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Geum-Soog Kim,Seung-Eun Lee,Hyung-Jun Noh,Hyuck Kwon,Sung-Woo Lee,Seung-Yu Kim,Yong-Bum Kim 고려인삼학회 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.4
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of natural bioactive products such as Manda enzyme (T1), Yangmyeongwon (T2), effective microorganisms (T3), and Kelpak (T4) on the growth and ginsenoside contents of Panax ginseng cultured in an aeroponic system using a two-layer vertical type of nutrient bath under natural light conditions. The growth of ginseng plants showed specifi c characteristics according to the positions in which they were cultured due to the difference of light transmittance and temperature in the upper and lower layers during aeroponic culture in a two-layer vertical type of system. The growth of the aerial part of the leaves and stems of ginseng plants cultured in the lower layer (4,000 to 6,000 lx, 23°C to 26°C) of the nutrient bath was observed to be superior to that of the ginseng plants cultured in the upper layer (12,000 to 15,000 lx, 25°C to 28°C). The leaf area was signifi cantly larger in the treatment of T2 and T4 (46.70 cm2) than with other treatments. Conversely, the values of the root weight and root diameter were higher in ginseng plants cultured in the upper layer of the nutrient bath. The root weight was signifi cantly heavier in the treatment of T4 (6.46 g) and T3 (6.26 g) than with other treatments. The total ginsenoside content in the leaves and roots was highest in the ginseng plants cultured by the treatment of T1, at 16.20%, while the total ginsenoside content obtained by other treatments decreased in the order of T4, T5 (control), T2, and T3, at 13.21%, 12.30%, 14.84%, and 14.86%, respectively. The total ginsenoside content of the ginseng leaves was found to be signifi cantly higher in the treatment of T1 in the lower layer of the nutrient bath, at 15.30%, while the content of the ginseng roots in the treatments of T3 and T4, at 1.27% and 1.23%, respectively, was signifi cantly higher than in other treatments in the upper layer of the nutrient bath.
( Geum Soog Kim ),( Seung Eun Lee ),( Tae Sook Jeong ),( Chun Geun Park ),( Jung Sook Sung ),( Jung Bong Kim ),( Yoon Pyo Hong ),( Young Chul Kim ),( Kyung Sik Song ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.4
β-Sitosterol (1), betulinic acid (2), and 3β-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid methyl ester (3) were isolated from the herbal parts of Lythrum salicaria. Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated for the first time from L. salicaria and they showed inhibitory activities on both hACAT1 and hACAT2. These results suggested that L. salicaria, which contains triterpenes 2 and 3, might be effective in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis due to its inhibitory effect on hACAT.
Human Acyl-CoACholesterol Acyltransferase-inhibiting Dammarane Triterpenes from Rhus chinensis
( Geum Soog Kim ),( Tae Sook Jeong ),( Young Ock Kim ),( Nam In Baek ),( Seon Woo Cha ),( Jong Won Lee ),( Kyung Sik Song ) 한국응용생명화학회 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.4
In the process of screening for anti-human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT) agents from plant resources, we found that the 80% methanolic extract of Rhus chinensis (R. chinensis) exhibited significant antioxidative and hACAT activities in rats. Two compounds were isolated as active principles from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the branches of R. chinensis. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined as hydroxydammarenone and semialactone, respectively, by means of MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 has been isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities on both human ACAT1 with IC50 values of 12.4, and 79.1 μM and on human ACAT2 with IC(50) values of 30.5 and 76.9 μM, respectively. These results suggested that R. chinensis containing dammarane triterpenes 1 and 2 might be effective in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis via inhibitory effect on hACAT.
Geum Soog Kim,Tae Sook Jeong,Young Ock Kim,Nam In Baek,Seon Woo Cha,Jong Won Lee,Kyung Sik Song 한국응용생명화학회 2010 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.53 No.4
In the process of screening for anti-human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT) agents from plant resources, we found that the 80% methanolic extract of Rhus chinensis (R. chinensis) exhibited significant antioxidative and hACAT activities in rats.
Human Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase-inhibiting Dammarane Triterpenes from Rhus chinensis
Kim, Geum-Soog,Jeong, Tae-Sook,Kim, Young-Ock,Baek, Nam-In,Cha, Seon-Woo,Lee, Jong-Won,Song, Kyung-Sik The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.4
In the process of screening for anti-human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT) agents from plant resources, we found that the 80% methanolic extract of Rhus chinensis (R. chinensis) exhibited significant antioxidative and hACAT activities in rats. Two compounds were isolated as active principles from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the branches of R. chinensis. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined as hydroxydammarenone and semialactone, respectively, by means of MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 has been isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities on both human ACAT1 with $IC_{50}$ values of 12.4, and $79.1\;{\mu}M$ and on human ACAT2 with $IC_{50}$ values of 30.5 and $76.9\;{\mu}M$, respectively. These results suggested that R. chinensis containing dammarane triterpenes 1 and 2 might be effective in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis via inhibitory effect on hACAT.
김금숙(Geum-Soog Kim),현동윤(Dong Yun Hyun),김영옥(Young Ock Kim),이승은(Seung Eun Lee),권혁(Hyuck Kwon),차선우(Seon Woo Cha),박충범(Chung Berm Park),김용범(Young Bum Kim) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.2
인삼은 일반적으로 약용으로 사용하기 위해 4-6년근을 재배하여 백삼 또는 홍삼으로 사용한다. 본 연구에서는 인삼을 기능성 채소로서의 가능성을 평가하기 위해 120일 동안 여러 종류의 혼합배지에서 단기 수경재배한 후 인삼의 뿌리, 잎, 줄기 등 부위별 ginsenoside 함량과 조성을 분석하였다. 뿌리와 잎에서는 모든 혼합배지 종류에서 total ginsenoside 함량이 1월 정식재배 조건보다는 3월 정식재배 조건에서 더 높았다. 특히 뿌리와 잎은 각각 T5(황토:펄라이트:팽화왕겨=4:3:3), T6(모래:원예상토=4:6) 혼합배지에서 그 함량이 1.47, 16.06%로서 가장 높았다. 반면에 줄기는 1월 정식재배 조건에서 그 함량이 더 높았으며, 특히 T5 혼합배지에서 그 함량이 1.39%로서 가장 높았다. 수경재배 인삼의 잎에는 다년근 수삼에서는 거의 검출이 되지 않는 Rh1 성분이 0.15-0.25%(T5, T6 배지) 함유되어 있고, 인삼 뿌리와는 다른 조성비를 나타내어 Rd 성분이 Rg1 다음으로 다량 함유되어 있었다. 인삼 뿌리, 잎, 줄기의 PD/PT 비율은 각각 0.5-0.6, 0.5-0.7, 0.1-0.2(1월 및 3월 정식재배 T5, T6 배지) 정도로서 일반 다년근 재배인삼의 뿌리보다 낮았다. 결론적으로, 인삼의 ginsenoside 성분이 우수한 수경재배 조건은 3월 정식재배의 T5, T6 혼합배지 조건이었으며, 이 수경재배 조건에서 인삼 잎은 뿌리와 줄기에서보다 total ginsenoside 함량이 높았다. 이것은 수경재배 인삼이 뿌리 단독보다는 뿌리와 잎, 줄기를 모두 활용하는 기능성 채소로서 우수한 소재임을 시사하였다. It has been known that 4-6 years old roots of Panax ginseng are used traditionally for medicinal purpose as white ginseng or steamed red ginseng. In this research, the contents and composition of ginsenoside in different parts such as root, leaf, and stem of Panax gingeng were investigated after short term hydroponics in several kinds of mixed culture media for 120 days to evaluate Panax ginseng as new functional vegetables. Total ginsenoside contents of root and leaf were higher on the ginsengs cultured after planting on March 25, 2008 (PMar) than planting on January 20, 2008 (PJan), regardless of the kinds of mixed culture media. Especially, total ginsenoside contents in root and leaf were the highest as 1.47 (T5 culture medium; Loess:Perlite:Expanded rice hull mixed 4:3:3) and 16.06% (T6 culture medium; Sand:Horticultural substrate mixed 4:6), respectively. On the other hand, the content of total ginsenoside in stem was higher in PJan, and the content was the highest as 1.39% in T5 culture medium. Rh1 that is hardly detected in 4-6 years old ginseng root was contained in leaf of hydroponics ginseng as 0.15-0.25% (T5, T6). Leaf of hydroponics ginseng showed that Rd was second ingredient next to Rg1, differently from ginseng root. The ratio of protopanaxdiol (PD) and protopanaxatriol saponins (PT) in root, leaf, and stem of Panax ginseng were lower than root of 4-6 years old ginseng as 0.5-0.6, 0.5-0.7, and 0.1-0.2 (PJan, PMar; T5, T6), respectively. Conclusively, T5 and T6 culture media of PMar condition were the most excellent hydroponics condition due to high ginsenoside content, and the content of total ginsenoside in leaf was significantly higher than in root and stem, which suggested that the whole ginseng plant including root, leaf, and stem might be an excellent source as new functional vegetables.