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이형철,안정희 한국초등과학교육학회 2005 초등과학교육 Vol.24 No.2
This study was intended to survey and analyze the illustrations of the elementary science textbooks in the 7th revised education curriculum in Korea, and to compare the results with the illustration organization of the elementary science textbooks of Japan. The analysis criterion was composed of two categories, the kind of illustration and the role of illustration. The kind of illustration was divided into five subcategories such as photograph, picture, illustration, cartoon and diagram. The role of illustration was divided into four subcategories such as motive induction, guidance for learning, the supply of material, the presentation of results. According to the analyzing criterion, the frequencies of relevant subcategories of illustrations in science textbooks were checked and arranged and the resultant data were analyzed by grades. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. Korean science textbooks have about 3.29 illustrations per page whereas Japanese ones have 4.11. Compared with Korean science textbooks, Japanese ones have more illustrations. 2. From the analysis of the kinds of the illustrations by grade basis, it was found that the order of percentage of illustrations is photograph, cartoon and picture in both countrys' science textbooks. Korean ones are highly dependent on photograph. As a contrast Japanese ones have more ratio of cartoon and picture than Korean science textbooks. 3. The analysis of the roles of the illustrations by grade basis showed that the role of guidance for learning is major in both countrys' science textbooks. The role of guidance for learning is prominent in Japanese ones, but in Korean ones, the role of guidance for learning is a little higher than that of the supply of material.
광센서를 위한 ZnO:Al 투명도전막의 제조 및 특성연구
박기철,이형기,심호섭 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 연차보고서 Vol.1995 No.-
RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링법으로 AZO(ZnO:Al)막을 증착시켰다. 타겟내의 Al_2O_3의 첨가량, 기판온도, 분위기압, RF출력 등의 증착조건의 변화에 따라 제조된 AZO막의 조성, Al 도핑양, 구조적 특성 등을 XRD, SEM, EDS 및 RBS로 조사하였다. 이와 함께 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 Hall 효과 및 광투과도 특성을 통하여 조사하였다. 증착된 AZO막은 육방정의 wurtzite 구조였으며 모든 증착조건에서 기판에 수직으로 성장하는 (002)면 방향을 가지는 c-축배향성을 나타내었다. 증착된 AZO막내의 AB 도핑량은 타겟내의 무게비에 비례하였으며 Zn : O의 조성비토 1 : 1로 거의 일정하였다. 투명도전막으로서의 최적조건은 3wt%의 Al_2O_3이 첨가된 타겟으로 기판온도가 150℃, 분위기압이 2mTorr, RF출력이 150W로 증착한 경우였으며 이 때 비저항은 4.7×10 exp (4)Ω㎝, 캐리어 농도는 7.5×10 exp (20)㎝^-3이었다. 또 두께가 1500Å인 막의 경우 550㎚에서 광투고도가 90%이상이었으며 광학적 밴드갭은 3.53eV였다. Aluminium doped zinc oxide(AZO)films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering method. The chemical compositions, doping concentrations, and the structural char-acteristics of the AzO films were studied in accordance with various deposition parameters, such as Al_2O_3 amount, substrate temperature and working pressure, by XRD, EDS, SEM and RBS. And The electrical and optical properties of AZO films were characterized by Hall effect and optical transmittance measurements. AZO films had were hexagonal wurtzite structure and dominent c-axis orientation. The Al doping concentration in the films were monotonically increased. The atomic ration of Zn : O were 1 : 1. The substrate, working pressure and rf power for optimum condition to fabricate the transparet conductive films using a target containing 3wt% Al_2O_3 were 150 ℃, 2mTorr and 150W, respectively. The resistivity and the carrier density of the AZO film prepared under this condition were 4.7 × 10 exp (-4) Ω㎝ and 7.5 × 10 exp (20) ㎝^-3, respectively. The optical transmittance of 1500 Å thick films at 550㎚ is ∼90% and optical energy band gap was 3.53eV.
김형철,이미식,최용성 釜山大學校 師範大學 2001 교사교육연구 Vol.40 No.-
Comtemporary approach to moral education emphasize propositional thinking and socratestic verbal discussion of abstract moral dilemmas. In contrast, this article proposes that narratives are a central factor in moral education and feministi moral education. Support for this position comes from recent theoretical contributions of Bruner, Hoffman, Maclntyre, Gilligan and others, who have emphasized narrative thought as a major form of cognition that is qualitatively different from abstract propositional thinking. By the way, narrative has the opposing two aspects regarding gender equality, both of liberating and repressive effects on moral education. Narrative method of character education and virtue education is related to the traditional male values. In this respect, narrative becomes a repressive space for women. However, women can make narrative as a liberating space for them by promoting gender equality. It is proposed that narratives and narrative thinking are especially involved in how these processes lead to moral development and therefore that narrative should be rehabilitated as a valuable part of feministi moral education.
김형철,최병학 釜山大學校 師範大學 2001 교사교육연구 Vol.40 No.-
Human history is an endless narrative. Human beings understand and interpret their world in a narrative. We see and listen to small narratives through myths and legends in order to make our self identification. Furthermore, we identify with larger community and realize our identity as a member of it. Narratives reveal an individual historical context which enables one to interpret human life and helps us to understand human behavior more concretely. Men make a narrative about their lives and it interwoves the past, Present and future into narrative structure. During this process moral problem is risen as a narrative of his individual life, and this meaningful horizon of narrative would be a momentum for understanding others as well as understanding himself. The objective phases revealed in a narrative functions as the ethic momentum with others. Constructing his life and experience into a story with these grounds makes it possible to understand human fundamentally. Considering these phases in relation to moral development, narrative makes it possible to understand the integrative phase of morality and shows the context of meaning which covers cognitive and affective area. For the moral development, the special importance and practical knowledge of narrative can reveal the meaning of human experience necessarily. Narrative has to do with our small narratives as well as literature, It is indicative of general human desire for narrative. Accordingly a narrative thought which can encompass the definitive and abstract principle needs to be deepened in relation to an educational purpose. This perspective demands an educational direction and a creative alternative.
李喆浩,崔周鎬,朴重春,孫嶺杰,朴鳳植,李炯貞 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-
배추 plug육묘 조건을 알아보기 위하여 상토 종류, 질소시비수준, plug트레이 배수공수준을 달리하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유묘출현율은 A상토<B상토<C상토의 順으로 높았고, 질소시비수준은 무비구에서 높고, 시비구에서는 90∼90ppm수준에서 높은 편이었으며 배수공수에 따라서는 배수공이 적은 128공구가 출현율이 높았다. 2. 幼苗의 葉발생도 A상토<B상토<C상토 순으로 높았고, 질소시비수준은 다비구(150ppm구)에서 엽수 5배로 최대엽수를 나타내었고, 배수공수에 따라서는 배수공이 적은 128공구가 높았다. 3. 엽장의 길이는 A상토구는 128공구에서 질소시비수준 120ppm에서 6.98cm로 가장 길었으며, B상토구에서 128배수공구의 시비수준 150ppm에서 12.41cm로 가장 길었고, C상토구에서도 128배수공구의 시비수준 150ppm에서 12.88cm, 200배수공구에서도 9.29cm로 가장 길었고 무비구에서는 공히 가장 짧았다. 4. 葉幅도 엽수와 엽장과 비슷한 경향으로 기비로 사용된 질소의 시비수준이 증가할수록 엽장이나 엽폭이 증가하여 B상토구의 150ppm 시비구에서 4.80cm로 최대치를 나타냈으며 시비량이 감소할수록 엽폭도 줄어드는 경향이였다. 5. 뿌리의 신장은 A상토구의 128배수공구에서 질소질 함량이 90∼120ppm수준의 범위내에서 신장이 양호하였으나 150ppm시비구에서는 불량한 반면, B와 C상토구에서는 90∼150ppm 모두에서 양호하였다. 6. 생체중과 건물중도 상토조성, 질소질비료 및 트레이 크기에 따라 모두 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 C상토구의 150ppm시비구에서 주당 3.0g의 생체중에서 최대치를 보였고 건물중 역시 C상토구의 150ppm시비구에서 4주에 600mg의 생체중의 증가를 보여 최대의 기록을 나타냈고 질소질의 농도 150ppm이 생체중 및 건물중 증가에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. The experiments were conducted to develop ideal substrates for the production of good quality in cabbage plug and also to improve the media with low or non environmental pollution by blending and mixing artificial substrate including peat moss, coir, perlite, vermiculite, carbonized rice hull and zeolite. In effects of soil substrate combination, nitrogen concentration and tray cell size on growing of 'Baekro', chinese cabbage, the ratio of seedling emergency in all fertilizer block was higher than non-fertilizer of nitrogen by 80%. The number of leaves were most increased in the 150ppm nitrogen solution of B block(coir 50%, vermiculite 10% and perlite+carbonized rice hull-zeolite 40%) and C block(coir 40%, vermiculite 20% and perlite+carbonized rice hull+zeolite 40%). The leaf length and leaf width were similar with that result in the number of leaves. Rooting condition was the best in the 90∼120ppm nitrogen solution of A block(TOSILI No1, SHINAN-JEONGMIL(Co)) in 128 tray cell size. The fresh weight and dry weight were increased as the order A<B<C in soil combination, were increased in the fertilizer which has more nitrogen concentration and were increased higher in 128 than 200 tray cell size, and chlorophyll concentration was the highest in the 150ppm nitrogen solution of A and B soil combination.
CaBaLaCu₃Oy의 초전도 특성과 고온 비저항 거동
이호섭,이형철 國立昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1990 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.2 No.-
The superconducting properties of CaBaLaCu₃Oy with Tc = 76K were reported. The X-ray diffraction pattern analysis shows that CaBaLaCu₃0y compound has tetragonal structure at room temperature. The superconductivity of this compound was confirmed from the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity and self-inductance between 300 K and 20 K. We also examined the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity p(T) in the range of 300 K and 900 K. From the linear behavior of p(T), the strength of electron-phonon coupling constant λ and the electron mean free pathℓ are obtained from the standard electron-phonon dissipation mechanism. Our estimated value of ?????? implies that the superconductivity of CaBaLaCu??0y may not to be interpreted only in terms of the photon-mediated electron-electron interaction.
두부 상하위가 운동후 회복기 심박수 및 혈압에 미치는 효과
한창욱,김형진,김철진 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1997 慶北醫大誌 Vol.38 No.1
목적 : 두부 상하위가 운동후 회복기 심혈관계 조절에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 20-23세 남자 대학생 31명을 대상으로 하여 3분간의 rebounder 운동을 실시한 후 15도의 두부상위, 15도의 두부하위 또는 앙와위에서 20분간 회복 중 심박수, 혈압 및 호흡수의 변화를 측정하였다. 대상자는 운동을 하지 않고 두부상위 (U, 6명) 또는 두부하위 (D, 6명)를 취한군과 운동후 두부상위 (EU, 7명), 두부하위 (ED, 6명) 또는 앙와위 (ES, 6명)를 취한 군으로 나누었다. 결과 : U 및 D군에서는 심박수, 혈압 및 호흡수에 유의한 변화가 없었다. EU군에서 운동후 1분에 심박수, 수축기 혈압 및 호흡수는 각각 109.2±17.9 beats/min, 168.3±7.6 mmHg 및 27.3±1.9 breaths/min로서 비운동군에 비해서는 유의하게 높았으나, 심박수는 안정시에 비해 유의한 증가를 보이지 않았고, 회복기 5분 이후 평균동맥압은 안정시 및 비운동군에 비해 낮은 경향을 보였다. ED군에서 운동후 1분에 심박수, 수축기 혈압 및 호흡수는 117.4±7.7 beats/min, 155.0±13.4mmHg 및 33.2±1.4 breaths/min로서 비운동군에 비해서는 유의하게 높았으나, 회복기 1 및 5분의 수축기 혈압은 ES 군에 비해 유의하게 낮았고, 평균동맥압은 회복기 1∼3분 동안 불안정하였고 5∼15분 사이에는 계속 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 결론 : 이상의 결과로 볼 때 운동후 회복기에 두부상위 자세는 동맥압 조절능력을 약화시키며 두부하위 자세는 동맥압 조절기전을 불안정하게 하는 것으로 생각된다. In an effort to elucidate the effect of head-up and down tilt on the cardiovascular regulation during recovery period after exercise, 31 healthy male college students aged between 20-23 yr were employed to exercise on a rebounder for 3 min and to take 15° head-up tilt, 15° head-down tilt or supine position for 20min during which heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were measured. The subjects were divided into 5 groups: head-up tilt without exercise (U, n=6), head-down tilt without exercise (D, n=6), head-up tilt after exercise (EU, n=7), head-down tilt after exercise (ED, n=6), supine position after exercise (ES, n=6). Heart rate and respiratory rate were measured from an electrocardiogram and pneumogram recored with a physiograph. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer. 1. In non-exercise groups (U, D), there were no significant change in heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. 2. During head-up tilt after exercise (EU), heart rate, systolic pressure and respiratory rate at 1 min were 109.2 ± 17.9 beats/min, 168.3 ± 7.6 ㎜Hg and 27.3 ± 1.9 breaths/min, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the non-exercise group (U). Heart rate did not show a significant increase compared with rest. Mean arterial pressure at 5 min and thereafter tended to be lower than at rest or in the non-exercise group. 3. During head-down tilt after exercise (ED), heart rate, systolic pressure and respiratory rate at 1 min were 117.4 ± 7.7 beats/min, 155.0 ± 13.4 ㎜Hg and 33.2 ± 1.4 breaths/min, respectively, which "were5 significantly higher than in the non-exercise group (D). Systolic pressure at 1 and 5 min was significantly lower than in the non-exercise group. Mean arterial pressure was unstable during 1-3 min and tended to progressively decrease during 5-15 min. It was concluded therefore that head-up tilt during recovery period after exercise might compromise the arterial pressure regulation system whereas head-down tilt might render the regulation mechanism unstable.
간세포암 파열의 영상소견 : 증례 보고 A Case Report
김일영,김현철,김형환,신형철 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2
Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious complication of HCC. Immediate diagnosis and proper management are important for prolongation of survival rate of the HCC patients. We experience spontaneous rupture of HCC with hemodynamic study of CT and performed hepatic angiography with embolization. Authors report imaging findings of spontaneous rupture of HCC.
短杭의 引拔低抗力과 SCALE EFFECT에 關한 實驗的 硏究
李裕根,尹龍喆,李炯來 진주산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.31 No.-
本 實驗은 杭의 직경을 변화시킨 경우 短杭의 引拔低抗力 實驗的으로 考察했다. 다음은 杭基礎의 引拔低抗力 實驗을 행한 결과를 요약한 것이다. 引拔低抗力과 變位量과의 關係에 있어서 地盤의 다짐정도에 따라 전체적 경향이 다르게 나타났다. 이는 전단대발생 Pattern의 차이가 원인인 것으로 생각할 수 있었지만 여기에 대한 상세한 것은 금후 발표할 예정이다. 그리고 地盤의 다짐정도가 클수록 限界 引拔低抗力은 根入深에 대해서 一次函數的으로 증가했지만 杭의 직경이 클수록 감소했다. 이는 杭의 Scale effect가 원인인 것으로 생각할 수 있지만 금후 상세한 검토를 행할 필요가 있다. 本 實驗에 있어서는 杭의 直徑 43㎜경우를 제외하면 Loose sand상태에 대해서만 實驗을 행하고 지금까지 연구발표된 결과를 토대로 고찰을 행했지만 금후 Dense sand 상태에서의 실험도 행할 필요가 있다. 또 실제 전단대발생에 의한 진행성파괴에 대해서 상세히 고찰할 필요가 있다. The uplift capacity and the scale effect of short piles are important to the rational design of pile foundation. Therefore, this paper discribes the results of an experimental consideration on the uplift capacity and scale effect of short pile. The Pile used in the pull-out test is the cylindrical concrete piles. Pile diameter is 43㎜, 66㎜ and 83㎜. The pile length of embedment is 20㎝~40㎝. Pull-out tests were carried out using sand have two densities : loose these results, the following conclusions were obtained : The rate of increase in ultimate uplift capacity become larger due to the increase in the pile length of the embedment and the unit weight of sand. The larger the pile diameter is, the larger ultimate uplift capacity increases. The larger the pile diameter is, the smaller ultimate uplift capacity per unit area decreases.