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Decentralization : Bangladesh Scenario
Golam Sarwar(사르와르) 서울행정학회 2005 서울행정학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.- No.-
The Paper briefly presents an evolution of 'local government' in Bangladesh. Although local government institutions and specifically 'the Union Parishads' date as early as 1870 in this part of the region, the Paper actually takes up the issue more from the post-independence period i.e. from 1971 onwards although some mention here and there have been made of the pre-independence era as well. An overview has also been attempted through it to articulate the need to form the National Union Parishad Forum (NUPF), its importance in the local government context in the country as well as how international membership and assistance can bring benefits for the Union Parishads as well as NUPF as a whole. In addition to the various changes and reforms that have taken place in the local government sector in this country, the Paper tries to put up briefly the basic lessons that have been learned during the years as well as some thoughts and recommendations targeted towards the success of 'Decentralization' in this country.
Golam Mezbah Uddin,Hee Ju Lee,Je-Seung Jeon,정동화,Chul Young Kim 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.3
High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to an online ABTS+-based assay (online HPLC-ABTS+) system was used to determine the principal antioxidants in Cudrania tricuspidata fruits. Six prenylated isoflavonoids (1 - 6) were isolated from C. tricuspidata fruits according to the online HPLC-ABTS+ system. The structures of isolated compounds, alpiniumisoflavone (1), 6,8-diprenylorobol (2), 6,8-diprenylgenistein (3), pomiferin (4), 4'-methylalpiniumisoflavone (5), and osajin (6) were identified by their retention time, UV spectra, ESI-MS, and NMR data. Among these compounds, 6,8-diprenylorobol (2) and pomiferin (4) reduced A2E photooxidation in a dose dependent manner.
The concept of ‘Eurasia’: Kazakhstan's Eurasian policy and its implications
Golam Mostafa 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2013 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.4 No.2
The term Eurasia is a contentious and illusive one and there is no consensus or agreement among authors on its meanings, implications and ramifications. President Nursultan Nazarbayev of the Republic of Kazakhstan introduced and developed his own vision, policies, perceptions and values of Eurasianism which he has been propagating and practicing on a continuous and consistent basis. In fact, the concept of Eurasianism and Eurasian policies have turned into state ideologies which are reflected in domestic, regional and foreign policies as well as in the foundation of the recent regional integration process. The purpose of the article is: to study and review the genesis of the old, popular as well as contemporary schools and thoughts of Eurasianism, their underlying goals, objectives and purposes in order to locate and understand Kazakhstan's views and concepts of Eurasianism in a broad historical and comparative perspectives; to review and critically analyze how President Nazarbayev's visions and policies of Eurasianism are reflected in the country's domestic, regional and foreign policies and what are their implications.
Golam Taki,Mohammad Nazrul Islam,Seong-Jae Park,Jeong-Hun Park 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.2
Box-Behnken Design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented to optimization the operating parameters and assess the removal and recovery efficiencies of crude oil from contaminated soil using subcritical water extraction. The effects of temperature, extraction time and water flow rate were explored, and the results indicate that temperature has a great impact on crude oil removal and recovery. The correlation coefficients for oil removal (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.74) and recovery (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.98) suggest that the proposed quadratic model is useful. When setting the target removal and recovery (>99%), BBD-RSM determined the optimum condition to be a temperature of 250°C, extraction time of 120 min, and water flow rate of 1 mL/min. An experiment was carried out to confirm the results, with removal and recovery efficiencies of 99.69% and 87.33%, respectively. This result indicates that BBD is a suitable method to optimize the process variables for crude oil removal and recovery from contaminated soil.
( Golam Mezbah Uddin ),( Chul Young Kim ),( Dong Hwa Chung ),( Kyung-a Kim ),( Sang Hoon Jung ) 생화학분자생물학회 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.5
Caesalpinia sappan is a well-distributed plant that is cultivated in Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Americas. C. sappan has been used in Asian folk medicine and its extract has been shown to have pharmacological effects. Two homoisoflavonoids, sappanol and brazilin, were isolated from C. sappan by using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), and tested for protective effects against retinal cell death. The isolated homoisoflavonoids produced approximately 20-fold inhibition of N-retinylidene-N-retinyl-ethanolamine (A2E) photooxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Of the 2 compounds, brazilin showed better inhibition (197.93 ∂ 1.59 UM of IC50). Cell viability tests and PI/Hoechst 33342 double staining method indicated that compared to the negative control, sappanol significantly attenuated H2O2-induced retinal death. The compounds significantly blunted the up-regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and sappanol inhibited lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, both compounds represent potential antioxidant treatments for retinal diseases. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 289-294]
The Settlement Factors and Processes of Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in Korea: An Ethnographic Study
Golam Rabbani(랍바니) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2017 전남대학교 세계한상문화연구단 국제학술회의 Vol.2017 No.2
Since the Independence in 1971, overseas migration of Bangladesh people (skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled) has been playing a very important role in the economic development of Bangladesh. The country receives more than $15 billion every year. It is the 2nd largest source of remittance after RMG (Ready Made Garments) exports. There are about 9 million Bangladeshis live in more than 90 countries as permanent residence, temporary residence or as migrant workers. Bangladeshi people started their journey to foreign lands as migrant workers just after the independence of the country. Among the countries, Middle East is the most preferable destination for Bangladeshi workers. Most of the Bangladeshi skilled and professional people are going to Australia, UK, Canada, New Zealand and some others in European countries, while the unskilled and semi-skilled laborers are mostly work in different countries like Middle East and East Asian countries including Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Malaysia, and South Korea as manufacturers, construction workers, agricultural laborers and others. A majority of workers generally prefer to go back home after passing over the specific time according to the visa status but some of them eventually change their mind to stay for longer time in some countries. This is very significant case for the migrant workers of Bangladesh in South Korea. Apart from the social, economic and political situation of the home country (push factors), the various facilities available in their present country of residence (South Korea) are also considered as the incentives for many Bangladeshi workers to change their mind to stay in Korea. Various attractive facilities (pull factors) given by the Korean Government to the migrant workers, people of many countries including Bangladesh get influenced and decide to take a journey (through different processes) to settle in South Korea. Many of the migrant workers, after staying in Korea as workers for a certain period of time, can see the benefits of staying permanently in Korea in terms of employment, wage, social security, health facilities and the bright future of their children. This study intends to explore the key factors which are encouraging many of the Bangladeshi workers to get permanent settlement in Korea through various legal and illegal processes.
한국 내 방글라데시 이주민의 사회적 네트워크에 관한 연구
Golam Hafiz,신지원(Julia Jiwon Shin) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2018 디아스포라 연구 Vol.12 No.1
본 연구는 한국 내 방글라데시 이주민의 사회적 네트워크의 특징과 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 사회적 네트워크 유형의 차이를 조사하였다. 연구자는 2016년 3월부터 8월까지 한국 내 방글라데시 이주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 총 310개의 표본을 수집하고 분석했다. 본 연구는 사회적 네트워크를 결속형(정서적 물질적 지원), 교량형(정서적 물질적 지원), 연결형으로 구분하고 28개 항목의 분석수단을 활용하여 사회적 네트워크를 측정하였다. 연구결과, 한국 내 방글라데시 이주민의 사회적 네트워크는 전반적으로 가족을 중심으로 한 결속형 사회적 네트워크가 가장 강하게 나타났다. 방글라데시 이주민의 교량형 사회적 네트워크는 전반적으로 낮게 나타났으며, 연결형 사회적 네트워크는 교량형(물질적 지원) 사회적 네트워크보다 더 강하게 나타났다. 사회적 네트워크의 다섯 유형에 있어 유의미한 차이를 보이는 주요 인구통계학적 변수는 연령과 결혼여부였다. 40세 이상의 연령층은 결속형과 교량형 네트워크에 있어 정서적 관계에 높은 점수를 보이고 있으며, 30세 미만의 젊은 연령층은 두 유형의 네트워크에서 재정적 지원에 높은 점수를 보인다. 미혼 이주민들은 결속형, 교량형(물질적 지원), 연결형 사회적 네트워크에서 높은 점수를 보였다. 거주지역에 따른 차이로는 비수도권 거주 이주민이 수도권 거주 이주민에 비해 결속형과 교량형 네트워크를 모두 높은 수준으로 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타난다. This study aims to examine: (1) the characteristics of social networks of Bangladeshi migrants in South Korea; and (2) the ways in which the patterns of social networks differ among them in accordance with socio-demographic characteristics. The survey on Bangladeshi migrants in Korea was conducted for six months (March-June 2016) and 310 samples were collected and analyzed. First, the results show that Bangladeshi migrants in Korea have strong bonding social networks based on close family ties, whereas they have weak bridging social networks. They have stronger linking social networks than bridging social networks, in which they seek financial support. Second, the patterns of social networks vary only by age groups and marital status of the migrants. While the age group of over 40 shows strong emotional ties both in bonding and bridging social networks, those below 30 show strong financial ties in the both networks. Single migrants show stronger ties in bonding, bridging and linking social networks than married counterparts do. Lastly, in terms of regions, those migrants who live outside of the metropolitan area show stronger ties both in bonding and bridging social networks.
Golam Reza Ghorbani,Seyed Mohsen Zahraei,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Mahdi Afshari,Fahimeh Doosti 질병관리본부 2016 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.7 No.2
Objectives: During recent decades, there has been limited attention on the seasonal pattern of pertussis within a high vaccine coverage population. This study aimed to compare the seasonal patterns of clinical suspected pertussis cases with those of laboratory confirmed cases in Iran. Methods: The current study was conducted using time series methods. Time variables included months and seasons during 2011-2013. The effects of seasons and months on the incidence of pertussis were estimated using analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis. Results: The maximum average incidence of clinically confirmed pertussis was 23.3 in July (p = 0.04), but the maximum incidence of clinical suspected pertussis was 115.7 in May (p = 0.6). The maximum seasonal incidences of confirmed and clinical pertussis cases were reported in summer (average: 12, p = 0.004), and winter (average: 108.1; p = 0.4), respectively. Conclusion: The present study showed that the seasonal pattern of laboratory confirmed pertussis cases is highly definite and different from the pattern of clinical suspected cases.