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The Incidence and Wage Effects of Overeducation: The Case of Taiwan
Chun-Hung A. Lin,Chun-Hsuan Wang 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2005 Journal of Economic Development Vol.30 No.1
This paper, based on data from Survey of Family Income and Expenditure of Taiwan, shows that the recent trends of job match in Taiwan labor market have been marked by increasing proportion of overeducated workers due to the higher education expansion policy, while the incidence of undereducation continues to decline. Furthermore, workers’ economic position is not completely determined by their educational levels. Working experience also plays an important role in workers’ job placement and their wages. Workers with relatively less working experience are more likely to be overeducated, while workers with relatively more working experience are more likely to be undereducated. Overeducated (Undereducated) workers would earn more (less) than their co-workers with adequate education but less (more) than the workers having the same educational level with adequate education for jobs. However, the rewards (penalties) to adequate education and overeducation (undereducation) decline as more experience accumulated. Evidence also shows effect of bumping down from overeducation on the wages and employment of lower educated workers.
3.2-kW 9.7-GHz Polarization-maintaining Narrow-linewidth All-fiber Amplifier
Hang Liu,Yujun Feng,Xiaobo Yang,Yao Wang,Hongming Yu,Jue Wang,Wanjing Peng,Yanshan Wang,Yinhong Sun,Yi Ma,Qingsong Gao,Chun Tang 한국광학회 2024 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.8 No.1
We present a Yb-doped narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining (PM) all-fiber amplifier that achieves a high mode-instability (MI) threshold, high output power, and 9.7-GHz spectral linewidth. Six wavelength-multiplexed laser diodes are used to pump this amplifier. First, we construct a high-power fiber amplifier based on a master oscillator-power amplifier (MOPA) configuration for experiments. Subsequently, we examine the MI threshold by individually pumping the amplifier with wavelengths of 976, 974, 981, 974, and 981 nm respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the amplifier exhibits a high MI threshold (>3.5 kW) when pumped with a combination of wavelengths at 974 and 981 nm. Afterward, we inject an optimized phase-modulated seed with a nearly flat-top spectrum into this amplifier. Ultimately, laser output of 3.2 kW and 9.7 GHz are obtained.
The Presence of Borrelia valaisiana-Related Genospecies in Ticks and a Rodent in Taiwan
Chun-Man Huang,Hsi-Chieh Wang,Ying-Chun Lin,Shih-Hui Chiu,Ying-Shun Kao,Pei-Lung Lee,Hsiu-I Wang,Ruei-Chen Hung,Huang-I Chan,Ho-Sheng Wu,Chuen-Sheue Chiang,Jung-Jung Mu 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.6
A field survey was conducted to investigate the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in six counties of Taiwan. Spirochetes were successfully isolated from one rodent ear sample out of 485 rodent ears and 53live, fed tick (Ixodes granulatus) samples. The spirochetes were confirmed to be B. burgdorferi s.l. by real-time PCR. In addition, 23 of 113 tick samples were tested positive for Borrelia DNA according to real-time PCR. The Borrelia isolate from the rodent and the 23 Borrelia DNA samples from the ticks were identified as B. valaisiana-related genospecies by phylogenetic analysis based on flagellin gene sequences. These findings suggest that the Borrelia valaisiana-related strains are maintained in a zoonotic cycle between tick vectors and reservoir hosts in Taiwan.
Limiting the Number of Open Projects to Shorten the NPD Schedule
Wang, Miao-Ling,Yang, Chun-I,Chang, Sheng-Hung Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2011 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.10 No.1
Many companies open multiple projects simultaneously due to market trends, which results in a crowding out effect because of limited resources. R&D engineers become overloaded and scheduling of product development is delayed resulting in timing misses and lost sales leads. The company in this case study (Company A), often opens up many projects simultaneously in order to respond to market needs quickly. The engineers are overloaded and, of course, the schedule is delayed. In order to identify problems, Company A began using Dr. Goldratt's Thinking Processes (TP) during new product development (NPD). When the analysis phase of TP was completed, Company A's core problem was identified as "the quantity of kick-off projects." Consequently, new rules and conditions and procedures were proposed for the opening, suspending, stopping, and closing of projects. Finally, the "Future Reality Tree" ensured that the proposed rules, conditions and procedures were set up as an available solution approved for practical application by executives. After a one-year trial run, the results showed that the Project Duration Rate was reduced by 53%, the Project Closed Rate was increased by 140% and the Project on Time Rate was increased from 10% to 68%. The above results give significant evidence of the benefits of the proposed methodology.
Wang Li-Kai,Lin Yao-Tsung,Chen Jui-Tai,Lan Winnie,Hung Kuo-Chuan,Chen Jen-Yin,Liu Kuei-Jung,Yen Yu-Chun,Chou Yun-Yun,Cherng Yih-Giun,Tam Ka-Wai 대한마취통증의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.76 No.4
Background: Shared decision making using patient decision aids (PtDAs) was established over a decade ago, but few studies have evaluated its efficacy in Asian countries. We therefore evaluated the application of PtDAs in a decision conflict between two muscle relaxant reversal agents, neostigmine and sugammadex, and sequentially analyzed the regional differences and operating room turnover rates.Methods: This multicenter, outcome-assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial included 3,132 surgical patients from two medical centers admitted between March 2020 and August 2020. The patients were randomly divided into the classical and PtDA groups for pre-anesthesia consultations. Their clinicodemographic characteristics were analyzed to identify variables influencing the choice of reversal agent. On the day of the pre-anesthesia consultation, the patients completed the four SURE scale (sure of myself, understand information, risk-benefit ratio, encouragement) screening items. The operating turnover rates were also evaluated using anesthesia records. Results: Compared with the classical group, the PtDA group felt more confident about receiving sufficient medical information (P < 0.001), felt better informed about the advantages and disadvantages of the medications (P < 0.001), exhibited a superior understanding of the benefits and risks of their options (P < 0.001), and felt surer about their choice (P < 0.001). Moreover, the PtDA group had a significantly greater tendency to choose sugammadex over neostigmine (P < 0.001). Conclusions: PtDA interventions in pre-anesthesia consultations provided surgical patients with clear knowledge and better support. PtDAs should be made available in other medical fields to enhance shared clinical decision-making.
Clinical Significance of SH2B1 Adaptor Protein Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Zhang, Hang,Duan, Chao-Jun,Chen, Wei,Wang, Shao-Qiang,Zhang, Sheng-Kang,Dong, Shuo,Cheng, Yuan-Da,Zhang, Chun-Fang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5
The SH2B1 adaptor protein is recruited to multiple ligand-activated receptor tyrosine kinases that play important role in the physiologic and pathologic features of many cancers. The purpose of this study was to assess SH2B1 expression and to explore its contribution to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: SH2B1 expression in 114 primary NSCLC tissue specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patients' outcome. Additionally, 15 paired NSCLC background tissues, 5 NSCLC cell lines and a normal HBE cell line were evaluated for SH2B1 expression by RT-PCR and immunoblotting, immunofluorescence being applied for the cell lines. Results: SH2B1 was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and NSCLC cell lines. More importantly, high SH2B1 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence respectively. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high SH2B1 expression had both poorer disease-free survival and overall survival than other patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that SH2B1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the SH2B1 protein may contribute to the malignant progression of NSCLC and could offer a novel prognostic indicator for patients with NSCLC.
Limiting the Number of Open Projects to Shorten the NPD Schedule
Miao-Ling Wang,Chun-I Yang,Sheng-Hung Chang 대한산업공학회 2011 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.10 No.1
Many companies open multiple projects simultaneously due to market trends, which results in a crowding out effect because of limited resources. R&D engineers become overloaded and scheduling of product development is delayed resulting in timing misses and lost sales leads. The company in this case study (Company A), often opens up many projects simultaneously in order to respond to market needs quickly. The engineers are overloaded and, of course, the schedule is delayed. In order to identify problems, Company A began using Dr. Goldratt"s Thinking Processes (TP) during new product development (NPD). When the analysis phase of TP was completed, Company A"s core problem was identified as "the quantity of kick-off projects." Consequently, new rules and conditions and procedures were proposed for the opening, suspending, stopping, and closing of projects. Finally, the "Future Reality Tree" ensured that the proposed rules, conditions and procedures were set up as an available solution approved for practical application by executives. After a one-year trial run, the results showed that the Project Duration Rate was reduced by 53%, the Project Closed Rate was increased by 140% and the Project on Time Rate was increased from 10% to 68%. The above results give significant evidence of the benefits of the proposed methodology.
( Nanhui Ye ),( Hang Wang ),( Jing Hong ),( Tao Zhang ),( Chaotong Lin ),( Chun Meng ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.1
The pregnane X receptor (PXR), a liver and intestine specific receptor,, has been reported to be related with the repression of inflammation as well as activation of cytochromosome P450 3A (CYP3A) expression. We examined the effect of PXR on tetrachloromethane (CCl4)-induced mouse liver inflammation in this work. Ginkgolide A, one main component of Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBE), activated PXR and enhanced PXR expression level, displayed both significant therapeutic effect and preventive effect against CCl4-induced mouse hepatitis. siRNA-mediated decrease of PXR expression significantly reduced the efficacy of Ginkgolide A in treating CCl4-induced inflammation in mice. Flavonoids, another important components of GBE, were shown antiinflammatory effect in a different way from Ginkgolide A which might be independent on PXR because flavonoids significantly inhibited CYP3A11 activities in mice. The results indicated that anti-inflammatory effect of PXR might be mediated by enhancing transcription level of IkBa through binding of IkBa. Inhibition of NF-kB activity by NF-kB-specific suppressor IkBa is one of the potential mechanisms of Ginkgolide A against CCl4-induced liver inflammation.