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Effect of Culture Conditions on the Production of Succinate by Enterococcus faecalis RKY1
Kang, Kui Hyun,Yun, Jong Sun,Ryu, Hwa Won 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2000 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.10 No.1
Bioconversion of fumarate to succinate was anaerobically conducted in a synthetic medium containing glycerol as a hydrogen donor and fumarate as a hydrogen acceptor. We investigated the effects of pH, carbon and nitrogen sources, conversion substrate, and other culture conditions on the production of succinate using a newly isolated Enterococcus faecalis RKY1. Addition of a variety of carbonates to the medium significantly increased the rates of production of succinate. The production of succinate and cell growth were relatively satisfactory in the pH range of 7.0-7.6. By using glycerol as a hydrogen donor, high purity succinate was produced with few byproducts. Yeast extract as a sole nitrogen source was the most effective for producing succinate. As a result, the optimum condition of bioconversion was obtained at a medium containing 20g/l glycerol, 50g/l fumarate, 15g/l yeast extract, 10g/l K_2HPO_4 1g/l NaCl, 50 ppm MgCl_2, .6H_2O, 10ppm FeSO_4, . 7H_2O, and 5g/l Na_2CO_3 at pH 7.0-7.6. Under the optimum condition, a succinate concentration of 153g/l was produced in 36h. The total volumetric production rate and the molar yield of succinate were 4.3g/l/h and 85%, respectively.
Ryu, Shi Hyun,Lee, Ji Min,Jang, Kuem-Hee,Choi, Eun Hwa,Park, Shin Ju,Chang, Cheon Young,Kim, Won,Hwang, Ui Wook Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2007 Molecules and cells Vol.24 No.3
<P>Regions (about 3.7-3.8 kb) of the mitochondrial genomes (rrnL-cox1) of two tardigrades, a heterotardigrade, Batillipes pennaki, and a eutardigrade, Pseudobiotus spinifer, were sequenced and characterized. The gene order in Batillipes was rrnL-V-rrnS-Q-I-M-nad2-W-C-Y-cox1, and in Pseudobiotus it was rrnL-V-rrnS-Q-M-nad2-W-C-Y-cox1. With the exception of the trnI gene, the two tardigrade regions have the same gene content and order. Their gene orders are strikingly similar to that of the chelicerate Limulus polyphemus (rrnL-V-rrnS-CR-I-Q-M-nad2-W-C-Y-cox1), which is considered to be ancestral for arthropods. Although the tardigrades do not have a distinct control region (CR) within this segment, the trnI gene in Pseudobiotus is located between rrnL-trnL1 and trnL2-nad1, and the trnI gene in Batillipes is located between trnQ and trnM. In addition, the 106-bp region between trnQ and trnM in Batillipes not only contains two plausible trnI genes with opposite orientations, but also exhibits some CR-like characteristics. The mitochondrial gene arrangements of 183 other protostomes were compared. 60 (52.2%) of the 115 arthropods examined have the M-nad2-W-C-Y-cox1 arrangement, and 88 (76.5%) the M-nad2-W arrangement, as found in the tardigrades. In contrast, no such arrangement was seen in the 70 non-arthropod protostomes studied. These are the first non-sequence molecular data that support the close relationship of tardigrades and arthropods.</P>
Won-Bo Shim,Gyeongyeol Kim,Hee-Jung Ryu,Minji Nam,Duck-Hwa Chung 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.3
A one-step simultaneous immunchromatographic (OS-ICG) assay using colloidal gold-monoclonal antibody (gold-MAb) conjugates was developed for the rapid multianalysis of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in feed samples. Visual detection limits for AFB1 and OTA were 0.5 and 2.5 ng/㎖, respectively, and the results were obtained within 15 min. Matrix interference from the feed extracts was efficiently reduced by appropriate dilution with buffer. Cut-off values of the OS-ICG assay for the feed spiked with AFB1/OTA mixtures (5/5, 10/10, 25/25, 50/55, 100/100 ㎍/㎏) were 10 and 50 ㎍/㎏ for AFB1 and OTA. The comparative analyses of 65 feed samples by OS-ICG, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed good agreement. In this study, we confirmed that simultaneous analysis based on immunoassay is possible and it can be used as an on-site multianalysis of AFB1 and OTA in feed, food, and agricultural products.
Gene Expression Profiles Related with TCDD-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Ryu, Yeon-Mi,Kim, Ki-Nam,Kim, Yu-Ri,Sohn, Sung-Hwa,Seo, Sang-Hui,Lee, Seung-Ho,Kim, Hye-Won,Won, Nam-Hee,Kim, Meyoung-Kon The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2005 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.1 No.3
Toxicological studies have an object of detecting adverse effects of a chemical on an organism based on observed toxicity marker (i.e., serum biochemical markers and chemical-specific gene expression) or phenotypic outcome. To date, most toxicogenomic studies concentrated on hepatic toxicity. cDNA microarray analysis enable discrimination of the responses in animals exposed to different classes of hepatotoxicants. In an effort to further characterize the mechanisms of 2, 3, 7, 8,-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin)-mediated toxicity, comprehensive temporal-responsive microarray analyses were performed on hepatic tissue from Sprague-Dawley rats treated with TCDD. Hepatic gene expression profiles were monitored using custom DNA chip containing 490 cDNA clones related with toxicology. Gene expression analysis identified 26 features which exhibited a significant change. In this study, we observed that the genes related with oxidative stress in rats exposed to Dioxin, such as CYPIIA3 and glutathione S-transferase, were up-regulated at 24hr after exposure. In this study, we carried out to discover novel evidence for previously unknown gene expression patterns related to mechanism of hepatic toxicity in rats exposed to dioxin, and to elucidate the effects of dioxin on the gene expression after exposure to dioxin.
Ryu, Hwa-Sung,Singh, Jitendra Kumar,Lee, Han-Seung,Ismail, Mohamed A.,Park, Won-Jun Elsevier BV 2017 Construction and Building Materials Vol.133 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is proved that inhibitors control or reduce the onset time of corrosion of steel rebars. The nitrite based i.e. sodium or calcium nitrite corrosion inhibitor is very popular and significantly reduces the corrosion of steel rebars. In this study, the effect of LiNO<SUB>2</SUB> was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic studies. This inhibitor showed 63.67% efficiency at [Cl<SUP>−</SUP>/NO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>]=0.6 in Ca(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> solution contaminated with 0.99g/L NaCl. LiNO<SUB>2</SUB> works as mixed type corrosion inhibitor by stabilizing the iron oxides/hydroxides in their stable form and stifle the corrosion of steel rebar.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effective molar ratio of [Cl<SUP>−</SUP>/NO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>] is 0.6 in Ca(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> with 0.99g/L NaCl. </LI> <LI> LiNO<SUB>2</SUB> facilitate to transform unstable oxides into stable form i.e. Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. </LI> <LI> LiNO<SUB>2</SUB> works as mixed corrosion inhibitor to stifle the corrosion of steel. </LI> </UL> </P>
Anti-complement Effects of Anion-Substituted Poly(vinyl alcohol) Membranes
Ryu, Kyu-Eun,Rhim, Hyang-Shuk,Park, Chong-Won,Chun, Heung-Jae,Hong, Seung-Hwa,Kim, Young-Chai,Lee, Young-Moo The Polymer Society of Korea 2004 Macromolecular Research Vol.12 No.1
In a continuation of our previous studies on blood compatibility profiles of anion-substituted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes, in which hydroxyl groups have been replaced with carboxymethyl (C-PVA) and sulfonyl groups (S-PVA), we have studied the activation of complement components and the changes in white cell and platelet count in vitro and compared them with those of unmodified PVA, Cuprophane, and low-density polyethylene. Complement activation of fluid phase components, C3a, Bb, iC3b, and SC5b-9, and of bound phases, C3c, C3d, and SC5b-9, were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot, respectively. The changes in the number of white cells and platelets following complement activation were counted using a Coulter counter. C-PVA and S-PVA activated C3 to a lesser extent than did PVA, which we attribute to the diminished level of surface nucleophiles of the samples. In addition, C- and S-PVA exhibit increased inhibition of Bb production, resulting in a decrease in the extent of C5 activation. Consequently, because of the reduced activation of C3 and C5, C- and S-PVA samples cause marked decreases in the SC5b-9 levels in plasma. We also found that the negatively charged sulfonate and carboxylate groups of the samples cause a greater extent of adsorbtion of the positively charged anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a, because of strong electrostatic attraction, which in turn provides an inhibition of chemotaxis and activation of leukocytes. The ability to inhibit complement production, together with the binding ability of anaphylatoxins of the C- and S-PVA samples, leads to a prominent decrease in lysis of leukocytes as well as activation of platelets.
Hwa-Sung Ryu,Deuck-Mo Kim,Sang-Heon Shin,Seung-Min Lim,Won-Jun Park 한국콘크리트학회 2018 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.12 No.2
Recycled aggregates (RAs) production techniques are essential for the material circulation society because RAs from demolished concrete waste can sustainably be reused as a concrete material. However, RAs can bring about several performance decreases when they are used for recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) because of the low qualities (i.e., high water-absorption rate and low density) caused by the attached hydrated cement paste on the RA surface. Therefore, both the production of high-quality RAs and the surface modification of RAs are significantly important for the extension of RAC utilization. This paper focuses on the surface modification of RFA to reduce the water absorption rate and increase density. Hydrofluorosilicic acid (H₂SiF6), which is one of the by-products in phosphoric acid manufacture, is used herein for the surface modification of the RFA. The physical properties and mechanical performance of mortar using RFA were evaluated after RFA modification. Consequently, the proposed method is effective in reducing water absorption rate and increasing density of RFA. The density of RFAs was slightly increased by 0.5–2.6% after modification. On the other hand, the water absorption rate decreased by 4–18% after modification. The compressive strengths of mortar at 28 days ages showed 18.1 MPa with modified RFA and 16.2 MPa with RFA.
Potential Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Fruits of <i>Paulownia tomentosa</i>
Ryu, Hyung Won,Park, Yhun Jung,Lee, Su Ui,Lee, Seoghyun,Yuk, Heung Joo,Seo, Kyeong-Hwa,Kim, Yeah-Un,Hwang, Bang Yeon,Oh, Sei-Ryang American Chemical Society and American Society of 2017 Journal of natural products Vol.80 No.10
<P>As part of an ongoing search for new natural products from medicinal plants to treat respiratory disease, six new compounds, a dihydroflavonol (1) and five C-geranylated flavanones (3, 6, 8, 13, and 14), and 13 known compounds were isolated from mature fruits of Paulownia tomentosa. The structures of the new compounds were determined via interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR, ECD, and MS). In biological activity assays with human alveolar basal epithelial cells, the expression of TNF-alpha-induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and IL-6) was reduced significantly by the EtOAc fraction of a P. tomentosa extract as well as by the new compounds isolated from this fraction. Furthermore, the majority of the isolates (1-19 except 5-7) were found to inhibit human neutrophil elastase (HNE) activity, with IC50 values ranging from 2.4 +/- 1.0 to 74.7 +/- 8.5 mu M. In kinetic enzymatic assays with the HNE substrate MeOSuc-AAPV-pNA, compound 17 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (K-i = 3.2 mu M) via noncompetitive inhibition. These findings suggest that the flavanone constituents of P. tomentosa fruits may be valuable for the development of new drug candidates to treat airway inflammation.</P>