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^161, ^163Dy의 0.003eV~50keV의 중성자 포획 단면적 측정
민영기,윤정란,노태익,김귀년,이삼열 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.19 No.1
교토대학 원자로 연구소의 46MeV 전자선형가속기를 사용하여 중성자 TOF 방법으로, 에너지 영역 0.003eV∼50keV의 ^161, 163Dy sample의 중성자 포획 단면적을 측정하였다. 본 실험에서 사용된 Bi_4Ge_3O_12(BGO) 섬광 검출기는 sample의 핵반응에서 나오는 즉발 포획 감마선 측정에 사용하였다. 이 검출기는 중성자 선원으로부터 거리 12.7±0.02m 위치에 12개의 블록으로 되어 있으며, sample에 포획되는 중성자 flux의 절대치를 구하기 위해 Sm(n, γ) 및 ^10B(n, αγ) 반응을 이용하였다. ^161, 163Dy에 대한 포획 단면적 측정결과는 ENDF/B-VI 결과와 비교하였다. The neutron capture cross sections of ^161, 162Dy has been measured in the energy region from 0.003eV 50keV by using the neutron time-of-flight(TOF) promptγmethod with a 46MeV electron linear accelerator at the Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University. An assemble of twelve pieces of BGO scintillation detectors, which was placed at a distance of 12.7±0.02mm from the neutron source, was employed as a total energy absorption detector for the prompt capture gamma-ray measurement, to obtain the absolute capture cross section value. The sample of ^161, 163Dy is a form of metallic plate. An enriched boron sample was employed to monitor the neutron flux/spectrum of the TOF beam using the standard reference cross section of the ^10B(n, αγ) reaction. Previous measurements and evaluated data in ENDF/B-VI was compared with the present results.
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Chou, Gui X,Gao, Qiu T,Li, Jun,Duan, Ran,Cheung, Anna WH,Chu, Glanice KY,Jiang, Zhi Y,Dong, Tina TX,Tsim, Karl WK Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2006 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.6 No.4
By using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection, a simple and accurate chromatographic fingerprint method was developed for the identification of Radix Codonopsis (roots of Codonopsis) from different sources. Eighteen herbs of Codonopsis at different habitats in China, including roots from Codonopsis pilosula, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen were analyzed by the fingerprint. The amount of lobetyolin was calibrated, which was found to be more consistent in roots of Codonopsis pilosula as compared to that of Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen. Having the fingerprint results, hierarchical clustering analyses were performed to classify the eighteen herbs into three groups: Codonopsis pilosula, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen. This clustering analysis agrees very well with the pharmacognostic identification result, and which could be used as a tool in the quality control of Radix Codonopsis.
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Reserpine 投與로 因한 上皮小體 主細胞의 分泌機構變化에 關한 超微形態學的硏究
이귀란,박재복,김중길,곽정식,서인수,손태중 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1983 慶北醫大誌 Vol.24 No.2
저자들은 분비 항진시에 있어서 상피소체의 분비 기구와 형질막의 동태 및 방출방식을 알아보기 위하여 체중 200∼250gm정도의 성숙한 Sprague-Dawley계의 흰쥐에 reserpine을 체중 ㎏당 5㎎을 복강내에 투여한 후 상피소체를 시간의 경과에 따라 적출하여 이를 광학 및 전자현미경으로 검색하였다. 그 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 광학현미경으로는 특기할 만한 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 전자현미경으로는 형질막에는 interdigitation의 증가가 reserpine 투여후 10분부터 관찰되었는데, 이중 interdigitation의 증가와 확장은 출현 후 점차 현저해져서 1시간에 최고에 달하고 그후 감소하기 시작하여 6시간에 이르러서는 대조군의 것과 거의 같게 되었고, 개구현상은 1시간에서 4시간 사이에 간혹 관찰되었다. RER에서는 소포성 성분은 reserpine 투여후 10분째부터 증가하여 1시간째에는 층상 및 공포성 성분보다 현저히 많아지고 층상구조물은 reserpine 투여후 20 분부터 증가하기 시작하여 역시 1시간에 가장 현저하였고, 공포성 성분은 2시간 부터 증가하였다. 이들 구조물은 6시간부터는 모두 대조군의 것과 유사한 비율로 되었다. RER-Golgi transitional elements는 reserpine 투여후 1시간 및 2시간에 다수 출현하였고, 커져서 2시간까지 계속되다가 4시간 이후에는 대조군의 것과 유사하게 되고, 이때 구조물의 분포는 RER의 그것과 유사하였다. 분비과립은 reserpine 투여후 10분부터 Golgi장치 주위에서 분비전 과립의 수가 증가하기 시작하여 2시간에 가장 많이 관찰되었고, 그후 감소하여 8시간 이후는 대조군의 그것과 같아지고 성숙분비 과립의 수는 reserpine 투여 10분부터 감소하여 6시간까지 지속하고 그 후 다시 출현하였다. Free ribosome은 reserpine 투여후 10분부터 polysome이 증가하기 시작하여 30분에 가장 현저하여졌고, 이후 감소하여 4시간에는 대조군의 것과 유사하였다. Multivesicular body, lipid droplet, lipofuscin granule 및 glycogen particle은 reserpine 투여후 30분부터 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내고, condensing vacuole은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 연구성적으로 보아 reserpine을 투여하면 상피소체의 주세포에 분비가 항진되며, 형태학적으로 성숙 분비과립의 감소, RER 및 Golgi장치의 소포화, Golgi장치 주위의 분비전 과립의 증가, free polysome의 증가등이 나타나는 것으로 보아 내분비세포인 상피소체 주세포에 있어서의 분비 단백의 합성 및 분비 경로는 RER→RER―Golgi transitional elements→Golgi장치→presecretory granule→mature secretory granule→exocytosis의 순이라 믿어지며, 그 분비주기는 2시간 이상으로 생각된다. 그리고 상피소체에 있어서의 분비단백의 방출양식은 개구에 의한 방출을 암시하는 소견이 관찰되었다. Ultrastructural changes of plasma membrane and cell organelles participating secretion of protein and pattern of secretion of chief cells in parathyroid gland in enhanced secretion were studied in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. These investigations included light and electron microscopic examination. The reserpine, 5 ㎎ per ㎏ of body weight, was administered to all experimental groups of animals weighing 200 to 250 gm. The parathyroid glands were observed periodically. Light microscopically, there was no appreciable change. Electron microscopically, in plasma membrane, interdigitation was pronounced at 10 minutes after reserpine administration, after then more pronounced. Extent occurring interdigitation and its complexity became the highest degree at 1 hour. Afterwards these changes began to decrease and were nearly similar to that in control group at 6 hours after reserpine administration. Exocytosis was occasionally seen at time between 1 hour and 4 hours after reserpine administration. In RER, vesicular component was increased at 10 minutes and was markedly abundant vacuolar components at 1 hour after administration. Lamellar component began to increase in amount at 20 minutes and most prominent at 1 hour after administration. And vacuolar component was began to increase at 2 hours after administration. Distribution of these organelles showed similar proportion to that in control group at 6 hours after administration. RER-Golgi transitional elements appeared in large numbers at 1 to 2 hours and emlarged in size until 2 hours after administration, and 4 hours later these were similar to that in control group. By this time distribution of these elements was similar to RER. In secretory granules, presecretory granules began to increase in number around Golgi areas at 10 minutes after administration and most prominent at 2 hours and later decreased. Eight hours later, distribution of presecretory granules was similar to that in control group. Mature secretory granules were began to decrease in number at 10 mintes and it was sustained until 6 hours after administration and later reappeared. In free ribosomes, the polysomes began to increase in number at 10 minutes and most prominent at 30 minutes and 4 hours later these were similar to that in control group. Multivesicular bodies, lipid droplets, lipofuscin granules, and glycogen particles tended to decrease in number and amount at 30 minutes. Condensing vacuoles were not observed. From the above results, it is believed that the reserpine stimulates secretion of chief cells in parathyroid gland and that pathway of protein synthesis and secretion in these cells as an endocrine cells, similar to that in pancreatic exocrine cells but dissimilar to that in submaxillary gland, is sequentially RER→RER-Golgi transitional element→Golgi apparatus→presecretory granule→mature secretory granule→exocytosis that is evidenced morphologically by vesiculation of RER and Golgi apparatus and increase of presecretory granules around Golgi areas and of polysomes. The cycle of secretion is considered over 2 hours. In addition, there are morphological changes suggesting that the pattern of secretion of chief cells in parathyroid gland is exocytosis.
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Kim, Gui-Ran,Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad,Kyung, Hyun-Kyu,Kwon, Joong-Ho Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
This study investigated the prevalence of microbiological contamination in commercial Saengshik products (samples SP-1 to SP-12) from the Korean market, and identified their irradiation status. SP-2, SP-8, and SP-12 showed less than 3.66 and 1.10 log colony forming units (CFU)/g in total plate and coliforms counts, respectively, while the remaining samples showed more than 4.70 and 2.35 log CFU/g, respectively. Four samples were positive on some of foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Bacillus cereus). SP-2, SP-8, and SP-12 contained no pathogenic bacteria and were suspected to have been irradiated. They were confirmed as positive using photostimulated luminescence (PSL) analysis. PSL positive results on samples SP-2, SP-8 and SP-12 were finally confirmed by the authentic thermoluminescence (TL) analysis on the basis of TL glow curve shape, intensity, temperature range of TL peak maxima and TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$).
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Kim, Gui-Ran,Ramakrishnan, Sudha Rani,Kwon, Joong-Ho Pergamon 2018 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.152 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Saengshik</I> products usually include powders of plant-derived foods that are normally non-heated and thus have inherent limitations in microbial control. Here, we investigated the microbial reduction and sensorial properties of two types of <I>Saengshik</I> products commercially available in Korean markets after electron-beam and gamma-ray irradiation (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 kGy). The initial microbial loads in the products were 6–7 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g of total aerobic bacteria (TAB), 4–5 log CFU/g of yeasts and molds (YM), and ≤ 3 log CFU/g of coliforms. Radiosensitivities (D<SUB>10</SUB> values) of TAB, YM, and the indicator pathogens <I>Clostridium perfringens</I> and <I>Bacillus cereus</I> were 1.21–1.86 kGy, 1.03–1.97 kGy, 0.42–0.48 kGy and 0.58–0.68 kGy, respectively, regardless of the radiation source or product type. Radiation 5D values for both pathogens were 2.10–3.40 kGy, which is the dose needed to achieve the recommended 5-log reduction. The radiation sensitivity (D<SUB>10</SUB> and 5D values) was higher in <I>B. cereus</I> than in <I>C. perfringens</I> for both samples. Irradiation up to 10 kGy induced negligible changes in sensory scores for the <I>Saengshik</I> samples (p > 0.05). An electronic nose effectively distinguished the flavor profiles of irradiated products between 10 kGy and ≤ 5 kGy approved by the Korean Food Code for <I>Saengshik</I> ingredients. These results indicate that 5 kGy irradiation with electron-beam or gamma-ray was sufficient for achieving microbial control in powdered <I>Saengshik</I> products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Radiosensitivity of microorganisms in <I>Saengshik</I> products was studied. </LI> <LI> Irradiation > 9 kGy is needed for 5-log decrease in aerobic bacteria, yeasts, and molds. </LI> <LI> D<SUB>10</SUB> values of <I>C. perfringens</I> and <I>B. cereus</I> were 0.48 and 0.68 kGy, respectively. </LI> <LI> Dose up to 10 kGy induced negligible changes in sensory attributes of <I>Saengshik</I>. </LI> </UL> </P>
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