http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Physicochemical Properties of Gelatin Extracted from Buffalo Hide Pretreated with Different Acids
Sri Mulyani,Francis.M.C,Sigit Setyabudi,Yudi Pranoto,Umar Santoso 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.5
The acid pretreatment of collagen molecules disrupts their crosslinks and assists in the release of acid-soluble proteins, fats, and other components. Generally, to achieve optimum extraction efficiency, strong acids may be used at a lower acid concentration compared to weak acids. This study aimed to determine the yield and physicochemical properties of gelatins extracted from buffalo hides pretreated with different acids. Hides were extracted with hydrochloric, citric, and acetic acids at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 M. A completely randomized design and the least significant difference test were used in the experimental design, and all measurements were performed in triplicate. The highest yield (29.17%) was obtained from pretreatment with 0.9 M HCl. The gel strength did not differ significantly (p>0.05) according to acid type (280.26-259.62 g Bloom), and the highest viscosity was obtained from the 0.6 M citric acid pretreatment. All the gelatins contained α- and β-chain components and several degraded peptides (24-66 kDa). The color and Fourier-transform infrared spectrum of the gelatin extracted using 0.9 M HCl were similar to those of commercial bovine skin gelatin. In general, the physicochemical properties of the gelatin complied with the industry standard set by the Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America, revealing that buffalo hide could serve as a potential alternative source of gelatin.
Log-Average-SNR Ratio and Cooperative Spectrum Sensing
Dian-Wu Yue,Francis C. M. Lau,Qian Wang 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.3
In this paper, we analyze the spectrum-sensing performanceof a cooperative cognitive radio (CR) network consisting ofa number of CR nodes and a fusion center (FC). We introduce the“log-average-SNR ratio” that relates the average SNR of the CRnode-FC link and that of the primary-user-CR-node link. Assumingthat the FC utilizes theK-out-of-N rule as its decision rule, wederive exact expressions for the sensing gain and the coding gain— parameters used to characterize the CR network performanceat the high SNR region. Based on these results, we determine waysto optimize the performance of the CR network.
Lee, Jinwoo,Jung, Yoon S.,Warren, Scott C.,Kamperman, Marleen,Oh, Seung M.,DiSalvo, Francis J.,Wiesner, Ulrich WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol.212 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mesoporous and highly crystalline TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (anatase)/carbon composites with large (>5 nm) and uniform pores were synthesized using PI‐<I>b</I>‐PEO block copolymers as structure directing agents. Pore sizes could be tuned by utilizing block copolymers with different molecular weights. The resulting mesoporous TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/carbon was successfully used as an anode material for Li ion batteries. Without addition of conducting aid (Super P), the electrode showed high capacity during the first insertion/desertion cycle due to carbon wiring inside the walls of mesoporous TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/carbon. The electrode further showed stable cycle performance up to 50 cycles and the specific charge capacity at 30 C was 38 mA h (g of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUP>−1</SUP>, which indicates CCM‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/carbon can be used as a material for high rate use. </P>
Dasgupta-Schubert, N.,Tiwari, D.K.,Francis, E. Reyes,Martinez Torres, P.,Villasenor Cendejas, L.M.,Lara Romero, J.,Villasenor Mora, C. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in nano research Vol.5 No.3
Multiwalled carbon-nanotubes (MWCNT) and micro-structured carbon, such as biochar or activated carbon (AC), have been seen to significantly increase the growth indices of certain plant species such as maize (Zea mays L.). Seed imbibition is the stage where environmental factors that affect water transport across the seed coat barrier, make a large impact. This work explores the effect on water imbibition by maize seeds when the aqueous environment surrounding the seed is diluted by small concentrations (10 and 20 mg/l) of pristine MWCNT (p-MWCNT), carboxylate functionalized MWCNT (COO-MWCNT) and AC. The degree of sensitivity of the process to (i) large structural changes is seen by utilizing the nano (the MWCNT) and the micro (the AC) allotropic forms of carbon; (ii) to small changes in the purity and morphology of the p-MWCNT by utilizing 95% pure and 99% pure p-MWCNTs of slightly differing morphologies; and (iii) to MWCNT functionalization by using highly pure (97%) COO-MWCNT. Water imbibition was monitored over a 15 hour period by Near Infrared Thermography (NIRT) and also by seed weighing. Seed surface topography was seen by SEM imaging. Analysis of the NIRT images suggests rapid seed surface topological changes with the quantity of water imbibed. While further work is necessary to arrive at a conclusive answer, this work shows that the imbibition phase of the maize seed is sensitive to the presence of MWCNT even to small differences in the purity of the p-MWCNT and to small differences in the physicochemical properties of the medium caused by the hydrophilic COO-MWCNT.