중국 희곡의 지역적 양상 - 월극(越劇)과 조극(潮劇)을 중심으로

왕비연 ( Wang¸ Feiyan ) 강원대학교 강원문화연구소 2019 강원문화연구 Vol.40 No.-

중국의 지역적 전통희극의 가장 기본적인 특징은 그 지역의 언어, 곧 방언(方言, 사투리)으로 공연하다는 것이다. 물론 공연의 내용과 형식도 모두 그 지역의 풍속이나 민중들의 생활 관습과 긴말하게 연결되어 있다. 방언으로 공연하기 때문에 그 지역의 주민이 아닌 사람이라면 거의 공연의 내용을 알아들 수가 없다. 이런 특징은 어떻게 보면 일정한 폐쇄성 혹은 배타성을 지니고 있는 것처럼 보일 수도 있지만 다른 각도에서 봤을 때 이런 특징은 오히려 지방극이 자신의 독특한 지역적인 특징을 유지할 수 있게 보호하는 일종의 보호장치와 같은 것이라 할 수 있다. 본고는 중국 전통희곡 중에 월극과 조극을 선택하여 이 두 극종의 지역적인 양상을 살펴보고, 이런 지역적인 양상이 <춘향전>의 개작에 어떤 영향을 주었는지를 간단하게 정리해보았다. 월극의 발족이 비록 농촌에서 시작하였으나 그의 정장과 발전이 거의 모두 상해에서 이루었다. 도시 관람객의 취향에 맞게 발전해 왔기 때문에 음악과 작품의 내용면에서 모두 예술적인 수준이 높은 문인적인 경향을 띠고 있다. 월극과 달리 조극은 조산지역에서 발생할 때부터 종교적인 제사와 혼례나 장례 등 인간사회의 통과의례와 연결되어 있어서 서민적인 경향이 더 강하다. 지방극은 방언으로 공연하기 때문에 해당지역의 사람들이 자기끼리만 즐길 수 있는 특별한 문화재이라 할 수 있다. 그리고 현대사회에서 지방극의 공연은 이미 일종의 민속적인 문화가 되고, 한 마을이나 도시공동체의 집단적인 문화 활동이 된다. 그런 지방극이 가지고 있는 고유한 DNA도 그 지역의 사람들의 정신세계에서 계속해서 존재할 수 있을 것이다. The fundamental characteristics of Chinese traditional opera is perform in dialect, so it's hard for people who living in other areas to understand the story well. This characteristics seems like closed and exclusive but it can protect the local identity. Chinese traditional opera have already became one kind of folk culture, it's more important for the locals to enjoy their culture with their community, people who living in other areas can understand the story or not has not be considered at the beginning. This paper studied the Regional Characteristics of Chinese Opera, The Chinese enjoy many traditional adaptations of < Chun-hyang Jeon >. Yue opera’s is the most famous. In Yue opera, the story becomes a simple love story. Differences between Chinese and North Korean cultures and customs led to changes to appeal to Chinese sensibilities. The Chao opera < Chun-hyang Jeon > portrays the characters more populist, adding local customs like pray for the moon at Mid Autumn Festival and singing songs at birthday parties. Perform in dialect makes the traditional opera part of folk culture. It can bring strong identity to the rural or urban community. Some local customs and culture already becomes something like DNA stay in the local's spiritual world.

Numerical Simulation of Fatigue Behavior for Cable-stayed Orthotropic Steel Deck Bridges using Mixed-dimensional Coupling Method

Fei Yan,Zhibin Lin,Ying Huang 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.6

Effective methods and technologies in fatigue behavior and assessment for cable-stayed orthotropic steel deck bridges are critical to ensure their safety and serviceability. In this study, a mixed-dimensional finite element coupling method is used for structural fatigue assessment. A general framework of the Mix-dimensional Coupling (MDC) method is constructed on the basis of a compromise between simplicity and efficiency as compared to conventional sub-modeling or substructure method. Fatigue details and performance at welded joints have been investigated through the MDC method. Efficiency of the MDC method is demonstrated by a comparison with the simplified Bridge-deck-system (BDS) method. Besides the benefits of the saving time, the numerical simulation also indicated that the MDC method can effectively capture the global behavior for better fatigue prediction, that be ignored in the conventional BDS method as expected. Findings suggest that the MDC method is a cost-effective alternative for fatigue behavior and fatigue assessment of large-span orthotropic steel deck bridges.

A study of multi-layer multi-pass laser depositing with 316L stainless steel wire

Fei Yan,Yuanqing Luo,Chunming Wang 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.4

In this article, laser metal-wire depositing was conducted on 316 L stainless steel. Microstructures and mechanical properties of deposited samples were carefully studied employing an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other methodologies. A well-formed product was successfully acquired by means of process optimization including multi-layer single-pass and single-layer multi-pass laser deposition. The structures of multi-layer multi-pass deposited samples exhibited the characteristics of epitaxial column growth. The resulting ferrite at grain boundaries (GBs) revealed a subgrain structure. The brand structures between adjacent layers were composed of tiny cellular and columnar grains, meaning unexpected metallurgical bonding. The average hardness was 222 HV and no much fluctuation occurred in tested samples. The maximum tensile strength and elongation of deposited samples reached 110 % and 140 % of rolled samples, respectively. The uniformlydistributed dimples at the fracture proved that laser depositing product had good plasticity and ductility.

Study on softening behavior of laser welded joint in GH909 alloy

Fei Yan,Tao Zhan,Sang Liu,Zhengwu Zhu,Chunming Wang,Xiyuan Hu 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.11

Laser beam welding was conducted on GH909 alloy in a solution treatment and aging conditions. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and softening behavior of welded joints were carefully studied using scanning electron microscopy, energy diffraction spectroscopy, and other techniques. Results indicated that γ′-Ni 3 (TiAl)-precipitated phases were produced inside the matrix, and the presence of Laves at grain boundaries restricted grain growth. A sharp reduction in γ′-precipitated phases evidently weakened the average tensile strength and microhardness of the welded joints. Moreover, fractures occurred in the weld zone. Microcracks in the fracture of the joint mainly depended on the competition result between thermal stress and cohesion forces among the grains.

Microstructure and phase constitution near the interface of Cu/3003 torch brazing using Al-Si-La-Sr filler

Fei Yan,Daorong Xu,S.C. Wu,Qinde Sun,Chunming Wang,Yajun Wang 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.12

It has been mainly studied in this paper on brazing of Cu to Al using Al–Si filler metal. The optimized scanning rate of 2.5 mm/s is first obtained through simulating the temperature field of Cu-Al brazing process based on ANSYS software. Then the brazing of Cu-C11000 to Al-3003 using Al–Si–La–Sr filler is carried out by torch brazing technology. It is found that the brazing seam region is mainly consisted of α-Al solid solution and CuAl2 IMC. Further experimental results also show that the rare earth element La in filler metal can not only refine the grain, but also promote the dispersion of intermetallic compounds into the brazing seam, which significantly improves the brazing seam microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints.

CO and C3H6 oxidation over La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 catalysts: Influence of preparation solvent

Fei Yan,Ping Li,Xia Zhang 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.5

High surface area powders, La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 (LSCO), were prepared by a hard template method with a template of SBA-15. In the preparation process, the solvent was ethanol, the mixture of ethanol and water, and water, respectively. Characterizations were performed to understand the properties of the catalysts. When the solvent is a mixture of ethanol and water, the prepared LSCO has the most easily extracted surface adsorbed oxygen in the H2 atmosphere, exhibiting the best light-off performances for CO oxidation. However, the LSCO prepared in ethanol solvent has the best lattice oxygen mobility, resulting in the best light-off performance for C3H6 oxidation. Moreover, the LSCO prepared in ethanol also shows the best catalytic activity for both CO and C3H6 oxidation under the conditions of simulated diesel exhaust. Furthermore, Pd was impregnated on the LSCO, which was prepared by a sol-gel method and a hard template method, separately; the later one shows higher CO and C3H6 catalytic oxidation activity.

Pressure Drop Analysis and Prediction of Wind Power Stations Lubrication System Based on CFD and GRNN

Fei Yan,Lei Sun,Ziyu WANG,Rui Zhu 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1

Low-temperature pressure drop experiments take a long time, in this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a general regression neural network (GRNN) are used to predict the pressure drop in a wind power lubrication system to serve as an alternative to experiments. The simulation results show a clear increase in the yield stress as the temperature decreases, especially under -35℃. The factors that affect the pressure of lubricating grease transport are as follows in decreasing order of importance: temperature, high-pressure pipe diameter, and flow rate. The general regression neural network can be used to effectively predict the pressure of lubricating grease transport under different conditions with a mean relative error of 8.1%.

Investigation on the microstructure and fracture behavior of super-eutectic ZA alloy welded joint by pulse fiber laser

Fei Yan,Xiaozhong Du,Fang Chai,Chunming Wang,Kejia Zhuang,Juan Zhao,Wei Wang 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.6

In this study, we present the experimental laser welding of super-eutectic ZA alloy. Microstructures of the ZA alloy′s bond area welded by pulsed laser were investigated using an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy diffraction spectrum and X-Ray diffractometer. The results showed that microstructures in the weld mainly consisted of threadlike columnar crystals, coarse dendrites and fine equiaxed grains. Secondary particles were produced in the interdendritic zones because of the composition segregation. A poor Al area was formed inside the η grain while a rich Al area takes shape outside the η grain. The occurrence of the composition segregation can increase the grain boundary cracking tendency. The existence of a large number of η phase greatly intensified the brittle of this material. The presence of many cleavage steps in the fractograph principally depended on the secondary cleavage effect between two cleavage cracks on different planes. The evolution of cracks along the twinning plane was the result of the secondary cleavage substituting for the twinning deformation in the vicinity of the crack tip.

六朝志怪小說中人鬼戀故事的類型及其中的愛情意味

WANG FEIYAN 중국인문학회 2016 中國人文科學 Vol.0 No.63

Types of love between ghosts and the living in novels of the supernatural in the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties Feiyan, Wang This paper studies supernatural romance novels of the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties that depict affairs between the living and ghostly, including each tale’s characterization of that love. The ten novels considered show love's various types, such as physical, purposeful, playful, marital and romantic love. We still understand these stories well, because the consciousness of love transcends time and space with little change. The novels fall into three categories: "alive,” “dead” or “revived" tales. While all explore love between the living and the ghostly, each sees the terms of that love differently. Some followed the pattern of 〈Tan Sheng(談生)〉, and some 〈Xu Xuanfang's Daughter(徐玄方女)〉․〈Li Zhongwen's Daughter(李仲文女)〉and 〈Zhang Chen(章沈)〉do not explore true love, but simply relate interactions between a man and a ghost woman. Others were like 〈The Young Man and Woman of Hejian Town(河間郡男女)〉 and 〈Zi Yu(紫玉)〉, in which love continues even after the heroine passes away, yet without stressing the point that their love transcends life and death. Writers and readers of that day assumed ghosts existed. 〈Lu Chong(廬充)〉 moved to the supernatural realm the societal ethic and the living world’s order. 〈Fuma Duwei(駙馬都尉)〉 is more of a story about a rich lady's ghost who forces a poor man into a one night stand with her. In contrast, 〈Wang Jingbo(王敬伯)〉 is deeply romantic, a style infrequent in that era.

Identification and confirmation of 14-3-3 ζ as a novel target of ginsenosides in brain tissues

Feiyan Chen,Lin Chen,Weifeng Liang,Zhengguang Zhang,Jiao Li,Wan Zheng,Zhu Zhu,Jiapeng Zhu,Yunan Zhao 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.4

Background: Ginseng can help regulate brain excitability, promote learning and memory, and resist cerebral ischemia in the central nervous system. Ginsenosides are the major effective compounds of Ginseng, but their protein targets in the brain have not been determined. Methods: We screened proteins that interact with the main components of ginseng (ginsenosides) by affinity chromatography and identified the 14-3-3 ζ protein as a potential target of ginsenosides in brain tissues. Results: Biolayer interferometry (BLI) analysis showed that 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), a ginseng saponin metabolite, exhibited the highest direct interaction to the 14-3-3 ζ protein. Subsequently, BLI kinetics analysis and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assay showed that PPD specifically bound to the 14-3-3 ζ protein. The cocrystal structure of the 14-3-3 ζ protein-PPD complex showed that the main interactions occurred between the residues R56, R127, and Y128 of the 14-3-3 ζ protein and a portion of PPD. Moreover, mutating any of the above residues resulted in a significant decrease of affinity between PPD and the 14-3-3 ζ protein. Conclusion: Our results indicate the 14-3-3 ζ protein is the target of PPD, a ginsenoside metabolite. Crystallographic and mutagenesis studies suggest a direct interaction between PPD and the 14-3-3 ζ protein. This finding can help in the development of small-molecular compounds that bind to the 14-3-3 ζ protein on the basis of the structure of dammarane-type triterpenoid.