Two Types of Egress Based on Initiation: On The Pearl, “Flight,” and The Forgotten Village

( Kim¸ Eun-jin ),( Lee¸ Geon-geun ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

John Steinbeck, a Nobel-Literature laureate, is said to have had the strong impulse to get away to nature when young. His novels are distinctive of the description of egress from the society. For example, the characters of The Pearl, “Flight,” and The Forgotten Village leave their home to mountains and another city. Also, the egress is based on their initiation into a process of maturity and divided into two types―autobiographical and dramatic transition story. This paper aims to distinguish their characteristics by analyzing the texts of the three works in detail. Especially, it is possible that the egress of The Pearl is explained with both the styles depending on who is the hero of the story between Kino and the personified pearl. Besides, the takeoff of “Flight” is interpreted as the dramatic transition type, while that of The Forgotten Village as autographical one. Meanwhile, during more than half a century, the initiation story has been classified by Mordecai Marcus's idea according to its power as tentative, uncompleted, and decisive. However, the older typology is contingent on forms, not on contents. The newer one can reveal the speed of initiation, the tone and mood, the narrator's position, the clarity of a turning point, the role of supporting characters, the necessity of supplementary devices, the extent of the individual's conflict with the society, family relationship, the range of affecting factors, symbolic effect, the difference between what the hero knows and what s/he does not yet know, and the relationship between the internal and external part the protagonist has. All in all, two types of egress based on initiation are intended to contribute to developing the research on initiation stories.

영역성 구축을 위한 공간적 가구의 특성과 유형에 관한 연구

한은진 ( Han¸ Eunjin ),김주연 ( Kim¸ Jooyun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.7

(연구배경 및 목적) 최근 코로나 팬데믹과, 4차 산업 혁명을 경험하며 이전까지 오랜 시간에 걸쳐 쌓아왔던 행동양식, 문화, 업무환경, 사회적 관계 등 인간의 삶 전반에 걸친 변화를 요구 받고 있다. 업무를 비롯하여 교류나 친목 등 모든 사회적 활동이 이루어지는 공간에서 개인의 안위와 관계된 개별 영역의 필요성이 대두되고 있으며 ICT, IOT, AI 기술의 발전은 초개인화와 언택드 환경과 함께 장기적인 사회 진화적 관점으로 이른바 ‘뉴노멀시대’ 도래의 견인차 역할을 하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이러한 사회적, 환경적 배경 속에 이 시대의 공간이 사용자로 하여금 다양한 규모와 형태의 공간적 영역구축을 요구받고 있으며, 공간적 가구가 공간구획의 도구로서 그 역할이 점차 확대됨과 중요성을 인식하였다. 본 연구는 공간의 영역구축에 관여하는 가구의 사례분석을 통하여 그 특성을 파악하고 공간적 가구의 유형화를 통해 공간과 가구의 연계적 디자인 발전에 기여하고자 하며 나아가 직면한 뉴노멀시대의 변화에 적응을 돕는 매개체로서의 가능성을 제시하고자 한다. (연구방법) 영역성 구축을 위한 ‘공간적 가구’의 유형 도출을 위하여 우선적으로 선행연구를 분석하여 기존의 유형 분류 기준과 특성을 인지한 후 공간의 영역화를 위한 분류 체계를 설정한 다음 이를 특성에 따라 세분하는 방식으로 진행하였다. 이 과정에서 분류체계설정은 적합한 사례분석을 통해 각 사례에서 발견한 공통적 특징을 추출하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 선행연구에서 제시된 유형분류와 차별성을 갖추고 공간의 영역성 구축에 최적화된 공간적 가구의 유형 분류 체계를 도출할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. (결과) 이를 통해 공간의 영역성 구축에 기여하는 ‘공간적 가구’의 유형을 ‘물리적 경계, 행태유도, 기능’이라는 분류기준을 정립, 이것을 다시 미시건축화, 모듈화, 조직화, 경험과 체험, 기능의 집약과 융합 의 세부기준 선정으로 유형화 하였다. (결론) 이에 본 연구를 통해 ‘공간적 가구’의 유형에 따라 영역구축방법 및 형태가 다양하게 변모함을 파악할 수 있었다. 이것이 곧 현대사회 의 지속적인 변화에 입체적인 공간 대처가 가능하게 하며 예상치 못한 인간의 삶의 변화로 야기된 불안감과 스트레스 해소에 기여 할 것으로 예상한다. 이러한 효과에 힘입어 영역구축이 가능한 ‘공간적 가구의’ 활용도는 점점 증대되고 있으며 본 연구자는 추후 지속적인 연구를 통해 공간과 가구의 상호보완적 발전 가능성 및 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. (Background and Purpose) As the impact of globalization and its active exchanges continue to increase, the hotel industry has developed for both business and leisure tourism. Due to this phenomenon, Seoul has experienced a surge in hotel construction. However, most big-name hotel brands have homogenous designs and standardized services, thereby creating challenges for foreign visitors who wish to experience the cultural history of a city through the design of the hotel space. This study aims to present a direction of sustainable renewable design in Amsterdam, a city that successfully harmonizes modern elements while still making good use of its traditional elements by implementing historical and cultural resource preservation policies. (Method) This study reflects the historical and spatial context of the idle area that was used in the Amsterdam government's regeneration project for the design and selection of the De Hallen complex and NDSM Wharf Island hotels; these spaces are now attracting attention as complex cultural and artistic complexes, and deriving contextual characteristics that appear in regenerative design hotels. For the research, literature and reference books related to urban regeneration and historical relationships are first theoretically reviewed, and the criteria for contextual characteristics are presented. Second, through precedent research that focused on the contextual perspective of regenerative design, characteristics are derived from each element by largely dividing them into visual (physical) and non-visual (meaningful) elements. Third, the design space of the selected buildings is organized along with the analysis frame from the perspective of the contextual elements. Lastly, by considering the relation of the given space and its environmental / regional features, the study re-examines the important contextual characteristics that can increase the cultural and artistic value of spaces through the process of regenerative design. (Results) According to the results of the case analysis, the two regions emerging as new cultural areas in Amsterdam are a good example of a successful recovery and revitalization of the local economy by redesigning neglected idle spaces into spaces that provide new experiences with characteristics by utilizing the historical context of the place. (Conclusions) This study proposes design directions for hotels that are being regenerated and constructed in historical cities. We hope that using examples of design characteristics derived from a contextual point of view will inform basic research on spatial planning through its connection with the complex cultural space.

조선회화를 활용한 치유적 미술관 활동의 가능성 탐색: 단원미술관 檀園雅會-200년만의 외출 展에서 김홍도 작품을 중심으로

김은진(Eunjin KIM) 한국조형교육학회 2020 造形敎育 Vol.0 No.73

본 연구는 조선 회화 특히, 18C 조선의 문예부흥을 이끌었던 화가 김홍도의 작품을 활용하여 치유적 미술관 활동의 가능성을 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 오늘날의 미술관은 교육 기관으로써의 기능을 넘어서 현대인의 마음과 몸을 건강하게 돌볼 수 있는 치유적 공간으로 가능성을 열어가고 있다. 김홍도는 주로 풍속화가로 잘 알려져 있지만, 산수화 뿐 아니라 초상화, 영모화, 화조화, 도석인물화에 이르는 거의 모든 화목에서 뛰어난 화가로 새로운 접근이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 안산에 소재한 단원 미술관에서 2019년 10월에 개최한 檀園雅會-200년만의 외출展에 출품된 김홍도의 산수화 및 도석인물화를 중심으로 현대인의 몸과 마음을 돌볼 수 있는 치유적 미술관 활동을 개발하고 그것을 성인 및 청소년과 아동에게 적용하여 그 활용 가능성을 탐색 하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 조선회화의 특징과 미술관의 치유적 잠재력을 선행연구를 통해 살펴보았으며, ‘檀園雅會-200 년만의 외출 展’과 연계한 치유적 미술관 활동,‘선비가 되어 그림 속을 노니다’를 개발하였다. 이를 성인 및 청소년, 아동을 대상으로 직접 적용해 보고 대상별 공통점과 차이점을 분석하여 그 가능성을 탐색하였다. 본 연구는 조선회화 특히 김홍도의 작품을 활용해 아동과 청소년, 성인에 이르기 까지 미술관에서 자기를 발견하여 더 건강한 삶을 살 수 있도록 도울 수 있는 가능성을 탐색하는 구체적인 예시가 될 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibilities of therapeutic art museum programs by using the works of Hongdo Kim, who led the Renaissance of the paintings of the Joseon Dynasty, especially during the 18th century. Currently, art museums act not only as a n educational institution, but also as a therapeutic location for the modern people to care for the health of their body and mind. Although Kim is well known as a folk artist, there should be a new approach to study his works as he was also a great artist in not only landscapes, but also portraits, Yeongmohwa and flower and bird paintings. This study developed therapeutic art museum programs for the mind and body of the modern people based on the landscape and the Taoist figure paintings by Kim that were exhibited during the 檀園雅會 – Excursion after 200 Years Exhibition of Danwon Art Museum in Ansan, held in October 2019, and investigated the possibilities of the programs by testing them on adults, youth and children. The study first identified the potential therapeutic effects of art museums and the characteristics of paintings of the Joseon Dynasty with prior studies, and then developed the therapeutic art museum program called “Wandering within the Paintings as Scholars” connected to the 檀園雅會 – Excursion after 200 Years Exhibition. The program was applied to adults, youth and children and the study investigated the possibilities of the program by analyzing the common points and the differences by the type of participants. It is expected that this study will become a new opportunity to explore the possibilities of paintings during the Joseon Dynasty, in particular, the artwork by Hongdo Kim, for children, youths and adults to find themselves within the art museum and lead healthier lives. elementary and middle school students as well as adults, so that they can discover their inner selves and live a healthier life.

Bovine viral diarrhea in cattle abortions, Korea

Eunjin Choi(Eunjin Choi),Kyunghyun Lee(Kyunghyun Lee),Ji-Youl Jeong(Ji-Youl Jeong),Yeonhee Kim(Yeonhee Kim),Hayoung Kim(Hayoung Kim),ByungJae So(ByungJae So) 한국예방수의학회 2017 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.-

Lens epithelial cell apoptosis initiates diabetic cataractogenesis in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat

Kim, Junghyun,Kim, Chan-Sik,Sohn, Eunjin,Kim, Hyojun,Jeong, Il-Ha,Kim, Jin Sook Springer-Verlag 2010 Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental oph Vol.248 No.6

Inhibitory Activities of <i>Cudrania tricuspidata</i> Leaves on Pancreatic Lipase <i>In Vitro</i> and Lipolysis <i>In Vivo</i>

Kim, Young Sook,Lee, Youngseop,Kim, Junghyun,Sohn, Eunjin,Kim, Chan Sik,Lee, Yun Mi,Jo, Kyuhyung,Shin, Sodam,Song, Yoojin,Kim, Joo Hwan,Kim, Jin Sook Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-

<P>To identify effective herb to treat obesity, we screened 115 herbal extracts for inhibition of porcine pancreatic lipase (triacylg-ycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) activity <I>in vitro</I>. Of the extracts tested, <I>Cudrania tricuspidata</I> leaves exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effect on lipase activity with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 9.91 <I><I>μ</I></I>g/mL. Antilipid absorption effects of <I>C. tricuspidata</I> leaves were examined in rats after oral administration of lipid emulsions containing 50 or 250 mg <I>C. tricuspidata</I>/kg body weight. Plasma triacylglycerol levels 2 h after the oral administration of emulsions containing <I>C. tricuspidata</I> were significantly reduced compared to the untreated group (<I>P</I> < 0.05). These results suggest that <I>C. tricuspidata</I> leaves may be useful for the treatment of obesity.</P>

Profiling of transcripts and proteins modulated by the E7 oncogene in the lung tissue of E7-Tg mice by the omics approach.

Kim, Eunjin,Kang, Jeongwoo,Cho, Minchul,Lee, Sojung,Seo, Eunhee,Choi, Heesook,Kim, Yumi,Kim, Junghee,Kang, Kum Yong,Kim, Kwang Pyo,Han, Jaeyong,Sheen, Yhunyhong,Yum, Young Na,Park, Sue-Nie,Yoon, Do-Yo D. A. Spandidos 2009 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.2 No.1

<P>The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papilloma virus (HPV) type 16 have been known to cooperatively induce the immortalization and transformation of primary keratinocytes. We established an E7 transgenic mouse model to screen HPV-related biomakers using the omics approach. The methods used to identify HPV-modulated factors were genomics analysis by microarray using the Affymetrix 430 2.0 array to screen E7-modulated genes, and proteomics analysis using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS to screen E7-modulated proteins with the lung tissue of E7 transgenic mice. According to omics data, cyclin B1, cyclin E2, topoisomerase IIα, calnexin, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule CD166, actinin α1, diaphorase 1, gelsolin, platelet glycoprotein, and annexin A2 and A4 were up-regulated in the E7-Tg mice, while proteoglycan 4, sarcolipin, titin, vimentin, drep 1, troponin and cofilin-1 were down-regulated. We further confirmed the significance of differences between the expression levels of the selected factors in E7-Tg and non-Tg mice by real-time PCR. Genes related to cancer cell adhesion, cell cycle and migration, proliferation and apoptosis, as well as to the intermediate filament network and to endoplasmic reticulum proteins, were selected. Taken together, the results suggest that the E7 oncogene modulates the expression levels of cell cycle-related (cyclin B1, cyclin E2) and cell adhesion- and migration-related (actinin α1, CD166) factors, which may play important roles in cellular transformation in cancer. In addition, the solubilization of the rigid intermediate filament network by specific proteolysis mediated via up-regulating gelsolin and down-regulating cofilin-1, as well as increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum protein calnexin with chaperone functions, might also be involved in E7-lung epithelial cells.</P>

Prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma with pathologically positive neck lymph node

Eunjin Jwa,Sang-Wook Lee,Jae-Seung Kim,Jin Hong Park,Su Ssan Kim,Young Seok Kim,Sang Min Yoon,Si Yeol Song,Jong Hoon Kim,Eun Kyung Choi,Seung Do Ahn 대한방사선종양학회 2012 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.30 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative neck lymph node (LN) assessment with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients with pathologically positive LN. Materials and Methods: In total, 47 OSCC patients with pathologically positive LN were retrospectively reviewed with preoperative 18F-FDG PET and CT/MRI. All patients underwent surgical resection, neck dissection and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy between March 2002 and October 2010. Histologic correlation was performed for findings of 18F-FDG PET and CT/MRI. Results: Thirty-six (76.6%) of 47 cases were correctly diagnosed with neck LN metastasis by 18F-FDG PET and 32 (68.1%) of 47 cases were correctly diagnosed by CT/MRI. Follow-up ranged from 20 to 114 months (median, 56 months). Clinically negative nodal status evaluated by 18F-FDG PET or CT/MRI revealed a trend toward better clinical outcomes in terms of overall survival, disease-free survival, local recurrence-free survival, regional nodal recurrence-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival rates even though the trends were not statistically significant. However, there was no impact of neck node standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on clinical outcomes. Notably, SUVmax showed significant correlation with tumor size in LN (p < 0.01, R2 = 0.62). PET and CT/MRI status of LN also had significant correlation with the size of intranodal tumor deposit (p < 0.05, R2 = 0.37 and p < 0.01, R2 = 0.48, respectively). Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET and CT/MRI at the neck LNs might improve risk stratification in OSCC patients with pathologically positive neck LN in this study, even without significant prognostic value of SUVmax.

Extract of Litsea japonica ameliorates blood-retinal barrier breakdown in db/db mice.

Kim, Junghyun,Kim, Chan-Sik,Lee, Ik Soo,Lee, Yun Mi,Sohn, Eunjin,Jo, Kyuhyung,Kim, Joo Hwan,Kim, Jin Sook Macmillan Press 2014 Endocrine Vol.46 No.3

<P>Loss of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) properties is an important feature in the pathology of diabetic retinopathy. Endothelium integrity is important for the normal vascular function. Litsea japonica (Thunb.) Jussieu is a Korean native plant that is consumed as a vegetable food. In this study, we evaluated the ability of an ethanol extract of L. japonica to prevent retinal vascular leakages in db/db mice, which is an animal model of type II diabetes. L. japonica extracts (LJE, 100 and 250 mg/kg) were administered once a day, orally, for 12 weeks. Vehicle-treated db/db mice exhibited hyperglycemia and retinal vascular leakage. LJE treatment blocked diabetes-induced BRB breakdown and decreased retinal VEGF expression in db/db mice. LJE also inhibited the degradation of occludin, which is an important tight junction protein. These findings support the potential therapeutic usefulness of L. japonica for retinal vascular permeability diseases.</P>

Effect of Pore Size and Pore Wall Thickness of Mesoporous Phase in Tin Phosphate Composite on Electrochemical Cycling

Kim, Eunjin,Kim, Min Gyu,Kim, Yoojin,Cho, Jaephil The Electrochemical Society 2005 Electrochemical and solid-state letters Vol.8 No.9