Ecogenetic and Population Genetic Studies on Alcohol Sensitivity

Goedde, H Werner 한국유전학회 1983 Genes & Genomics Vol.5 No.3

Concerning Population Genetic Research many protein polymorphisms, especially those of enzymes, are of great importance. Most of the so-called genetic traits are of general interest in regard to the deferring gene frequencies in various racial groups. Often, isozymes or protein variants of certain metabolisms can be connected to inborn errors of metabolism or genetic defects, which may be observed only in distinct populations - and in certain individuals. The connection of such traits to metabolite diseases is of considerable importance. Alcohol is a drug - or generally spoken an environmental substance or xenobiotic. Those are often potentially toxic chemicals which. may cause damage to certain individuals - but not to others. In this concern the study of genetic aspects of ecology is called ecogenetics. Recent studies on the polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase have received considerable attention to genetic variants of these enzymes in concern to the metabolism and toxic effects of ethanol and especially of acetaldehyde. The development of highly sensitive methods enabled us to study the isozymes in various organ extracts, skin, fibroblasts and hair root lysates. The results of family and population genetic studies in different racial groups lead to our hypothesis which explains now the observed high incidence of alcohol sensitivity among Mongoloid populations. The fact that genetics may be involved in regulating individual sensitivity to alcohol suggests that biological factors might partially answer the question why many people drink very little alcohol - especially in Orientals. The biochemical genetic basis of a predisposition for - or protection against alcohol related problems will be discussed. A better knowledge concerning these problems may help in more effective and therapeutic actions in preventive medicine.

한국인 혈청 paraoxonase 의 저활성 동형 접합체 빈도

Goedde, H Werner,Benkmann, Heide G,백용균 한국유전학회 1988 Genes & Genomics Vol.10 No.4

Serum paraoxonase activity was measured in five population groups in South Korea. Assuming a two allele model, the phenotypic distributions of the enzyme activity were very similar. The frequencies of homozygous low activity groups ranged from 13.5% to 19.7% across the population groups.

The Basic Law of the Sinuiju Special Administrative Region: A Happy Medium Between the DPRK Constitution and Hong Kong Basic Law?

( Patricia Goedde ) 서울대학교 아시아태평양법연구소 2003 Journal of Korean Law Vol.3 No.2

This paper constitutes (1) a full-text English translation of the Basic Law of the Sinuiju Special Administrative Region of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea) and (2) comparative analyses of the Sinuiju Basic Law with the DPRK Constitution and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. To supplement the translation, the paper makes respective contextual and textual comparisons between the Sinuiju SAR and its Basic Law with (a) North Korea and its 1992 Constitution, and (b) Hong Kong and its Basic Law. The first section explores the North Korean rationale for establishing the Sinuiju SAR. It examines North Korea’s autarkic ideology of chuch’e, past legal attempts to lure foreign investment, and the differences between the Sinuiju SAR and other North Korean and Chinese special economic zones. It then compares the Sinuiju Basic Law with the DPRK Constitution, analyzing why certain provisions were kept or rejected. The second section discusses how the legal status of both Hong Kong and the Sinuiju SAR are different, especially on issues such as constitutional significance, regional autonomy and rule of law, before delving into a comparison of their Basic Laws. By analyzing which provisions were retained or excluded from the DPRK Constitution and the Hong Kong Basic Law, the author concludes that although the Sinuiju Basic Law may be a satisfactory compromise on paper between national policy and an idealized money-making venue, in reality the Sinuiju Basic Law is an ambiguous policy charter saturated with devices of state control, signaling that the future Sinuiju SAR will be yet another unsuccessful North Korean attempt to induce foreign investment.

Applying Judicial and Non-Judicial Approaches for Human Rights Accountability in North Korea

Patricia Goedde,송세련 한국인권학회 2024 인권연구 Vol.7 No.2

On the 10th anniversary of the 2014 UN Commission of Inquiry report on the situation of human rights in the DPRK, the advocacy community for North Korean human rights continues to grapple with the complex challenge of achieving accountability for grave human rights violations committed by the DPRK. Criminal prosecution remains constrained, leading advocates to pursue non-judicial strategies for accountability in tandem, such as truth-seeking, documentation, commemoration, and reparative initiatives to address the needs of victims of North Korean human rights abuses. This article (1) reviews the current status and challenges of litigation efforts against the DPRK leadership; (2) examines non-judicial accountability in terms of remedies and reparations under international human rights law; and (3) analyzes how reparative measures are applied by various stakeholders to support victims of North Korean human rights crimes.

Still Trading with the Enemy: U.S.Trade Laws Concerning North Korea

Patricia Goedde 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2004 성균관법학 Vol.16 No.2

Human Rights of Guantánomo Detainees under International and US Law: Revisiting the US Supreme Court Cases

Patricia Goedde (사) 이준국제법연구원 2014 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.7 No.1

This article reviews the US Supreme Court cases regarding detention of allegedterror suspects in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and examines the interplay betweeninternational human rights law and the American Constitution with respect to theexecutive policies of the Bush Administration to detain terror suspects. The articlefirst references the international human rights legal framework regarding detainees,specifically the Geneva Conventions and the Convention against Torture and OtherCruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment or Punishment, and then analyzesseminal cases brought before the Supreme Court by detainees, specifically how theSupreme Court interprets the US Constitution and international law in reaching itsdecisions regarding detainees at Guantanamo. While the Supreme Court provideddetainees the right to challenge the legality of their detentions through habeas corpuspetitions, limitations still exist as to the lack of extraterritorial application of rightsprotections as well as the domestic judicial failure to redress detainees’ subjection totorture and other abusive treatment.

미국법과 대북교역

patricia goedde 성균관대학교 법학연구원 2004 성균관법학 Vol.16 No.3

Global Trends in Clinical Legal Education

Patricia Goedde 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2013 성균관법학 Vol.25 No.2

5년 전 한국에서 법학전문대학원 제도가 시작된 이후, 전국적으로 법률 상담소가 확산되기 시작하고 있다 사회적 정의와 학생들의 실무교육이라는 이름으로 시작된 법률 상담소 교육은 1960 년대와 1970 년대부터 국제적으로 싹이 트기 시작하였다. 세계적인 법률 상담소 운동이 일어나려 한다는 최근의 주장들을 볼 때, 한국의 법학전문대학원들 이전 세계적으로 존재하는 법률 상담소 교육의 발전과 범위를 이해하는 것이 시의 적절하다. 구체적으로, 법률 상담소 교육은 이중적 목적 이 있다: 무료 또는 저가가 아닌 한 법률 서비스를 감당할 여유가 없는 취약계층에게 그러한 서비스를 제공하는 것과, 법학 학생들의 장래 전문적 업무를 위해 그들에게 실질적인 변호사 실무 기술을 배양하는 것이다. 이 글의 목적은 세계의 법률 상담소 교육, 특히 법률 상담소들이 어떻게 또한 왜 여러 나라에서 시작되었는지 그리고 어떻게 이들이 세계적으로 퍼지게 되었는지에 대한 간단한 조사를 소개하면서 동시에 그들이 세계적으로 발전하는데 있어서의 공통적 특성과 과제를 밝히는 것이다. 이 글은 기부에 의한 자금과 네트워크가 어떻게 법률 상담소 교육이 세계적으로 성장하는 것이용이 하게 끔 도와주었는지, 그리고 과연 국제적 법률 상담소 운동이 진정 일어나려 하는 것 인지에 대한 더 넓은 질문을 제시한다. 나아가, 이 글은 한국의 법률 상담소 교육이 국제적으로 어느 위치에 와있는지, 그 미래 궤도가 사회 적정의 와 변호사 실무 교육에 있어서 무엇 인지에 대해 묻는다. 이 글은 한국의 법학교육자들이 법률 상담소 교육의 이러한 세계적 자원과 네트워크에 몰두하기를 요청한다.

Beyond Sham: The North Korean Constitution

Patricia Goedde 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2020 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.44 No.1

The Constitution of the Democratic People’s Republic of Ko rea is often dismissed as a valid legal instrument within the larger framework of the North Korean legal system. This is an unsurprising outcome given the portrayal of North Ko rea as a totalitarian dictatorship, documented human rights abuses, and the lack of access to the country’s lawmaking processes. It is also a foreseeable result if comparisons are made to liberal democratic constitutions where rights guar antees and judicial review are defining elements. However, the North Korean Constitution deserves more nuanced scru tiny in light of evolving research on socialist and authori tarian constitutionalism in Asia. This article argues that the DPRK Constitution should be included more substantively within the analytical frameworks of Asian, socialist, and au thoritarian constitutionalism by virtue of how it functions to nation-build, legitimate institutional leadership, signal ideological shifts, regulate society on collectivist, duty-based principles, and guide economic reforms for development and modernization.

Integrating Human Rights into Sustainable Development Goals: The DPRK’s Voluntary National Review and Challenges Ahead

Patricia Goedde 한국법제연구원 2024 KLRI journal of law and legislation Vol.14 No.2

As 2024 marks the 10th anniversary of the United Nations Commission of Inquiry report on the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), the question of how to improve human rights within the country remains pressing. The DPRK presented its Voluntary National Review (VNR) at the UN High Level Political Forum in 2021, outlining its adherence to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper analyzes the extent to which the DPRK recognizes and implements a human rights-based approach to the SDGs, considering its history of human rights violations. A qualitative textual analysis of the DPRK’s VNR and UN documents reveals the challenges and potential alignments between DPRK’s national development strategies and a human rights-based approach. The findings suggest that while the DPRK shows some commitment to the SDGs, significant gaps remain in fully embracing a human rights framework. However, potential openings may exist to integrate HRBA into the country’s development agenda by leveraging international collaboration and technical assistance for data training and analysis.