU 20계통을 파종하여 얻어진 주요 작물학적 특성을 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 1. 간장은 유색 메벼인 CNU126 계통이 대조품종인 동진벼와 같이 가장 컸고 메성인 CNU 128계통에서 가장 작았다. 2. 주당 분얼수는 CNU3, CNU50. CNU56, CNU112 계통에서 가장 많았고 대조품종과 CNU 128 계통에서 10개 미만으로 가장 적게 나타났다. 3. 수장은 육성 계통 중 CNU88 계통에서 가장 길었으나 대조구보다 짧고, 육성계통 중에서는 CNU 126 계통이 가장 짧았다. 4. 주당 영화수는 대조구인 동진벼보다 CNU50 계통에서 2배 이상 많았고, CNU158 계통에서 가장 적게 나타났다. 5. 천립중은 CNU113 계통에서 30g이상으로 대조구와 같이 가장 무거웠고, CNU128 계통에서 20g으로 가장 적었다. 6. 주당 수량은 대조구의 26.6g에 비해 CNU50, CNU112 계통에서 두배정도 높았고, CNU128, CNU158, CNU200 계통에서 가장 낮게 타나났다. Aims of this study were carried out to develop the useful lines induced from mutation and pedigree breeding methods among the collected genetic resources from national and domestic areas. In this study, Stem height of CNU126 line and check among them were high, while CNU128 was lower than other lines. Spiklet length of CNU88 was longer, but that of CNU126 was shorter than check. Number of spiklets per plant of CNU50 among lines have twice time than check. 1,000 grains weight of CNU113 was higher than check. In yield per plant, CNU50 and CNU112 were higher than check, Dongjinbyeo.

이동통신 멀티미디어 데이터서비스의 트래픽 특성 모델링 및 성능분석

정용주,백천현,김후곤,최택진,양원석,황흥석 한국경영과학회 2003 한국경영과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The aim of this study is to identify the data traffic capacity of 3G mobile communication networks, especially of cdma2000-1X networks. Three-layered ON/OFF traffic model is used to describe the dynamics of data traffics and the process of data transmission such as packet scheduling. We construct a simulator fully incorporating packet handling process of cdma2000-1X data network as well as three-layered ON/OFF traffic model describing the behavior of source data traffics. To get influence of traffic parameters on performance measures, the extensive simulations were performed for several data sets which are obtained from real trace data or previous studies. The experimental results show that the engineered throughput satisfying QoS criteria is approximately 20% of total capacity. Finally, some proposals to improve the system capacity are followed.

Bromocriptine 과 Cyproheptadine 이 Corticotropin-releasing Factor(CRF) 로 자극된 ACTH 분비에 미치는 효과

김진우,최영길,김영설,김광원,김선우,양인명,윤현구,우정택 대한내과학회 1986 대한내과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

Our study was desinged to observe the ACTH response to ovine CRF in healthy men and to observe the effect of bromocriptine or cyproheptine on ACTH and cortisol response induced by ovine CRF in healthy men. We have hypothesis that if hromocriptine or cyproheptatine inhibits the secretion of ACTH induced by ovine CRF, they decrease the secretion of ACTH in the pituitary level. The result were followings: 1) Plasma ACTH reached a peak of 1.5 and 1.6 times the basal level in response to ovine CRF at 10 min, and 30 min, respectively and decreased to the basal level at 90 min. 2) Cyproheptadine or bromocriptine did not inhibit the response of ACTH to ovine CRF. 3) We suggest that cyproheptadine or bromocriptine does not inhibit the ACTH secretion in the normal pituitary gland.

정상과 갑상선 종양조직에서 사람 IGF-I 유전자의 발현

김성운,장현하,박상미,김덕윤,우정택,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,고석환,홍성화,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1993 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Many of the growth-promoting properties of growth hormone(GH) are mediated by insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I), a highly conserved circulating 70-amino acid peptide. Recent studies have shown that multiple mechanisms influence IGF-I gene expression, including transcription from two promoters, alternative RNA splicing, and variable polyadenylation. In thyroid tissue, thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) and IGF-I are the most possible candidates for follicular cell proliferation and hypertrophy. Actually IGF-I had autocrine and paracrine effect for tissue growing. We prepared thyroid tumor tissue mRNAs using single step method for detecting IGF-I levels according to different tissues, i.e., thyroid adenoma or papillary thyroid carcinoma. We used Northern blot analysis for IGF-I mRNA and RNase protection assay (RPA) for IGF-I transcription start sites. For Northern blot, we used whole human IGF-I cDNA as a DNA probe and for RPA, we used IGF-I exon 1 containing noncoding promoter 1 as a riboprobe. We got good RNA bands from Northern blot analysis around 1 kb (IGF-IA) and 7.5 kb (IGF-IB) region. To clarify the amount of both IGF-IA and IB mRNAs, we measured autoradiographied signal of IGF-I mRNAs bands using densitometer. In IGF-IA signals, there's no change among liver and thyroid tissues, but in case of IGF-IB mRNA bands, the signal was markedly increased in thyroid carcinoma tissues than that of normal thyroid tissue (85% vs 14%). In the study of RPA, all thyroid tissues used the same transcription start sites as those of liver's. We concluded that that this different regulation of IGF-I mRNA was originated from tissue specificity. That meant some tissue specific transcription factor/s were related to tissue IGF-I expression.