단군을 배경으로 한 독립운동가 -경상도, 안동 지역을 중심으로-

김동환 ( Dong Hwan Gim ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원 국학연구원 2011 선도문화 Vol.11 No.-

항일독립운동에서 차지하는 대종교의 비중은 적지 않으나, 남아있는 자료가 극히 빈약하다. 대종교의 활동이 극비리에 행해진 것과 관련이 크다. 특히 1915년 10월 1일 이후는, 대종교가 사실상 종교활동의 중단 상태로 빠져들었다. 이로 인해 대종교는 포교뿐만이 아니라, 사사로운 집회나 강연 따위도 일절 금지되었다. 대종교가 귀일당이나 동원당·자유공단·조선어학회·해원도 등과 같이 철저하게 비밀결사 형태로 많이 움직이게 된 것도 이러한 배경과 연관된다. 경상도를 중심으로 대동청년단이나 조선국권회복단 역시 이러한 비밀결사와 밀접하다. 대동청년단은 단군계열의 철저한 비밀결사로, 그 중심에 윤세복과 안희제가 있었다. 조선국권회복단도 대구 지역 청년들의 정치적 비밀모임인 달성친목회의 회원을 구축으로 결성한 비밀결사로서, 단군대황조에 봉사(奉祀)했던 대종교적 민족주의 성향을 그대로 드러낸 집단이었다. 또한 일제의 대종교에 대한 철저한 감시·통제로 인한 기록의 부재에도 불구하고, 수많은 독립운동가들이 단군정신을 배경으로 활동했다. 이상설·김정규·주시경·이범윤·홍범도·이회영·김동삼·이상룡·유인식·남형우·권덕규·나운규·안창남 등을 위시하여, 정안립·조소앙·조맹선·이진룡·박장호·홍명희·신익희 등등, 열거하자면 적지 않은 인물들이 단군의 이름으로 잊혀져 간 인물들이었다. 경상도 지역도 예외는 아니다. 그 대표적인 인물들이, 밀양의 윤세복·윤세용 형제, 울산의 남형우와 최현배, 부산의 김두봉과 김갑(金甲)과 같은 인물들이 단군의 이름으로 항일전선에 앞장선 인물들이다. 또한 의령의 안희제와 이극로가 있는가 하면, 함안의 이중건과 이연건, 또한 김서종·김두종 형제를 비롯하여, 김천의 정열모와 같은 인물들도 모두 단군의 정신으로 독립전선에서 활동했다. 특히 애국충절의 고장 안동 지역 독립운동가들에게도 단군이라는 의미는 남달랐다. 당대의 기록이 거의 없어진 대종교단 내에서도, 안동 지역과 관련된 인물들이 적지 않았다. 이상룡이나 김동삼, 이동하나 유인식·김동택과 같은 인물이 그들이다. 또한 김정식이나 김정익, 권오설과 권오상 그리고 안기성 등과 같은 인물들이 모두, 단군의 이름으로 독립운동에 헌신한 인물들이다. Foremost in the independence movement, occupies a considerable role DAEJONGGYO(大倧敎), but the remaining material is extremely poor. DAEJONGGYO activity is related to what was done in secret. In particular, since October 1, 1915, DAEJONGGYO de facto state religion of the activity was stopped. Therefore, DAEJONGGYO evangelism, as well as both small jiphoena lectures were prohibited. Various groups associated with DAEJONGGYO became their secret activities are also associated with these reasons. Serve as a center of GYEONGSANGDO(慶尙道) Group is also closely with these secret societies. Serve as a center of GYEONGSANGDO is also closely with these secret societies. DAEDONG-Yuong Society(大東靑年團), especially thorough a secret organization of the Department of DANGUN, YUN-SEBOK in the center and there was AN-HEEJE. The JOSUN-KUKKYEON-HYEBOKDAN(大韓國權恢復團) secret political organization, ``A social gathering of DALSUNG(達城)`` secret society formed by members of the building, as was a group of nationalists who have a DANGUN(檀君)-faith. GYEONGSANGDO region is no exception. Typical figures are, MILYANG(密陽)`s YUN-SEBOK, YUN-SEYONG brother, ULSAN(蔚山)`s NAM-HYEONGWOO and CHOI-HYUNBAE, BUSAN(釜山)`s GIM-DOOBONG and include GIM-GAP. As the DANGUN-faith in the independence movement, they are headed figures. Also EUIRYEONG(宜寧)`s AN-HEEJE and have LEE-KEUKRO, HAMAN(咸安)`s LEE-JOONGGEON and LEE-YEONGEON, GIM-SEOJONG and GIM-DOOJONG also brothers, and GIMCHEON(金泉)`s JUNG-YEOLMO also all had the independence movement in the DANGUN-faith. In particular, the home of patriotism and loyalty of the independent activists ANDONG(安東) also mean that Christianity was something special. Rare in the history of ``House of DAEJONGGYO`` at the time but, ANDONG associated with the person they were quite a few. LEE-SANGRYONG and GIM-DONGSAM, LEE-DONGHA and YU-INSIK, and GIM-DONGTAEK are they. In addition, GIM-JUNGSIK and GIM- JUNGIK, GUEON-OSEOL and GUEON-OSANG, and AN-GISUNG, devoted to the independence movement in the DANGUN spirit.

Adsorption of Graphene Oxide onto Synthetic Fibers: Experimental Conditions

E. Giménez-Martín,J. A. Moleón-Baca,A. Ontiveros-Ortega,I. Plaza 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

Comparative studies on the adsorption capacity of two synthetic fibers, polyamide (PA 66) and polyester (PET) pre-treated with N-cetylpyridinium chloride (PET-NCPCl), towards graphene oxide (GO) have been carried out. The fiber samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results of adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and zeta potential determinations as a function of the GO concentration, pH, and temperature show that at a low pH of 2.5 and a high temperature of 323 K, almost 99 % of the 75 mg/l GO solution is adsorbed onto PA 66 and 70 % onto the PET-NCPCl fibers. The interaction should be first attributed to electrostatic forces, also the adsorption data exhibited a good fit to the Freundlich isotherm model and the free energy value of 10 kJ/mol was in the range of physical adsorption, which could suggest that the interaction is driven mainly by physical forces. Due to the increasing development of wastewater treatments based on the GO reactivity with metals and cationic contaminants, synthetic fibers coated with GO could be considered an adsorbent for environmental applications.

Percutaneous image-guided surgery

Mariano E. Giménez 소화기인터벤션의학회 2019 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.8 No.1

Percutaneous image-guided surgery

Mariano E. Giménez 소화기인터벤션의학회 2019 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.8 No.1

그릴파르쩌의 희곡 연구 : 중기 작품의 역사·정치적 색채를 중심으로

김정호 건국대학교 중원인문연구소 1998 중원인문논총 Vol.17 No.-

Die Skepsis gegenuber einer von Hegel beeinfluβten Geschichtsauffassung, fur die Geschichte der sich selber realisierende Begriff ist, wird durch die Einwirkung Schopenhauers noch verstarkt. Denn darin ist sich Grillparzer mit diesem einig : Die Geschichtswissenschaft hat es mit dem Bereich des Einzelnen und Zufalligen zu tun, der in seiner Wandelbarket und Zusammenhanglosikeit immer unvollkommen und fragwurdig bleiben muβ. So ist Grillparzer von einer gehobenen, romantischen Bewertung der Geschichtsstoffe weit entrernt, weil in jedem Falle die Leistung des Dichters erst in der hinzukommenden Verknupfung und Motivierung der Begebengeiten liegt. Seine Begriffe von Zweckmaβigkeit nach auβen einem Ganzen unterschiebt, das wohl nur eine nach innen kennt. Absicht findet, wo keine war, Plan, wo an kein Voraussehen zu denken, und wieder Zufall, wo tausend kleine Ursachen wirkten. Da es nun aber nicht die Begebenheiten, sondern ihre Berbindung und Begrundung ist, worauf es dem Dichter ankommt, so laβt ihn in Gottes Namen sich auf seine Begebenheiten selbst finden, wenn es anders dazu Lust hat. Die Dichtung bringt also erst den Zusammenhand und die Notwendigkeit, die die Geschichte von sich aus nicht besitzt, wahrend fur die romantische auffassung umgekehrt der Geschichtsdichter nur der treue Mittler fur den groβen Genius der Geschtichte ist.

Statistical Study and Prediction of Variability of Erythemal Ultraviolet Irradiance Solar Values in Valencia, Spain

Gonzalo Gurrea,Vicente Blanca-Giménez,Vicente Pérez,María-Antonia Serrano,Juan-Carlos Moreno,Solar Radiation Group of the Universitat Politècnica de València 한국기상학회 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.54 No.4

The goal of this study was to statistically analyse the variability of global irradiance and ultraviolet erythemal (UVER) irradiance and their interrelationships with global and UVER irradiance, global clearness indices and ozone. A prediction of short-term UVER solar irradiance values was also obtained. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were included in the data set, as well as a time series of ultraviolet irradiance variability (UIV). The study period was from 2005 to 2014 and approximately 250,000 readings were taken at 5-min intervals. The effect of the clearness indices on global irradiance variability (GIV) and UIV was also recorded and bi-dimensional distributions were used to gather information on the two measured variables. With regard to daily GIVand UIV, it is also shown that for global clearness index (kt) values lower than 0.6 both global and UVER irradiance had greater variability and that UIVon cloud-free days (kt higher than 0.65) exceeds GIV. To study the dependence between UIVand GIV the χ2 statistical method was used. It can be concluded that there is a 95% probability of a clear dependency between the variabilities.A connection between high kt (corresponding to cloudless days) and low variabilities was found in the analysis of bidimensional distributions. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were also analyzed and it was possible to calculate the probable future values of UVER irradiance by extrapolating the values of the adjustment curve obtained from the Gumbel distribution.

Meat Production in Environmentally-Friendly Systems in the North East of Corrientes, Argentina (Preliminary Results)

M. C. Goldfarb,L Giménez,F. Acosta,R. Vásquez 한국초지조사료학회 2007 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.06

Experimental study of beam-column joints in axially loaded RC columns strengthened by steel angles and strips

Jose M. Adam,Ester Giménez,Pedro A. Calderón 국제구조공학회 2008 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.8 No.4

The strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns by steel angles and strips (steel cage) is one of various techniques available to increase ultimate column load. Different authors have shown the influence of the beam-column joint on the behaviour of columns strengthened by steel cages. This paper presents an experimental study carried out at the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia with the aim of analysing two different techniques to solve the strengthening close to the joint and the influence on the behaviour of RC columns strengthened steel cages. The ultimate loads obtained in the laboratory tests for these two techniques are compared to that specified by Eurocode 4.

Molybdenum release from high burnup spent nuclear fuel at alkaline and hyperalkaline pH

García-Gómez Sonia,Giménez Javier,Casas Ignasi,Llorca Jordi,De Pablo Joan,Martínez-Torrents Albert,Clarens Frederic,Kokinda Jakub,Iglesias Luis,Serrano-Purroy Daniel 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1

This work presents experimental data and modelling of the release of Mo from high-burnup spent nuclear fuel (63 MWd/kgU) at two different pH values, 8.4 and 13.2 in air. The release of Mo from SF to the solution is around two orders of magnitude higher at pH = 13.2 than at pH = 8.4. The high Mo release at high pH would indicate that Mo would not be congruently released with uranium and would have an important contribution to the Instant Release Fraction, with a value of 5.3%. Parallel experiments with pure non irradiated Mo(s) and XPS determinations indicated that the faster dissolution at pH = 13.2 could be the consequence of the higher releases from metallic Mo in the fuel through a surface complexation mechanism promoted by the OH and the oxidation of the metal to Mo(VI) via the formation of intermediate Mo(IV) and Mo(V) species.

From image-guided surgery to surgeOmics: Facing the era of intelligent automation and robotics

Juan Manuel Verde,Mariano E. Giménez 소화기인터벤션의학회 2019 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.8 No.1

Digital images do not represent anatomy, they are just a reliable translation from a full-colored and three-dimensional physical world to a grayscale and two dimensions image domain. As a consequence of the imaging technologies disruption in the medical field, a vertiginous “race to see” had been seeking higher definitions. This process got closer and even exceed human naked-eye resolution and the human brain skills to decode gray-scale bidimensional pictures. In the diagnostic field, as a result, the last decade showed important technological advances addressing this issue and computer-aided detection and diagnosis emerged to complement and enhance radiologist frameworks. In this new era methodologies designed to extract more information from images are a must. Radiomics addressed this item using images as datasets, focusing in the region of interest and extracting features, allowing reproducibility, and finally introducing radiology into the quantitative sciences. Technological disruption in medical imaging also found momentum in the therapeutics arena, empowering a bunch of audacious surgeons to perform less invasive procedures with more confidence and precision, finally launching and shaping the image-guided surgery (IGS) discipline. Here instead, there is no “use as data” counter-part and surgeOmics is the first proposed approach. A wide range of semantic and agnostic features can be extracted from the different phases of the IGS’s workflow, like entry point coordinates, angle, distance, target location, amongst the most important ones. In summary, we are coining the surgeOmics neologism to name this approach, which holds great promises to deal with future demands. It has the potential to improve surgeon-hardware interaction and its central hypothesis is that distinctive algorithms using images as data can provide valuable information for personalized and precision surgery in the era of robotics and intelligent automation. SurgeOmics has emerged from IGS, but can be applied to other wide range of medical problems.