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Combinatorial and geometric optimization of a parabolic trough solar collector
Anubhav Goel,Gaurav Manik,Om Prakash Verma 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.2
The current investigation reveals the need for combinatorial and geometric optimization for parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) and proposes methods to perform them. An analytical model of PTSC was drafted, which emerged to be quite accurate when exhaustively validated using experimental results. The analysis reveals that superior properties of design components (solar selective absorber coatings (SSACs), heat transfer fluids (HTFs), etc.) cannot guarantee better performance, as there are many interacting factors. Also, a particular combination of components can perform better at a certain temperature while lagging at another. To acquire an optimal combination of components, combinatorial optimization is introduced and carried out for PTSCs, using genetic algorithm (GA). Six SSACs, three absorber materials, and five HTFs are considered, significant efficiency improvements of 8% at 150 oC and 6% at 300 oC are observed. This study discloses that geometrical parameters (length and width of collector, focal length, etc.) possess positive as well negative impacts on efficiency. By varying these in a reasonable range, optimal values that lead to improved efficiency can be obtained. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to attain this geometric optimization, and improvement of 3% in efficiency is noticed by only ±5% variation in dimensions.
Energy management in multi stage evaporator through a steady and dynamic state analysis
Om Prakash Verma,Gaurav Manik,Toufiq Haji Mohammed 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.10
Increasing energy demand, high cost of energy and global warming issues across the globe require energyintensive industries, such as paper mills to improve energy efficiency. Multi-stage evaporators used to concentrate the black liquor in such mills form its most energy consuming unit and require a strong understanding of steady and unsteady state behavior to ensure energy savings. The modeling of nonlinear heptads’ effect system yielded a set of complex nonlinear algebraic and differential equations that are analyzed using Interior-point method and state space representation. Dynamic response of product concentration and system vapor temperatures along with system stability and controllability have been explored by disturbing the flow rate, concentration and temperature of feed, and fresh steam flow rate. Simulations predict that steam flow rate, feed flow rate and its concentration invariably are major controlling factors (in decreasing order) of vapor temperature and product concentration. The interactive behavior between different effects translates into slower responses of the effects with increasing separation from disturbance source. This steady state and transient study opens many new explanations to this relatively less explored area and helps to propose and implement industrial PID controllers to reduce steam consumption and control product quality.