Short-term exposure to gold nanoparticle suspension impairs swimming behavior in a widespread calanoid copepod

Michalec, Franç,ois-Gaë,l,Holzner, Markus,Barras, Alexandre,Lacoste, Anne-Sophie,Brunet, Loï,c,Lee, Jae-Seong,Slomianny, Christian,Boukherroub, Rabah,Souissi, Sami Elsevier 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.228 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Calanoid copepods play an important role in the functioning of marine and brackish ecosystems. Information is scarce on the behavioral toxicity of engineered nanoparticles to these abundant planktonic organisms. We assessed the effects of short-term exposure to nonfunctionalized gold nanoparticles on the swimming behavior of the widespread estuarine copepod <I>Eurytemora affinis</I>. By means of three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry, we reconstructed the trajectories of males, ovigerous and non-ovigerous females. We quantified changes in their swimming activity and in the kinematics and geometrical properties of their motion, three important descriptors of the motility patterns of zooplankters. In females, exposure to gold nanoparticles in suspension (11.4 <I>μ</I>g L<SUP>−1</SUP>) for 30 min caused depressed activity and lower velocity and acceleration, whereas the same exposure caused minimal effects in males. This response differs clearly from the hyperactive behavior that is commonly observed in zooplankters exposed to pollutants, and from the generally lower sensitivity of female copepods to toxicants. Accumulation of gold nanoparticles on the external appendages was not observed, precluding mechanical effects. Only very few nanoparticles appeared sporadically in the inner part of the gut in some samples, either as aggregates or as isolated nanoparticles, which does not suggest systemic toxicity resulting from pronounced ingestion. Hence, the precise mechanisms underlying the behavioral toxicity observed here remain to be elucidated. These results demonstrate that gold nanoparticles can induce marked behavioral alterations at very low concentration and short exposure duration. They illustrate the applicability of swimming behavior as a suitable and sensitive endpoint for investigating the toxicity of nanomaterials present in estuarine and marine environments. Changes in swimming behavior may impair the ability of planktonic copepods to interact with their environment and with other organisms, with possible impacts on population dynamics and community structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We studied the motion of copepods exposed to non-functionalized gold nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Exposure depressed swimming activity and velocity in females but not in males. </LI> <LI> This response differs from the hyperactivity commonly observed with pollutants. </LI> <LI> We observed accumulation neither in the digestive track nor on the appendages. </LI> <LI> Nanomaterials can induce marked behavioral toxicity at very low concentrations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Coffee provides a natural multitarget pharmacopeia against the hallmarks of cancer

Gaascht, Franç,ois,Dicato, Mario,Diederich, Marc Springer-Verlag 2015 Genes & nutrition Vol.10 No.6

Editorial: Nanobio versus Bionano - what's in a name?

Baneyx, Franç,ois,Park, Je-Kyun Wiley (John WileySons) 2013 Biotechnology journal Vol.8 No.2

<P>Nanobio versus Bionano--what's in a name? This special Issue of Biotechnology Journal includes two sections, one featuring articles on nanobio, the other articles on bionano. The editors of the issue, Fran?ois Baneyx and Je-Kyun Park, discuss the similarities and differences between the two in their editorial.</P>

Integrative Physiology: At the Crossroads of Nutrition, Microbiota, Animal Physiology, and Human Health

Leulier, Franç,ois,MacNeil, Lesley T.,Lee, Won-jae,Rawls, John F.,Cani, Patrice D.,Schwarzer, Martin,Zhao, Liping,Simpson, Stephen J. Elsevier 2017 Cell metabolism Vol.25 No.3

<P>Nutrition is paramount in shaping all aspects of animal biology. In addition, the influence of the intestinal microbiota on physiology is now widely recognized. Given that diet also shapes the intestinal microbiota, this raises the question of how the nutritional environment and microbial assemblages together influence animal physiology. This research field constitutes a new frontier in the field of organismal biology that needs to be addressed. Here we review recent studies using animal models and humans and propose an integrative framework within which to define the study of the diet-physiology-microbiota systems and ultimately link it to human health. Nutritional Geometry sits centrally in the proposed framework and offers means to define diet compositions that are optimal for individuals and populations.</P>

TACE Treatment in Patients with Sorafenib-treated Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Clinical Practice: Final Analysis of GIDEON

Geschwind, Jean-Franç,ois,Kudo, Masatoshi,Marrero, Jorge A.,Venook, Alan P.,Chen, Xiao-Ping,Bronowicki, Jean-Pierre,Dagher, Lucy,Furuse, Junji,de Guevara, Laura Ladró,n,Papandreou, Christo RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA 2016 Radiology Vol.279 No.2

<P>Purpose: To evaluate transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) use prior to and concomitantly with sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across different global regions. Materials and Methods: GIDEON is an observational registry study of more than 3000 HCC patients. Patients with histologically, cytologically, or radiographically diagnosed HCC, and for whom a decision had been made to treat with sorafenib, were eligible. Patients were enrolled into the registry from 39 countries beginning in January 2009, with the last patient follow-up in April 2012. Detailed data on treatment history, treatment patterns, adverse events, and outcomes were collected. All treatment decisions were at the discretion of the treating physicians. Documented approval from local ethics committees was obtained, and all patients provided signed informed consent. Descriptive statistics, including minimum, median, and maximum, were calculated for metric data, and frequency tables for categorical data. Kaplan-Meier estimates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for survival end points. Results: A total of 3202 patients were eligible for safety analysis, of whom 2631 (82.2%) were male. Median age was 62 years (range, 15-98 years). A total of 1511 (47.2%) patients underwent TACE prior to sorafenib; 325 (10.1%) underwent TACE concomitantly. TACE prior to sorafenib was more common in Japan and Asia- Pacific compared with all other regions (362 [71.3%] and 560 [60.3%] vs 12-209 [13.3%-37.1%]). Adverse events were reported in 2732 (85.3%) patients overall, with no notable differences in the incidence of adverse events, regardless of TACE treatment history. Overall survival was 12.7 months in prior-TACE patients, 9.2 months in non-prior-TACE patients, 21.6 months in concomitant-TACE patients, and 9.7 months in non-concomitant-TACE patients. Conclusion: Global variation exists in TACE use in sorafenib-treated HCC patients. The combination of TACE with sorafenib appears to be a well-tolerated and viable therapeutic approach. (C) RSNA, 2016</P>

The applicability of Weibull model for the kinetics inactivation of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Escherichia coli O157: H7</i> on soybean sprouts submitted to chemical sanitizers in combination with ultrasound at mild temperatures

Ngnitcho, Paul-Franç,ois Kounkeu,Tango, Charles Nkufi,Khan, Imran,Daliri, Eric Banan- Mwine,Chellian, Ramachandran,Oh, Deog Hwan Elsevier 2018 FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -ZURICH- Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This research was performed to evaluate the inactivation kinetics of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), fumaric acid (FA) and their combination simultaneous with ultrasound (US) at a mild temperature against <I>L.monocytogenes</I> and <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7 on sprouts. The effects of combined treatments on sensory quality of sprouts were also examined. A t<SUB>4D</SUB> equal to 10 min was needed for the combined SAEW with FA (SAEW + FA) at 40 °C to reach 4 log reduction of <I>L.monocytogenes;</I> while the same combination simultaneous with ultrasound (SAEW + FA + US) provided the t<SUB>4D</SUB> value of 12; 7 and 3 min for <I>L.monocytogenes</I> at 23°, 30° and 40 °C respectively. For <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7, only (SAEW + FA + US) gave the t<SUB>4D</SUB> of 14; 9 and 3 min at 23°, 30°, and 40 °C respectively. The Weibull model provided a good fit with R<SUP>2</SUP> ≥ 0.9 for both bacteria and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were in the range of 0.01–0.48 for <I>L.monocytogenes</I> and 0.02–0.54 for <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7. The samples submitted to both combined treatments remained in good quality at the end of storage with slight deterioration due to ultrasound usage. This study suggests that the Weibull model could successfully be used to determine exact contact time for inactivating foodborne pathogens on food.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SAEW+FA and SAEW+FA+US treatments were more effective compared to single treatments. </LI> <LI> Increasing temperature in combined treatment decreases the time required to inactivate 4 log (t<SUB>4D</SUB>). </LI> <LI> Quality of SAEW+FA and SAEW+FA+US treated samples remained acceptable at the end of storage. </LI> </UL> </P>

Variance Estimation for Fractional Brownian Motions with Fixed Hurst Parameters

Coeurjolly, Jean-franÇ,ois,Lee, Kichun,Vidakovic, Brani Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2014 Communications in Statistics Vol.43 No.8

Risk Factors for Buruli Ulcer: A Case Control Study in Cameroon

Pouillot, Ré,gis,Matias, Gon&ccedil,alo,Wondje, Christelle Mbondji,Portaels, Franç,oise,Valin, Nadia,Ngos, Franç,ois,Njikap, Adelaï,de,Marsollier, Laurent,Fontanet, Arnaud,Eyango Public Library of Science 2007 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.1 No.3

<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Buruli ulcer is an infectious disease involving the skin, caused by <I>Mycobacterium ulcerans</I>. This disease is associated with areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant. However, the exact mechanism of transmission of the bacillus and the development of the disease through human activities is unknown.</P><P><B>Methodology/Principal Findings</B></P><P>A case-control study to identify Buruli ulcer risk factors in Cameroon compared case-patients with community-matched controls on one hand and family-matched controls on the other hand. Risk factors identified by the community-matched study (including 163 pairs) were: having a low level of education, swamp wading, wearing short, lower-body clothing while farming, living near a cocoa plantation or woods, using adhesive bandages when hurt, and using mosquito coils. Protective factors were: using bed nets, washing clothes, and using leaves as traditional treatment or rubbing alcohol when hurt. The family-matched study (including 118 pairs) corroborated the significance of education level, use of bed nets, and treatment with leaves.</P><P><B>Conclusions/Significance</B></P><P>Covering limbs during farming activities is confirmed as a protective factor guarding against Buruli ulcer disease, but newly identified factors including wound treatment and use of bed nets may provide new insight into the unknown mode of transmission of <I>M. ulcerans</I> or the development of the disease.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical infectious disease caused by <I>Mycobacterium ulcerans</I>. While BU is associated with areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant, the exact mechanism of transmission of the bacillus is unknown, impairing efficient control programs. Two hypotheses are proposed in the literature: previous trauma at the lesion site, and transmission through aquatic insect bites. Using results from a face-to-face questionnaire, our study compared characteristics from Cameroonian patients with Buruli ulcer to people without Buruli ulcer. This latter group of people was chosen within the community or within the family of case patients. The statistical analysis confirmed some well-known factors associated with the presence of BU, such as wearing short lower-body clothing while farming, but it showed that the use of bed nets and the treatment of wounds with leaves is less frequent in case patients. These newly identified factors may provide new insight into the mode of transmission of <I>M. ulcerans</I>. The implication of domestic or peridomestic insects, suggested by the influence of the use of bed nets, should be confirmed in specific studies.</P></▼2>

Engrailed homeoprotein blocks degeneration in adult dopaminergic neurons through LINE‐1 repression

Blaudin de Thé,, Franç,ois‐,Xavier,Rekaik, Hocine,Peze‐,Heidsieck, Eugenie,Massiani‐,Beaudoin, Olivia,Joshi, Rajiv L,Fuchs, Julia,Prochiantz, Alain EMBO 2018 The EMBO journal Vol.37 No.15

Dasatinib treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias : Practical considerations

Khoury, Hanna Jean,Guilhot, Franç,ois,Hughes, Timothy P.,Kim, Dong-Wook,Cortes, Jorge E. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Cancer Vol.115 No.7

<P>Dasatinib is a highly potent Bcr-Abl inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of imatinib-resistant or -intolerant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Across a series of phase 2 and 3 trials, dasatinib was associated with durable treatment responses in all phases of the disease and was well tolerated. For this article, the authors reviewed available information on specific side effects associated with the use of dasatinib. On the basis of more than 2 years' experience of dasatinib treatment during clinical trials, they provide practical recommendations for side-effect management. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.</P>