19세기 전ㆍ중반기 프랑스 선교사들의 조선 입국 시도와 서해 해로

김규성(Kim Gyu-Seong) 한국교회사연구소 2009 敎會史硏究 Vol.0 No.32

The purpose of this thesis is to find out about the process to seek Korean entry route of French missionaries. Bishop Ferreol envisioned this work. And Father Kim-Dae-Geon(金大建) practiced it. This thesis also put great emphasis on the exploitation of the entry route through the seaway of the West Sea. There were several attempts to seek entry route of missionaries before 1843: Bishop Ferreol was appointed to Korean Vicar Apostolic in that year. In those days, the envoy's march which Korea(Jo-seon) sent to China(Cheong) was in existence. They used the route through Ui-ju Byeon-mun(義州 邊門). The emissaries of Korean church utilized this route. Father Ju-Mun-Mo entered through this way. Three French missionaries also came in by similar way. But this route was interrupted after 1839's Persecution. On December 1842, Kim-Dae-Geon searched around Ui-ju Byeon-mun. He met Kim Francisco on the envoy's march of the Winter Solstice at that time. The whole circumstances of 1839's Persecution and the situation of Korean church were reported on the outside. The connection with Korean church have been cut off since 1839's Persecution. It restored in the third year. He tried out infiltration in Korea after succeeding to contact with emissary. He wanted to take Father Maistre in Korea. Therefore he entered alone to Korea on February of the next year. But he should return as it failed to attain the desired end. Bishop Ferreol was appointed to Korean Vicar Apostolic in 1843. After that, he envisioned the entry route to penetrate effectively in Korea. And he selected Father Kim with practician of his plot. He was a seminarian at that time. Bishop Ferreol thought that Korean priest effectively would practice this plot. Besides Father Kim had courage, bravery and geographical faculty. These became important backgrounds that he was selected. At first, they envisioned and attempted the plan to enter through a land route. This route is passing Ui-ju Byeon-mun or the Northeast. Kim-Dae-Geon directly explored this area and attempted a entry. But this didn't succeed. The reason was that it would be dangerous to french missionaries of different appearance. Besides a guard of the frontier had been solemn since 1839's Persecution. Bishop Ferreol also envisioned entry through the Seaway of The West Sea on behalf of a land route. Bishop Imbert and Father Maubant had already devised this plan. In 1840, Bishop Ferreol discovered the letter which contain this scheme. He probably has referred to this letter. Kim-Dae-Geon was ordained deacon on December 1844. Thereafter he entered to Korea alone. Then he received direction from Bishop Ferreol to inquire the plan to enter through the Seaway of the West Sea. When he went to Shang-hai(上海) to be ordained priest, he passed by seaway. He was ordained priest on August 1845. After that, he entered to Korea with Bishop Ferreol and Father Daveluy by similar way. However the seaway also was dangerous and uncertain because of strict surveillance and wind wave. So Bishop Ferreol envisioned a method to use Chinese fishing craft to come and go in coast of Hwang-hai-do(黃海道) for a fishery. And he commanded exploitation of entry route by this method to Father Kim. Father Kim was arrested on the way exploration of this coast for this work. And he died for his belief. The exploitation of entry route was shrunk for a little time due to aftereffect of Father Kim's arrest and martyr. But it was continued to attempt to enter by Ui-ju Byeon-mun and coast of Hwang-hai-do in the long run. Father Choi-Yang-Eob(崔良業) entered to Korea by Ui-ju Byeon-mun on December 1849. Three missionaries including Bishop Berneux arrived in Korea by coast of Hwang-hai-do on March 1856. Thereafter another missionaries used similar seaway. In addition, Father Kim had already made geographics datas on his way to exploit. They were utilized to entry of missionaries actually. The attempt of Korean Entry of French Missionarie

전도된 묵시문학으로서의 「하늘의 다리」

김진규 ( Kim Jin-gyu ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2018 민족문학사연구 Vol.67 No.-

이 논문은 「하늘의 다리」를 전도된 묵시문학으로 읽음으로써 세 가지 사실을 규명하고자 했다. 첫째, 작품 속 ‘하늘의 다리’란 환상을 대면하고 그것을 그림으로 그리는 것은 월남민 김준구와 한동순 가족이 겪는 고난의 의미를 규명하고, 더 나아가 한국인의 삶과 죽음에 의미를 부여하는 문화(‘입명의 양식’)를 탐구하는 과정이다. 둘째, 텍스트에서 김준구의 경험은 남한 전체의 그것으로 확대되지만, 당대 사회 현실에 대한 김준구의 방관자적 태도로 인해 그러한 대표성은 정당성을 상실한다. 작품에서 김준구가 본 ‘하늘의 다리’란 환상이 ‘강변3로 살인사건’과 ‘와우아파트 붕괴 사고’를 통해 실체로 구현됨으로써 그의 소외와 고난은 남한 사회의 문제로 확대된다. 하지만 두 사건의 현장에서 그는 스스로를 ‘한가한 산책자’로 정위한다. 타자와의 소통과 연대를 결여한 월남 체험의 특권화는 김준구의 소외를 더욱 심화시킨다. 셋째, 「하늘의 다리」는 김준구를 ‘범인’으로 재정위함으로써 김준구와 당대 현실 사이의 거리를 비판하고 극복할 단초를 제공한다. 김준구는 살인사건과 아파트 붕괴 현장에서 스스로를 ‘범인’으로 인식한다. 이러한 죄의식은 일차적으로 지배체제에의 순응에 대한 것이고, 궁극적으로는 자신의 고난과 구원만을 특권화하는 주체중심성에 대한 것이다. 예술가로서의 실패와 한동순 가족의 실종 원인을 피난의 문제로만 환원하고, 타자의 고통에 공감하지 않는 김준구의 태도야말로 김준구가 ‘하늘의 다리’란 환상을 끝내 그리지 못하는 이유라고 볼 수 있다. 피난민의 경험을 본질화하고 추상화하는 것에서 벗어나, 자신의 소외를 바탕으로 타자의 고통을 자신의 것으로 받아들일 때 김준구는 자신의 절망과 공포에서 벗어날 수 있는 것이다. This paper attempted to clarify three facts by reading the “Leg on the Sky” as an inverted apocalyptic literature. First, Joon-goo’s drawing ‘leg on the sky’ is a process of revealing the meaning of the sufferings of Kim Joon-gu and Han Dong-soon family, and furthermore, the culture that gives meaning to the life and death of Korean. Second, Kim’s experiences in the text are extended to that of the whole of Korean, but such representation lose their legitimacy due to Joon-goo’s onlooker’s attitude toward the current social reality such as ‘murder case of Jung In-suk’ and ‘the Collapse of the Wawoo Apartment Complex building.’ Third, “Leg on the Sky” redefines Kim Joon-goo as a “criminal,” thereby providing a basis for criticizing and overcoming the distance between Kim Joon-goo and contemporary reality. Kim Joon-goo sees himself as a “criminal” in the murder case of Jung In-suk and the Collapse of the Wawoo Apartment Complex building. This guilt is primarily about compliance with the ruling system, and ultimately about the subjectcentrism, which privileges only his suffering and salvation. Kim Joon-goo can overcome his despair and fear when he takes on the suffering of the others based on his experience of refugee.

장공 김재준 목사의 “삶의 신앙” 지향적 설교에 관한 연구

김윤규 ( Yun Gyu Kim ) 한국개혁신학회 2013 한국개혁신학 Vol.38 No.-

장공 김재준 목사는 저명한 신학자, 저술가, 명문장가 또는 위대한 사상가로 알려졌다. 그러나 어떤 의미에서 그는 일생동안 뛰어난 ‘성서학자’ 로서 겸손하고 헌신적인 ‘설교자’였다. 그는 언제나 ‘생생한 복음의 소리’(viva vox evangelii)를 경청했고, ‘삶의 신앙’을 추구한 ‘통전적 영성’을 소유한 ‘설교자’였다. 그는 끊임없이 하나님의 뜻과 의(義)가 이 땅위에서 실현되기를 기도했고, 또한 설교를 통해 회중들에게, 특히 지성인들에게 ‘삶의 신앙’을 선포했다. 그는 언제나 ‘범우주적인 공동체형성’을 위해 성령의 도우심을 간구했고, 자신을 희생했다. 이 논문에서 연구자는 먼저 전 18권으로 된 ‘金在俊全集’과 수없이 많은 설교들을 통해서 장공의 ‘설교자’로서의 ‘위격’과 그의 설교유형의 특성을 추적할 것이다. 그 다음에 연구자는 장공의 설교들 가운데서 동일한 본문으로 행한 두 편의 설교를 대비하여 분석하고 평가함으로써, 오늘날 점차 고조되고 있는 ‘설교의 위기’에 대한 적절한 대답을 찾을 것이다. Changgong Jaejoon Kim has been called a famous theologian, writer and also great thinker. However his entire life he was a wise, excellent biblical scholar, and also a humble, devoted Preacher. He always was eager to listen to the “viva vox evangelii”(the living Good News- Gospel), and was a “Faith of Life-oriented” Preacher with wholistic spirituality. He prayed for actualizing and realizing of God`s Will and His Justice and Righteousness in the earth. And to his audience, specially to the Intellectuals he proclaimed ``Faith and Life`` in balance. he was continuously focusing ``Cosmic Community``. For the sake of that he prayed for the ``Illumination`` of the Holy Spirit, and also for that matter he sacrificed himself. First of all, in this writing are reviewed his style of preaching and his personality through ``Changgong Jeonjip 18 volumes and many of Kim`s sermons. Secondly, Kim`s two sermons with same text and verses(in the year of 1956 & 1975) are compared, analized and evaluated, so that we find out the answer and solution of Today`s Preaching Crisis.

Application of heterogeneous RNA probes labeled immuno-fluorescent agent DIG for the screening a noble gene in cucumber

Kim,Dai-Hee,Kim,Byung-Oh,Park,Gyu-Hwan,Takahashi,Hideyuki,Kim,Kyung-Min 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.2

We tried to isolating a noble gene from cucumber library with heterogeneouse RNA probe labeled DIG of Arabidopsis PIN3 gene. Two kinds of RNA probes which had no significant homology each others, were designed from the 5 - and 3 - prime nucleotides of the AtPIN3 gene. In the first and second screenings of the cDNA library of cucumber with the probes, two positive clones were identified with specific duplicate signals. However, we isolated cDNA fragments homologous with putative nucleases from Nicotiana, Arabidopsis, Cordialis, and Oryza sativa, there was no significant homology with any other PIN family genes.

[스마트대전력 및 고전압기술] 가속전극의 적용에 따른 이온풍 발생 특성

김철규(Chol-Gyu Kim),장경민(Kyeong-Min Jang),김진규(Jin-GyuㆍKim) 대한전기학회 2019 전기학회논문지 Vol.68 No.5

Currently, the devices to generate ion winds in air are mainly composed of corona electrodes and induction(ground) electrodes, of which the corona electrodes mainly use needles or wires as electrodes and the induction electrodes use plate electrodes of ring or mesh type. Ion winds can be effectively generated through a diverse combination of corona electrodes and induction electrodes mentioned above. However, only changing the form and structure of corona electrodes and induction electrodes has a limit in raising the speed of ion winds. This paper conducted a study on the characteristics of ion wind generation by additionally installing acceleration electrodes in addition to corona electrodes and induction electrodes to increase the speed of ion winds.

Kidney Toxicity Induced by 13 Weeks Exposure to the Fruiting Body of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Rats

Mihye Jeong,Young-Won Kim,Jeong-Ran Min,Min Kwon,Beom-Suk Han,Jeong-Gyu Kim,Sang-Hee Jeong 한국독성학회 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3

Paecilomyces sinclairiis (PS) is known as a functional food or human health supplement. However concerns have been raised about its kidney toxicity. This study was performed to investigate the kidney toxicity of PS by 13 week-oral administration to rats. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and kidney damage biomarkers including beta-2-microglobulin (β2m), glutathione S-transferase alpha (GST-α), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and osteopontin were measured during or after the treatment of PS. BUN, creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not changed by PS. However, kidney cell karyomegaly and tubular hypertrophy were observed dose-dependently with higher severity in males. KIM-1, TIMP-1 and osteopontin in kidney and urine were increased dose dependently in male or at the highest dose in female rats. Increased urinary osteopontin by PS was not recovered at 2 weeks of post-exposure in both genders. Cystatin C in kidney was decreased at all treatment groups but inversely increased in urine. The changes in kidney damage biomarkers were more remarkable in male than female rats. These data indicate that the PS may provoke renal cell damage and glomerular filtration dysfunction in rats with histopathological lesions and change of kidney damage biomarkers in kidney or urine. Kidney and urinary KIM-1 and cystatin C were the most marked indicators, while kidney weight, BUN and creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not influenced.

Kidney Toxicity Induced by 13 Weeks Exposure to the Fruiting Body of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Rats

Jeong, Mi-Hye,Kim, Young-Won,Min, Jeong-Ran,Kwon, Min,Han, Beom-Suk,Kim, Jeong-Gyu,Jeong, Sang-Hee Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3

Paecilomyces sinclairiis (PS) is known as a functional food or human health supplement. However concerns have been raised about its kidney toxicity. This study was performed to investigate the kidney toxicity of PS by 13 week-oral administration to rats. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and kidney damage biomarkers including beta-2-microglobulin (${\beta}2m$), glutathione S-transferase alpha (GST-${\alpha}$), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and osteopontin were measured during or after the treatment of PS. BUN, creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not changed by PS. However, kidney cell karyomegaly and tubular hypertrophy were observed dose-dependently with higher severity in males. KIM-1, TIMP-1 and osteopontin in kidney and urine were increased dose dependently in male or at the highest dose in female rats. Increased urinary osteopontin by PS was not recovered at 2 weeks of post-exposure in both genders. Cystatin C in kidney was decreased at all treatment groups but inversely increased in urine. The changes in kidney damage biomarkers were more remarkable in male than female rats. These data indicate that the PS may provoke renal cell damage and glomerular filtration dysfunction in rats with histopathological lesions and change of kidney damage biomarkers in kidney or urine. Kidney and urinary KIM-1 and cystatin C were the most marked indicators, while kidney weight, BUN and creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not influenced.

IgA 신증 환자들에서 신조직내GF-β와 TNF-α의 유전자발현에 대한 ACE Ihibitor의 영향

김승정,신규태,마경애,김흥수,김도헌 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.4

Bacterial Synthesis of a Flavonoid Deoxyaminosugar Conjugate in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Expressing a Glycosyltransferase of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Kim ,, Bong‐,Gyu,Jung ,, Na Ri,Joe, Eun Ji,Hur, Hor‐,Gil,Lim, Yoongho,Chong, Youhoon,Ahn, Joong‐,Hoon WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2010 Chembiochem Vol.11 No.17

<P><B>Just add sugar</B>: An unnatural flavonoid‐deoxyaminosugar conjugate was biologically synthesized in <I>Escherichia coli</I> by engineering an <I>E. coli</I> nucleotide–sugar pathway and expressing a glycosyltrandfease specific for UDP‐arabinose derivatives. </P>

Graphene: Position‐ and Morphology‐Controlled ZnO Nanostructures Grown on Graphene Layers (Adv. Mater. 41/2012)

Kim, Yong‐,Jin,Yoo, Hyobin,Lee, Chul‐,Ho,Park, Jun Beom,Baek, Hyeonjun,Kim, Miyoung,Yi, Gyu‐,Chul WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.41

<P>On page 5565, Gyu‐Chul Yi and co‐workers grow position‐ and morphology‐controlled ZnO nanowalls in prescribed positions on graphene layers. The nanowalls are grown to produce a variety of shapes from simple circles to text at the microscale. The selective growth of high quality ZnO nanowalls is investigated by electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy. The hybrid nanostructure can be exploited to fabricate various nanodevices including microarrays of nanotube LEDs. </P>