Articulation Patterns of Children who Developed Articulation Disorders Associated with Ankyloglossia

박선영(Sun-Young Park),심선희(Sun-Hee Shim),장은실(Eun-Sil Jang),엄태훈(Tae-Hoon Eom),김영훈(Young-Hoon Kim),이순주(Soon-Ju Lee) 대한소아신경학회 2013 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.21 No.3

목 적 : 설소대와 조음장애의 관련성과 설소대 환아에서 조음장애 유무를 감별하는데 필요한 임상지침을 제시하기 위해 조음장애를 동반한 설소대 환아의 조음양상의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2002년 1월부터 2012년 12월까지 의정부성모병원 소아청소년과 외래를 방문한 124명의 환아 중 설소대를 제외한 다른 조음기관의 해부학적 이상, 신경학적 질환이나 발달/언어지연을 가진 46명의 환아를 제외한 총 78명을 설소대 유무에 따라 각각 환자군 23명과 대조군 55명으로 나누어 그림자음검사를 통해 조음양상을 비교분석하였다. 결 과 : 두 군에서 조음오류를 보인 자음유형에 따라 집계한 각 환자수는 연구개비음의 경우에만 차이를 보였다. 하지만 자음유형에 따른 조음오류의 환자별 관찰빈도수의 총합은 양순파열음, 연구개파열음과 연구개비음에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 조음오류의 변화유형에 따라 집계한 환자수는 두 군에서 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 조음변화 유형에 따른 환자별 관찰빈도수의 총합은 환자군에서 전설음화와 마찰음화가 낮게 관찰되었고, 경음화와 격음화과 높게 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통해 설소대를 동반한 조음장애 환아의 일부에서 해부학적 이상을 동반하지 않은 기능적 조음장애 환아와 구별되는 특징을 보이는 결과를 관찰할 수 있었지만, 이를 설소대를 동반한 모든 조음장애 환아로 일반화할 수는 없었다. 따라서 설소대와 조음장애의 관련성은 여전히 논란의 여지가 있으며, 또한 수술적 치료를 포함한 설소대 치료를 결정하는데 주의를 기울여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : We investigated articulation patterns in children with ankyloglossia who developed articulation disorders in order to determine the relationship between ankyloglossia and articulation disorders, and to clinically detect children who have articulation disorders associated with ankyloglossia. Methods : The participants of this study were 23 children with articulation disorders that accompanied ankyloglossia and 55 controls with functional articulation disorders independent of anatomical problems, who were admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2012. All children underwent speech-language pathologic evaluation using the Picture Consonant Articulation Test (PCAT; Young-Tae Kim, 1994). We retrospectively compared collected data between the subject and control groups using Fisher's exact test and odds ratio tests with a 95% confidential interval for categorical variables and the independent Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables. Results : The number of patients with articulation errors in the velar nasal was lower significantly only in the subject group (P =0.038). The total numbers of articulation errors in the bilabial plosive, velar plosive and velar nasal also were lower (P=0.007, P˂0.001, and P=0.034, respectively). There were no differences in the numbers of patients with articulation errors according to phonological changes between the two groups. However, the total numbers of fronting and frication were lower in the subject group (both P˂0.001), but the total numbers of plosivation and tensing were higher (P =0.002 and P =0.008, respectively). Conclusion : This study showed that the relationship between an articulation disorder and ankyloglossia is doubtful, although some results suggest that ankyloglossia may cause articulation errors only in certain individuals. Therefore, clinicians should be careful when determining the relationship between ankyloglossia and articulation disorders and use caution when making a treatment decision.

뇌성마비 및 Down증후군 아동의 섭식행동 양상

엄태진,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

심신 장애 아동중 섭식 장애가 심하게 나타나는 뇌성마비아 50명(평균 연령 12.6세)과 Down증후군아동 30명(평균 연령 9.8세)을 대상으로 섭식 행동양상을 평가하기 위해 아동을 직립 자세를 유지시킨 상태에서 우유와 콘프레이크를 혼합한 음식물을 주었을때의 구순폐쇄능,혀돌출 양상,혀운동 발달,턱운동 발달,저작 기능,연하시 과긴장과 과민반응 등의 섭식 행동양상을 비디오 화면상에서 반복 평가하여 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 뇌성마비아와 Down증후군 아동은 연하 방법의 미성숙,구순폐쇄능의 감소,혀돌츨의 증가,혀와 턱운동의 미발달,저작 기능의 미발달이 나타났다. 포식시,음식물처리시의 구순폐쇄능은 뇌성마비아가 더 좋았다. Down증후군 아동은 음식물 처리사나 연하시 혀돌출이 많았으며 돌출시 혀의 위치도 뇌성마비아에 비해 더 전방에 위치하였다. 혀와 턱운동의 발달은 Down증후군 아동에서 덜 잘 발달되었다. 뇌성마비아에 있어서는 상순의 저긴장이 Down증후군 아동에 있어서는 혀근육의 저긴장이 나타났다. 과긴장과 과민반응은 주로 뇌성마비아에서 나타났다. It has been well documented that many cerebral palsy and Down's syndrome children exibit various types of abnormal eating patterns which mainly originate from underervelopment of oral functions. In this study, a method for evaluating the oral functions in the feeding of the handicapped children was developed and applide to evaluation of 50 cerebral palsy children(mean age:12.6) and 30 Down's syndrome children(mean age:9.8). Children were maintained upright position and were given milk and corn flake as feeding materials. The assessment scale consisted of swallowing pattern,lip sealing ability,tongue protrusion behavior,and developmental evaluation of tongue and jaw mavement,mastication ability,muscle hypertension,and tactile hypersensitivity. The oral mevement of the subject was video-taped in actual feeding session. The assessment,except for the evaluation of hypersensitivity,was carried out later on by using the images on the video display. The sollowing conclusions were obtained. Underdeveloped swallowing pattern,decreased lip sealing ability,increased tongue protrusion rate,underdeveloped tongue and jaw mevement,and mastication inability were observed. For sucking and mastication,lip sealing ability is better developed in Down syndrome group but for swallowing lip sealing ability is better developed in cerebral palsy group. In Down syndrome group, more tongue protrusion behavior is observed for mastication and swallowing and when protruded more anteriorly positioned than in the cerebral palsy group. Tongue and mandibular movement is better developed in Down syndrome group than in the in the cerebral palsy group.' The cerebral palsy group has upper lip hypotonicity and Down's syndrome group has tongue hypotonicity. Muscle hypertension and tactile hypersencitivity are more prevalent in the cerebral palsy group than in the Down's symdrome group.

New N-way Hybrid Power Combiner to Improve the Graceful Degradation Performance

Eom, Soon-Young,Kim, Jeong-Ho,Yim, Choon-Sik Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 1994 ETRI Journal Vol.16 No.1

In this paper, a new N-way hybrid power combiner for improving the graceful degradation performance has been proposed. The proposed combiner has been configured with two dummy transmission lines per each section, where each dummy transmission line has a different characteristic impedance, of the standard combiner. Under this proposed configuration, a detailed theoretical analysis has been performed to show the general function of a power combiner. When any M amplifiers among N identical amplifiers are suffering the failure mode in a power combining circuit or system, the graceful degradation performance has been improved due to the separation of a transmission line and an internal resistor in every failed section from the proposed combiner by simultaneously operating two shorting devices. Simulation results for all the items which can be measured from all the items which can be measured from the proposed combiner with an eight-way configuration have been presented.

Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Patients with Cirrhosis and Healthy Donors Show Comparable Characteristics

( Young Woo Eom ),( Yoo Li Lim ),( Su Jung Park ),( Taeui Hong ),( Seong Hee Kang ),( Soon Koo Baik ),( Kyu-sang Park ),( Moon Young Kim ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Autologous or allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been applied in clinical trials to treat liver disease. However, there are only a few studies comparing the characteristics of autologous MSCs from patients and allogeneic MSCs from normal subjects. Methods: Therefore, to identify BMSCs that are more suitable for the treatment of cirrhosis, we compared the characteristics of isolated BMSCs from six healthy donors (BCs) and six patients with cirrhosis (BPs). Results: In passage 3 (P3), senescent population and expression of p53 and p21 were slightly higher in BPs, but the average population doubling time for P3-P5 in BPs was approximately 65.3 ± 11.1 h, which is 18.4 h shorter than that in BCs (83.7 ± 9.2 h). No difference was observed in the expression of CD73, CD90, or CD105 between BCs and BPs. Adipogenic differentiation slightly increased in BCs, but the expression levels of leptin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein a did not vary between differentiated BCs and BPs. While ATP and reactive oxygen species levels were slightly lower in BPs, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, and expression of mitochondria- related genes such as cytochrome c oxidase 1 were not significantly different between BCs and BPs. Conclusions: Taken together, there are marginal differences in the proliferation, differentiation, and mitochondrial activities of BCs and BPs, but both BMSCs from patients with cirrhosis and healthy donors show comparable characteristics.

Mitochondrial DNA copy number and hnRNP A2/B1 protein: biomarkers for direct exposure of benzene.

Eom, Ha-Young,Kim, Hye-Ran,Kim, Hwan-Young,Han, Dong-Kyun,Baek, Hee-Jo,Lee, Jae-Hyuk,Moon, Jai Dong,Shin, Jong-Hee,Suh, Soon-Pal,Ryang, Dong-Wook,Kook, Hoon,Shin, Myung-Geun Pergamon 2011 Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol.30 No.12

<P>The present study was performed to identify biomarkers for exposure of benzene in blood cells and hematopoietic tissues. Peripheral mononuclear cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and leukemia cell lines were cultured in RPMI 1640 media with the addition of 0, 1, and 10 mM of benzene. Hydrogen peroxide was measured using an enzyme immunoassay. Mitochondrial mass, membrane potential, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number were measured using MitoTracker Green/Red probes, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) technology were performed to identify protein markers. The mitochondrial contents and membrane potentials were dramatically increased after three weeks of direct benzene exposure. The hydrogen peroxide level increased significantly after two weeks of treatment with benzene (4.4 1.9 ?M/mg protein) compared to the non-benzene treatment group (1.2 1.0; p = 0.001). The mtDNA copy number gradually increased after exposure to benzene. Numerous protein markers showed significant aberrant expression after exposure to benzene. Among them, the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 was markedly decreased after exposure to benzene. Thus, increased mitochondrial mass, mtDNA copy number, and the hnRNP A2/B1 protein were biomarkers for benzene-related toxicity and hematotoxicity.</P>

A novel band rejection filter of transmission line type using double spur-lines

Eom, Soon-Young,Hong, Ic-Pyo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.52 No.8

<P>This letter presents a novel band rejection filter (BRF) using a pair of spur-lines or double spur-lines with an opposite direction, which is embedded in a transmission line. The slot length (L<SUB>1</SUB>) of double spur-lines determines a rejection band and the distance (L<SUB>2</SUB>) between the end points of each spur-line determines the position of a pass band, which is at the left or right side of a rejection band, respectively. That is, if L<SUB>2</SUB> is shorter than L<SUB>1</SUB>, the right side of a pass band can be properly suppressed, otherwise if L<SUB>2</SUB> is longer than L<SUB>1</SUB>, the left side of a pass band can be suppressed. Two novel kinds of BRFs were realized at Ku-band using soft Teflon substrate to verify the validity of the proposed structure. The measured performance was well agreed with the simulated one. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1880–1883, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25351</P>

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 ameliorates obesity by regulating thermogenesis and adipogenesis

Young In Kim,Eun-Sook Lee,Eun-Ji Song,Dong-Uk Shin,Ji-Eun Eom,Hee Soon Shin,Jung Eun Kim,Ju Yeoun Oh,Young-Do Nam,So-Young Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2022 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2022 No.10

A New Comb Circular Polarizer Suitable for Millimeter-Band Application

Soon Young Eom,Y. B. Korchemkin 한국전자통신연구원 2006 ETRI Journal Vol.28 No.5

This letter presents a new polarizer which has a simple comb structure inside a circular waveguide. The electrical performance of the proposed comb polarizer is optimized by a circular waveguide radius and by the physical parameters of the comb plates. This polarizer is suitable for providing good performance in millimeter-band application because of its simple structure and low fabrication cost. In our experiments the dual-band comb polarizer designed in band 1(K) and band 2(Ka) showed good electrical performance without any tuning elements.

Multilayered Disk Array Structure Surrounded by a Dielectric Ring for Shaping a Flat-Topped Radiation Pattern

Soon-Young Eom,Seong-Keun Kim,Jong-Gwan Yook IEEE 2008 IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters Vol.7 No.-

<P>A new MDAS-DR antenna structure designed to efficiently shape a flat-topped radiation pattern (FTRP) is proposed. The antenna structure is composed of a stacked microstrip patch exciter and a multilayered disk array structure (MDAS) surrounded by a dielectric ring (DR) with a relative permittivity of 2.05. The MDAS-DR antenna designed at the band of 9.6-10.4 GHz was shown to be capable of shaping a good FTRP with a beamwidth of about 40deg, at least within a fractional bandwidth of 8.0%.</P>

Novel Antenna System Design for Satellite Mobile Multimedia Service

Young-Bae Jung,Soon-Young Eom,Soon-Ik Jeon IEEE 2010 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.59 No.9

<P>In this paper, the triband mobile antenna system for broadband multimedia service in the Ka/K band and direct-broadcast-satellite service in the Ku band is proposed. The proposed antenna has a modified hybrid antenna (HA) structure with a Cassegrain reflector system with feeder for the K/Ka band, and a microstrip array for Ku-band service is composed of four linear subarrays and stacked on the subreflector of the HA. The main purpose of the proposed HA is to realize a high-gain mobile satellite antenna system with rapid 2-D beam scanning ability at low cost. Therefore, we proposed a novel beam-steering method through a subreflector that is rotational and flat. The feeder is composed of 20 dual-band and dual polarized horn elements in a hexagonal structure with an oval-shaped rim to maximize the efficiency of the HA. For system size reduction, small-sized active channel blocks composed of four channels were developed for signal amplification and main beam control, and the active channels for the transmitter and the receiver are connected with the horn elements of the feeder, respectively. In addition, the triplexers were very helpful for structurally simplifying the HA. A fabricated HA was successfully tested in a Korean satellite communications environment with motion simulator that can replace motor vehicles, and all radiation patterns in a beam-steering angle meet the international regulation of the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector S.465-5.</P>