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동적 질문 생성을 위한 문제 및 어절 정형화에 관한 연구
이은주,안기홍,임금자 大田産業大學校 1997 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
기존의 CAI는 개별화 수업을 전제로 하면서도 몇가지 종류의 피드백을 마련해 놓고 순서적 또는 임의적으로 선택하여 학습문제를 제공하므로 제공된 문제에는 학습자의 학습 수준을 고려하지 않았으며, 똑같은 질문이 반복되어 제시되므로, 학습자의 흥미가 떨어질 우려가 있다. 본 논문에서는 학습자의 참여도를 높이고 기존의 CAI에서 고정적인 학습문제 제공이라는 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 수준이 유사한 질문을 다양한 형태로 생성하여 개별화 학습이 이루어질 수 있도록, 문제유형을 정형화하고, 문제내 변화 가한 부분 즉, 숫자 및 명사를 중심으로 한 일부 어절 표현의 정형화기법을 제안하였다. 그리하여 학습자의 수학능력에 맞게 변화된 다양한 학습 문제의 제시가 가능하게 되어, 학습자에게 학습의 흥미를 유지·유발시키고, CAI 교육의 효과를 높일 수 있게 되었다. The CAI selects questions randomly or orderly without consideration of ability of learners, so that it makes students boring. However, the dynamic Question Generation System can provide various and diverse types of questions, so that it can keep student's continous desire to solve problems. So it can correct a drawback of static question generation. This paper suggests the formalization of expression of numbers and nouns in questions and types of questions, and implements a dynamic Question Generation System which help self-study, especially. Therefore, the dynamic Question Generation System provides proper problems to the learing ability of student, improves reliability of evaluation by avoiding repetition of the same problem set, stimulates student's interest, and improves the efficiency of CAI education.
( Joo Youn Oh ),( Mee Kum Kim ),( Hyuk Jin Choi ),( Jung Hwa Ko ),( Eun Joo Kang ),( Hyun Ju Lee ),( Won Ryang Wee ),( Jin Hak Lee ) 대한안과학회 2011 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: To investigate the association between dry eye syndrome (DE) and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-17 in patients with systemic immune-mediated diseases. Methods: IL-17 and IL-23 levels were measured in the sera of patients whose tear production was <5 mm on the Schirmer test. Subjects included patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren`s syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and no systemic disease. Corneal/conjunctival fluorescein staining was scored and the correlation between the score and the IL-17 level was evaluated. Results: A strong correlation existed between IL-17 level and the type of systemic disease. IL-17 was significantly elevated in patients with chronic GVHD compared to those with RA and SS. IL-17 was not detectable in patients with SLE or in those without systemic disease. IL-23 was not detected in any of the subjects. IL-17 was significantly increased in patients with high fluorescein staining scores. Conclusions: Our data suggest that IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of DE in patients with systemic immune-mediated diseases.
손호용,Eun-Joo Kum,권기석,진익렬,Hiroshi Kuriyama 한국미생물학회 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.4
Autonomous ultradian metabolic oscillation (T≅50 min) was detected in an aerobic chemostat culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A pulse injection of GSH (a reduced form of glutathione) into the culture induced a perturbation in metabolic oscillation, with respiratory inhibition caused by H2S burst production. As the production of H2S in the culture was controlled by different amino acids, we attempted to characterize the effects of GSH on amino acid metabolism, particularly with regard to branched chain and sulfur-containing amino acids. During stable metabolic oscillation, concentrations of intracellular glutamate, aspartate, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and cysteine were observed to oscillate with the same periods of dissolved O2 oscillation, although the oscillation amplitudes and maximal phases were shown to differ. The methionine concentration was stably maintained at 0.05 mM. When GSH (100 M) was injected into the culture, cellular levels of branched chain amino acids increased ramatically with continuous H2S production, whereas the cysteine and methionine concentrations were noticeably reduced. These results indicate that GSH-dependent perturbation occurs as the result of the promotion of branched chain amino acid synthesis and an attenuation of cysteine and methionine synthesis, both of which activate the generation of H2S. In a low sulfate medium containing 2.5 mM sulfate, the GSH injections did not result in perturbations of dissolved O2, NAD(P)H redox oscillations without burst H2S production. This suggests that GSH-dependent perturbation is intimately linked with the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids and H2S generation, rather than with direct GSHGSSG redox control.