김정한 소설어 연구 -민중성의 구현을 중심으로-

한창석 ( Chang Suk Han ) 한민족문화학회 2011 한민족문화연구 Vol.36 No.-

본고는 다음에 대략 네 가지 문제의식을 상정하고 이에 대한 답을 도출하고자 하였다. 첫째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 창조가 아닌 복원인가? 김정한이 천착한 민중의 삶은 과거에서 현재까지 지속적인 것이었다. 허구나 전망이기 보다 증언이므로 신어나 조어가 아니라 삶의 모습을 복원하고 재현할 기존의 어휘를 소설어로 살려쓰기 위한 노력을 기울인다. 둘째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 민중어인가? 민중의 삶을 증언하는 것은 민중의 언어로 이루어져야 한다. 아울러, 민중의 삶을 생동감 있게 증언하기 위해서는 추상어가 아닌 감각어, 생활어, 고유어로 이루어져야 한다. 셋째, 김정한의 소설어는 어떤 방식으로 작가의식의 구현에 기여하는가? ① 민중의 조락상(凋落相)의 증언; 빈궁어의 전경화 ② 민중어의 갈래; 속담과 관용어/한자성어/고유어/감각어/종교어 ③ 민중과 반(反)민중의 이분법; 구체성과 연대성 넷째, 민중과 반(反)민중의 대립구도는 어떻게 규정되는가? 민중을 수탈하고 질곡으로 몰아넣는 계급(일제, 친일파, 지주, 부패승려, 권력층)은 반민중성을 지닌다. 그런데 김정한 소설에는 반(反)민중의 역할을 수행하는 인물군의 경우에도 계급적으로는 민중의 일원인 경우가 나타난다. 따라서 반민중적 인물은 지위나 신분이 아닌 역할에 따라 판별해야 할 것이다. This manuscript is about to come up the following four kinds of the consciousness of question and obtain the answer for that. 1. What Kim chung han`s novel language is called not creation but restoration for? The populace life that Kim chung han has scrutinized is continuous up to the present time from the past. As it is a testimony to a fabrication or a prospect. The existing language reappearing and restoring their original looks rather than the need for new vocabulary to be selected as the novel language. 2. Why is Kim chung han`s novel language called as the populace language? Testifying the populace language. In addition, to testify the populace life actively. It has to be established not as an abstract language but a sensual language, a living language and their own language. 3.What`s split for language inquire into Kim chung han`s writer`s consciousness? This manuscript describe it separately as follows ① The testimony of a populace`s withering situation: The aspect of poor language. ② The restoration of a populace`s language: a proverb and idiom/idiom/chinese proverb/a existing language/a sensual language/religion language. ③ The bisect method between the populace and anti- the populace: the confrontation expression on a person and the situation. 4. Can the composition of confrontation between the populace and anti-the populace be shown effectively or pertinently? the concept language of the anti-the populace should be careful to adapt generally in the range and the standard of using, because in case of the persons performing the role of the anti-populace in work, the birth might be belonged to the members of the populace. accordingly, It is reasonable to get through the composition of confrontation with the bisect method of the populace under the key point of the role of an exploiter and a person deprived.

Expansion Analysis of Subsea Pipe-In-Pipe Due to High Temperature and High Pressure Product

HAN­SUK CHOI(최한석),HYUN-MO SON(손현모),SI-YOUNG KIM(김시영) 한국해양공학회 2002 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.16 No.5

본 논문은 고온 고압의 유류 수송용 이중배관의 팽창에 대한 해석적 방법에 대한 결과고찰과 해석, 그리고 설계시 응용이 가능한 현상에 대해 논하였다. 고온의 유류수송시 온도를 유지할 목적으로 내부의 수송 배관과 외부의 케이싱 배관사이에 절연체가 쓰여진다. 이런 이중배관의 팽창을 조사할 수 있는 간단한 해석적 방법이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서는 온도의 분포, 압력, 토질의 저항, 수송배관과 케이싱배관과의 상호작용 등이 고려되어졌으며, 이 해석적 방법은 심해의 이중배관 해석에 적합하게 개발되었다. 계산의 결과 분석에서 고온의 영향이 고압보다 현저한 것이 밝혀졌다.

괴로국의 민족주의에 관한 연구 : 초기 만주국의 몽골과 한족

韓錫政 東亞大學校 1997 東亞論叢 Vol.34 No.-

Although there have been numerous attempts at defining and defining and clarifying the meaning of nation and nationalism, there is still not much consensus. Recent years again witness a flux within the discussion. It is suggested either in relationship with the great system, like colonialism or world system, or in connection with narratives. My position is somewhere in between. The idea of nation is “created” in relationship with the phenomenal system. but it is a floating notion, across the will of the creators. In Manchukuo, the idea of “Manchukuoans” were suggested by the managers of the puppet state in the hope of being acknowledged by the outside world polity. They were modern people. Modernity became an ethos in early Manchukuo. Once created, however, the notion curbed the alien rulers. For the nation had to be cared by “the sovereign state ” Mongols and Han-Chinese (or members of the manchukuoans) were somewhat protected in this vein. The idea of nation can be defined as fluidity which can be shaped in the container of the nation state but can be spilled over the clothes of the

가축분뇨를 이용한 SCP 생산 균주의 분리 및 균체 단백질 생산

한석균,고유석,안태영,배동훈 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

질소원으로서 계분을 이용하는 균주를 선별하고 계분배지에서 균체의 생육속도가 다른 균주에 비하여 우수한 균주를 분리하였다. 형태·생리학적 특성을 기초로 하여 yeast의 분류 기준과 비교하여 본 균주를 Candida sp.로 동정하였으며 본 균주를 Candida sp. D116으로 명명하였다. Poultry feces extract medium에서 4% 농도의 glucose 첨가가 균체 생육에 효과적이었다. D116 균주를 액체 발효하여 균체생산능, 요산 그리고 가용성 단백질의 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 약 60시간이 경과하면 액체 발효 배지내의 거의 모든 가용성 단백질 및 요산의 감소를 보였으며 균체생육은 약 36시간 배양하였을 때 최고조에 도달하였고 그 후에는 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. SCP의 대량생산의 결과 50%의 계분혼합 배지와 30℃의 배양 온도에서 36시간 배양하여 균주의 생육수준이 3.8×10^9 CFU/ml 농도의 균체를 생산하였고 200 L의 배양액중 약 870 g-dw의 균체를 얻었으며 생산된 군체의 조단백질 함량은 67%이었다. Production of Single Cell Protein from Poultry Feces. Suk-kyun Han, You-Suk Go, Tae-Young Ahn and Dong-Hoon Bal^1*. Deparment of Microbioligy, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook Univerity, Cheonan 330-714 and Research Center for Molecular Microbiology, Seoul Nationa University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, ^1Department of Food Engineering. College of Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714 and Bioproducts Research Center of Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea - From the soil collected form provincial area of South Korea, a microorganisms which have been shown good growth in the minimal poultry feces extract medium was isolated. Supplement of glucose to the poultry feces extract medium helped the complete degraded during the microbial growth. Maximum cell growth (3.8×10^9 CFU/ml) obtained at 36 hours of incubation after inoculation. Uric acid was degraded faster in minimal medium that in the glucose complement medium. VFA (volatile fatty acid), which are known as major compounds of poultry feces odor, were almost removed from the minimal poultry feces extract medium. Glucose supplement to the minimal medium enhanced the growth of microbial cells. Addition of 4% of glucose and 4% of neopeptone to the minimal poultry feces extract medium helped the maximal growth of cells.

정책연구의 특성과 한계에 관한 연구

한석태 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2014 한국사회과학연구 Vol.35 No.3

이 글의 목적은 과학 활동의 하나로서 정책연구가 가지는 특성과 한계를 논하는 것이다. 논의를 위해 철학적, 과학적, 실용적이라는 세 가지 측면으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 철학적 측면에서는 가치판단의 주관적 성격으로 인해 정책목표의 사회적합의가 어려운 것이 문제이다. 과학적 측면에서 보면, 인과관계의 유무와 강도에 대한 이론적 부정확성 때문에 정책결과를 정확히 예측하는 것이 어렵다는 약점이 있다. 사회문제 해결이라는 실용적 관점에서는, 문제정의 및 평가기준의 정치성이 정책에 대한 과학적 연구를 저해하는 주된 요인으로 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics and limitations of public policy study. The source of limitations could be classified into three categories. They are philosophical, scientific, and practical dimensions. In philosophical dimension, because of the subjective nature of the valuation of policy objectives, it's very hard to reach social consensus about it. In scientific dimension, because of the imperfect knowledge about causal relationships between two or more variables, it's difficult to accurately predict policy results. Finally, from a practical point of view, the political nature of problem definition and evaluation criteria are main impediments to scientific research.

사체 신 이식의 현황과 전망 : 서울 중앙병원 임상예를 중심으로 Review of Asan Medical Center cases

한덕종,박광민,김석구 울산대학교 의과대학 1993 울산의대학술지 Vol.2 No.1

Now, indeed, the renal transplantation is one of the essential tretment modality to cure the end-stage renal diseases. But the main limitation of successful renal transplantation is shortage of transplantable human organs. In this point of view, cadaveric organ transplantation is a way to cope with such an organ shortage. Recently we performed 27 cases of cadaveric renal transplantation despite of many obstacles caused by socio-cultural background of our people. In this article we reviewed the early results of cadaveric renal transplantations in Asan Medical Center and described the future prospects briefly.

食品添加物이 Custard 製造 및 全卵의 加熱에 미치는 影響

韓錫鉉,黃七星,裵台鉉 건국대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

In this work, various components of custard were studied to determine the effects of stirring on heat coagulation when manufactured by whole egg custard (1), egg white custard (2) and egg yolk custard (3) in the ratio of 244 g of milk, 48g egg, 25g sugar. Nine lots from three kinds of custard were designed and stirring treatment was used for all lots; lotA, lotB, and lotC from each custard treated by method of blending (r.p.m; 900) for 5 seconds, 1 minute, and 3 minutes respectively. Sensual test, density of coagulation, shrinkage etc, were discussed. On the other experiment, another 9 lots of custard including control lot were prepared to estimate the theological transformation of heat coagulation in case of adding general annexes of food to the whole egg liquid; control lot was composed of whole egg 100ml only, distilled water 5% (T1), sugar 5g (T2) salt 5g (T3), soyhean oil 5% (T4), wheat meal 5g (T5), milk 5% (T6), monosodium glutamate 0.5g (T7), vinegar 5% (T8) was added to whole egg 100ml of each treatment lot respectively. All the samples were cooked by heating at the temperature of 85 ± 1℃. They were followed by sensual test and observation of penetration value, shrinkage, pH etc. The results obtained in this study were as follows ; 1. In sensual test, whole egg and egg yolk custard was favorable but egg white custard was not. 2. The treatment lot blending fur one minute was superior in relation to any other lots. 3. The extent of shrinkage of custard was increased according to the increase of stirring period. 4. The more the custard was agitated, the darker its color was changed. 5. The analysis of variance on the penetration value to estimate the rheological transformation of heat coagulation by adding annexes of food to egg showed highly significant of 1 % level (p > 0.01). 6. As a result of L.S.D. test among average values of each treatment, there were significant differences only in T8: T5, T6, T3, T7, T4, C, and T2, and T1: T5, T6, and T5: T7, T4, T2, C. 7. In effect of annexes of flood on heat coagulation of egg, the tenderness of custard was in the rank of T8>T1>T2>C>T4>T7> T3>T6> T5. In comparison with control, vinegar distilled water and sugar was appeared as deterrent and soybean oil, mono-sodium glutamate, salt, milk and wheat meal speeded up coagulation. 8. High significant was indicated by 1% level (p>0.01) in impact of food additives on shrinkage. Sugar used in T2 made the greatest influence on shrinkage (3.52%) and milk used in T6, the least. (0.5%) 9. T2 with sugar and T6 with milk was equally on the highest score 54; and T3 with salt of 43, T1, T7 C let was similarly 40, 39, 38, respectively. T4 and T5 lot were the same score of 35, T8 with vinegar was the worst as the score of 31. 10. pH value of custard with various flood additives was in the constant state of neutrality before heating except a lot with vinegar (pH 5.4) but after heating all the lots of neutrality were changed toward alkali. (pH 7.8 ∼ 8.5). On the other hand, the lot treated with vinegar, which had been acidity before heating, toward neutrality (pH 6.8). 11. There was a general tendency of being more comfact hardness in an external appearance as the pH value was raised upward alkali.

정책분석에서의 예측과 불확실성에 관한 연구

한석태 청주대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 한국사회과학연구 Vol.26 No.1

정책은 정부가 달성하려는 미래의 바람직한 상태에 대한 하나의 수단이다. 그런데 정책집행을 통해 의도했던 결과가 나타난다는 것은 결국 정책과 그것의 결과 간에 인과적 관계를 전제하는 것이다. 만일 의도했던 결과가 나타나지 않거나 오히려 부정적인 폐해가 나타난다면 그것은 자원의 손실이고 국민에게 피해를 주는 것이다. 그러므로 정책을 시행하기 전에 정책문제가 미래에 어떻게 전개될지 또는 정책이 집행되면 과연 원하는 결과가 나타날 것인가에 대한 예측과 분석이 매우 중요하다. 그러나 미래의 상태나 결과를 예측한다는 것은 수많은 영향요인들의 동태성과 복잡성으로 인한 불확실성 때문에 매우 어려운 작업이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제의식에서 출발하여 정책분석에서의 예측에 관한 방법론적 유형으로 추세연장, 이론적 토대, 직관적 방법이라는 세 가지로 나누어 구체적 기법들을 검토하였다. 또한 예측과정에 필히 직면하는 불확실성의 문제에 관해서 그 원인과 유형 그리고 대처방안을 논하였다. 불확실성의 대처방안으로는 기본적으로 감소전략과 수용전략이 있다고 보았으며, 이는 상호 배타적인 것이 아니라 보완적 관계에 있다고 보았다. 그리고 감소전략과 수용전략 각각에 있어 정책결정자가 사용하는 구체적 방법들을 과학적, 행정관리적, 정치적 수단의 세 범주로 나누어 논하였다. Forecasting in policy analysis is a procedure for producing factual information about future states of society on the basis of prior information about policy problems. Forecasts takes three principal forms. They are projections, predictions, and conjectures. A projection is a forecast which is based on the extrapolation of current and historical trends into the future. A prediction is a forecast based on theoretical assumptions. And a conjecture is a forecast based on informed or expert judgement about future states of society. Forecasting future states of society and policy results is very difficult task because of uncertainty due to the dynamics and complexity of policy environment. We discuss the source and level of uncertainty which policy makers encounter in analysis of policy problem. And strategies of coping with uncertainty are also discussed. There are two categories of strategy to cope with uncertainty. They are reducing uncertainty and acknowledging uncertainty. The former is to reduce uncertainty or remove it altogether. And the latter can be applied when reducing uncertainty is unfeasible or too costly. Policy makers can acknowledge uncertainty by taking it into account in selecting a course of action and by preparing to avoid of confront potential risks. In the latter part of this article we discuss many tactics of coping with uncertainty, which are classified into scientific tactics, managerial tactics and political tactics.

프란츠 카프카의 수용현상

한석종 慶北大學校 人文科學硏究所 1991 人文 科學 Vol.7 No.-

정책의 구성요소와 정당성에 관한 고찰

한석태 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2015 한국사회과학연구 Vol.36 No.2

정책의 구성요소에 관한 기존의 연구들은 각기 다양한 요소를 제시하였지만, 정책목표, 정책수단, 정책대상집단을 공통적으로 언급하고 있다. 본 연구는 정책은 합리적이어야 한다는 관점에서 볼 때 합리성이 정책의 구성요소로 첨가될 필요성을 제안하였다. 학자들은 합리성과 정당성을 유사한 개념으로 취급하고 있는데, 지금까지 정당성에 관한 연구는 주로 능률성이나 효과성과 같은 내용적 합리성에 초점을 맞춘 공리주의적 관점에 치중한 문제가 있었다. 내용적 정당성이 물론 중요하지만, 참여와 담론이 보장되는 절차적 정당성이 대등하게 강조되어야 한다고 본다. 이론적으로 경제적(내용적) 정당성을 인정할 수 있는 정책이라고 해도 정치적(절차적) 정당성을 결여한다면, 집단갈등이나 대상 집단의 불응과 같은 사회적 비용이 커짐으로써 결과적으로 경제적 정당성조차 달성하기 어렵기 때문이다. This paper intends to discuss policy components theoretically with much emphasis on policy justification. Previous studies on the policy components suggested a variety of elements respectively. However, policy goals, policy instruments, and policy target groups are commonly referred to. This paper proposed that the justification needs to be added as a policy component. More often than not, the word rationality is treated as synonymous with justification. Lots of earlier research have been focused on the utilitarianism or substantive rationality for evaluating justification. Of course, substantive justification (utilitarianism) is important, but procedural justification, which participation and discourse are guaranteed, should be emphasized equally. In the theoretical dimension, a policy could have economic(substantive) justification, but if decision-making process lacks political(procedural) one, it may not be possible to get even the economic justification because of social costs caused by conflicts and non-compliance etc.