A Reverie for Fire and Death in “Little Gidding”

( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.2

The study aims to suggest that both T. S. Eliot and Gaston Bachelard are concerned with archetypal imagery and reverie for the four elements, and they have comparison to their creations and processes of poetic images. Especially, “Little Gidding,” the fourth poem in Four Quartets deals with fire or flame images and cosmic order, psychoanalysis or poetics of fire by Bachelard, also deals with fire images such as Phoenix and Prometheus, so this paper compares and analyzes two poets' poetry in the poem because their ways to develop from reverie of fire, to the consciousness for time and history, to the meditation for order of cosmos, works of both authors are comparably analogous. Eliot grasps the still point on rotating world as pure, high and sacred culmination, so finally reaches the instance that a human encounters God's love. He also materializes God's love with the fire image and regards it as the glory that we can obtain by conquering humane desires and affections. If the fire is a symbol of God's love, the rose is a symbol of humane love and death. That means the instance combining humane love and death into the fire of anguish, transcendence and purgation. This is considered as the ultimate vision in Dante's Paradiso, the intersection of the time and the timeless of Eliot, and the reverberation or transformation of being in Bachelard's poetics. As new literary images, creation of images is possible to participate in our beings, and as readers, we can experiences the kind of reverberation that give the energy of an origin to being.

Cultural and Domestic Memory in Seamus Heaney’s Bog Poems

( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ),( Kim¸ Chong-kyen ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.2

This paper deals with Seamus Heaney's bog poems and the meaning of cultural memory. He delves into the bog, examines its past and history, develops its present situation and negotiates between the present and past, not missing its originality. In fact, the bog poems suggest different reconstructions of the same event, different ways of remembering or recalling memory traces. And memory emerges from these negotiations and strategies as a range of processes of recovery. The person remembering an object can enter into the unknown. So, it is a creative or interpretative process of narrating memory traces in terms of the context of retrieval, rather than an archaeological process of revealing discrete or complete memories. It is also a means of representing the ongoing trace of the past or the presence of the past, rather than of discovering a finished past. In the context, poems such as “Kinship,” “The Tollund Man,” “The Bog Queen” and “The Grauballe Man” can be applicable to memorial images of Irish bog. Heaney's attitude to the past has changed radically in the bog poems. The poet's attitude to the past is so subdued and private, as exemplified by the inclusion his wife in the peaceful pastoral scene. Irish history and memory is considered to be originated and completed on a domestic dimension rather than a national dimension.

Balance in Movement from Earthly Roots to Airy Imagination in Seamus Heaney’s Poems

( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

This study is to figure out elemental images and the balance with nature & culture in Seamus Heaney's poems. In his whole work, we can find poetic process from earthly images to airy images, which can relate to Bachelard's four element theory. The correlation between nature and culture, between place and language, between earthy rootedness and airy imagination can perform a key role in Heaney's poem, especially bog poems such as “The Tollund Man”, “Bogland” etc. The bogland as a wet center or combination with earth and water, can relate to richness and feminine productivity with sorrowful Irish history. The elemental images are applied to Heaney's poems in order to distinguish between his earthy phase and airy phase. The earthy phase with water and downward movement are found until North, and the new airy phase with light and upward movement are found from Field Work. Though his poems reveal unfair Irish history through victims beneath the bogland, he also reflects the present daily lives and elemental materiality with Irish natural landscape on them, yet never avoiding the past culture.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

성인에 발생한 낭포성활액종

오성섭,전혜경,김일규 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.3

Cystic hygroma is the benign proliferation of lymphatic tissue and has been categorized as a part of a larger spectrum that includes lymphangiomas recently. The majority of lymphangiomas occur in the head and neck as cystic hygromas with the posterior cervical region as the most common site. Cystic hygromas present in infancy or early childhood as compressible masses that may rapidly and intermittently enlarge. Cystic hygromas of the head and neck are especially difficult to manage since enlargement cause serious sequela such as airway obstruction, feeding difficulties, and speech pathology. Surgical exision remains the treatment of choice. But complete extirpation of these lesions is often impossible, and recurrence rates are accordingly different respectively ; these are high in suprahyoid lesions compared with infrahyoid involvement. This is a case report about 22 year old male patient with cystic hygrom. We obtained the successful, functional and esthetic results by surgical excision of the mass. Therefore, we report the case with literatural reviews.

코발트 프탈로시아닌 촉매를 이용한 메탄올의 연소특성

서성규,윤형선 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.13 No.2

The catalytic combustion of methanol as a model volatile organic compound has been investigated over metallo-phthalocyanine(PC) catalysts in a fixed bed flow reactor system at atmospheric pressure. The catalytic activity was examined with reaction temperature: 200∼350℃, methanol(CH3OH): 2.29∼2.35mole% in air, contact time(W/F):0.62∼3.11 g-cat·hr/g-mol. The order of catalytic activity is summarized as follows: metal free-PC<Zn-PC<Fe-PC<Cu(a)-PC<Co-PC. The pretreated cobalt phthalocyanine catalysts have been characterised by TG/DTA. EA and XRD analysis. The catalytic activity pretreated with air and methanol mixture, 450℃, 1hr was very excellent. Under this pretreatment condition, the change from cobalt phthalocyanine(Co-PC) catalyst to new cobalt metal oxide(Co3O4) was confirmed by EA and XRD analysis. This cobalt metal oxide has high catalytic activity on methanol combustion.

Deep Hole Drilling에서 절삭유가 가공성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

장성규,이충일,전언찬,장성화 東亞大學校 大學院 1998 大學院論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This work deals with o investigation of the influence of various additives to a base stock cutting fluid in order to develop a better deep hole drilling. This investigation has been aimed at development of an oil which gives a maximum cutting efficiency and a minimum wear rate of the tool and the guiding pads. The purpose of this study is to analyze how guide pad of tools, workpiece and the change of contained quantity of the extremen pressure additive i cutting fluids have effects on the hole over size of cutting hole, surface foughness of workpiece, wear rates of guide pad and roundness during the deep hole machining of SM55C with solid BTA drill by using BTA drilling system through experiment. Conclusion reached is as follows. 1)It has been proved that contained quantity of sulphyr more affects machinability than that of extreme pressure additive of chlorine in BTA drilling during deep hole drilling. 2)The range of 1.5~2.0% of sulphur quantity is suitable to machinability for workpiece in BTA drilling. 3)The wear of guide pad is affeted by the quantity of extreme pressure additive of chlorine.

금속-프탈로시아닌 촉매의 물리.화학적 특성

서성규,윤형선 麗水大學校 産業基術硏究所 1999 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Physico-chemical properties of metal-phthalocyanines(PC) with several pretreatment conditions were characterized by TG/DTA, EA, UV-Vis, SEM and XRD analysis. Also, catalytic activities of metal-phthalocyanines with pretreatment conditions were examined by methanol combustion. The effect of pretreatment conditions on catalytic activity was discussed in this paper. The catalytic activity of metal-phthalocyanine pretreated with air and CH₃OH, mixture at 450℃ for 1hr was excellent. Under this pretreatment condition, the basic structures of Cu(α)-PC and Co-PC were destroyed, and formed a new metal oxides such as CuO and CO₃O₄, respectively. But Zn-PC was retained its basic structure in this pretreatment condition. The order of catalytic activity on methanol combustion was summarized as follow: Co-PC> Cu(α)-PC> Fe-PC> Zn-PC.

석유화학 BTX 공정 점토탑에서의 악취 및 공정 부식 방지에 관한 연구

서성규,정채훈,문정선 여수대학교 산업기술지역개발연구소 2000 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

offensive odors affect man's olfactory sense and cause repulsiveness. In recent years, the problem of offensive odors is becoming more complicated and diversed. The emitted offensive odors from petrochemical BTX process gave rise to a serious corrosion problem of benzene tower and offensive odor problem. The main purpose in this study is to investigate process corrosion and odor generation from clay tower of petrochemical BTX process which were assumed to be the conversion of sulfur compounds over clay into hydrogen sulfide. As a result of this study, when traces of thiophenes and mercaptans are present in the clay tower, these components are broken down by the clay. The forming H□S in this step will be concentrated in the benzene tower top. In order to remove the occurred hydrogen sulfide, Fe-chelate catalyst is used. Removing efficiency is better than 99%.

자동차 폐촉매의 특성 및 VOCs 연소활성

서성규,문정선 麗水大學校 産業基術硏究所 1999 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The characterization of waste automotive catalyst was examined by EA(Elemental Analysis) and ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrophoto meter) analysis. The content of Pt, Pd and Rh in waste automotive catalyst was 1,228ppm, and 233ppm in Excel and 581ppm, 1,883ppm, and 255ppm in Pride. The combustion performance of waste automotive catalyst was investigated for acetaldehyde and toluene as a model VOCs in a fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. The number of estimated waste automotive catalyst was 427,520 in 1997. Carbon deposit amount was higher in front brick than rear brick of catalyst, and increased with mileage. Catalytic activity of waste automotive catalyst for acetaldehyde and toluene combustion was very excellent, and decreased with mileage.