Changes of Students`Understanding of the Nature of Science After Two and Half Years of Public Science Education in Ontario Canada

( Hye Ran Park ),( Earl1 Woodruff ) 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 2014 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.38 No.1

A longitudinal study traced changes in students` understanding of Nature Of science (NOS) through the public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Although the concepts of NOS are complicated, and students` understandings are not easy to change, not many longitudinal studies have been done across the world. The current study tried to identify the changes of participating students` understandings of NOS for two and half years of public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Pretest was administered using Views of Nature of Science (VNOS-C) when six participants graduated from a middle school of Toronto. Two and half years of secondary education, the posttest was carried out using the same instrument. After pre and posttest, probing interviews were performed. The analysis of the data was founded on the Standards and the conceptual framework for this study. The findings were that the initial views have little changed. Most examples and explanations the participants provided were from their science classes. Lab activities for confirming the existing laws and theories and observable photos in science textbooks made students regard the knowledge as a truth. Naturally, their knowledge has been expanded for 2 and 1/2 years, but this expansion of scientific knowledge led students toward Universalist views on science. On the other hand, when science was presented with a historical approach or was networked with other concepts, students acknowledged science and scientific knowledge had been induced from inferences as well as observations and experimental results. Based on the findings the authors of this research suggest that educating the knowledge of science should be historical and networked approaches rather than teaching the knowledge as concise and true statements of the nature.

"Tell it Slant": Negotiating the Communication Barrier in the American Poetry Classroom

Earl Jackson 한국영미문학교육학회 2008 영미문학교육 Vol.12 No.1

My teaching strategies include not merely focusing on but integrating as structural components the contradictions inherent in teaching American poetry in English in Korea. Foregrounding the contradictions also entails highlighting the contexts in which such teaching and learning occur. This essay is an outline of my hands-on experience in teaching at Korea University. I break down my methods into the following interrelated categories: Initiating Communications; Mobilizing Opportunities; Contextualizing American Poetry in American History; Contextualizing American Poetry and the Visual Arts; Contextualizing American Poetry and the Cinema; Utilizing Technology and Techniques; and Contextualizng American Poetry in Korea.

The efficacy of aspartate aminotransferase-toplatelet ratio index for assessing hepatic fibrosis in childhood nonalcoholic steatohepatitis for medical practice

Earl Kim,강윤구,한성민,이미정,박영년,고홍 대한소아청소년과학회 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.1

Purpose: Childhood obesity is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and it has become one of the most common causes of childhood chronic liver diseases which significant as a cause of liver related mortality and morbidity in children in the United States. The development of simpler and easier clinical indices for medical practice is needed to identify advanced hepatic fibrosis in childhood NAFLD instead of invasive method like liver biopsy. FibroScan and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) have been proposed as a simple and noninvasive predictor to evaluate hepatic fibrosis in several liver diseases. APRI could be a good alternative to detect pathologic change in childhood NAFLD. The purpose of this study is to validate the efficacy of APRI for assessing hepatic fibrosis in childhood NAFLD based on FibroScan. Methods: This study included 23 children with NAFLD who underwent FibroScan. Clinical, laboratory and radiological evaluation including APRI was performed. To confirm the result of this study, 6 patients received liver biopsy. Results: Factors associated with hepatic fibrosis (stiffness measurement >5.9 kPa Fibroscan) were triglyceride, AST, alanine aminotransferase, platelet count, APRI and collagen IV. In multivariate analysis, APRI were correlated with hepatic fibrosis (>5.9 kPa). In receiver operating characteristics curve, APRI of meaningful fibrosis (cutoff value, 0.4669; area under the receiver operating characteristics,0.875) presented sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 66%, positive predictive value of 94%, and negative predictive value of 64%. Conclusion: APRI might be a noninvasive, simple, and readily available method for medical practice to predict hepatic fibrosis of childhood NAFLD.

Tamoxifen Suppresses Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Mouse Macrophages

Earl Han,하은영,김성훈,정주호,백형환,반주연 대한암예방학회 2010 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in stimulated inflammatory cells is thought to be a causative factor of cellular injury. In recent studies, it has been shown that tamoxifen, an anti-breast cancer drug, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, we investigated the effects of tamoxifen on the production and expression of iNos in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7macrophages. NO production was assessed by nitrite assay and iNos expression was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Activation of nuclear factor-κb (Nfκb) was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The NO production induced by LPS was markedly reduced by tamoxifen. Tamoxifen also suppressed the LPS-activated expression of iNos mRNA and blocked the LPS-induced activation of Nfκb. The phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was not affected by tamoxifen,but the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK was decreased by tamoxifen. Taken together, the results suggest that tamoxifen inhibits LPS-activated NO production via inhibition of p38 MAPK and Nfκb pathways in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The results of our study provide evidence that tamoxifen possesses an anti-inflammatory effect. (Cancer Prev Res 15, 138-142, 2010)

The Role of Philippine Local Traders in the Domestic and International Market for Quality Seaweeds

Earl Joanne Santos-Ramirez,Paul Joseph B. Ramirez,Orelie B. Delas Alas,Carlos L. Magnaye 한국무역학회 2019 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2019 No.08

This paper highlights the important role of traders in the seaweeds value chain in the Philippines. Using rapid appraisal and value chain approaches, the study analyzed the contribution of traders in terms of their value additions and essential activities necessary to bring quality raw dried seaweeds and semi-refined carrageenan to final markets. In the two cases studied, results showed that, on a per kilogram basis, the barangay and large/provincial traders received the least share among value chain players but are compensated commensurately. For both established and emerging seaweeds value chain areas examined, the role of the traders in linking up players and matching the supply and demand by effectively consolidating to meet volume and quality requirements and ensuring competitive prices was found indispensable.

적정기술을 이용한 제품설계 방법론 연구

Earl Han,Sung Woon Cha 한국정밀공학회 2011 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.6월

“Tell it Slant”: Negotiating the Communication Barrier in the American Poetry Classroom

Earl Jackson Jr 한국영미문학교육학회 2008 영미문학교육 Vol.12 No.1

  My teaching strategies include not merely focusing on but integrating as structural components the contradictions inherent in teaching American poetry in English in Korea. Foregrounding the contradictions also entails highlighting the contexts in which such teaching and learning occur. This essay is an outline of my hands-on experience in teaching at Korea University. I break down my methods into the following interrelated categories: Initiating Communications; Mobilizing Opportunities; Contextualizing American Poetry in American History; Contextualizing American Poetry and the Visual Arts; Contextualizing American Poetry and the Cinema; Utilizing Technology and Techniques; and Contextualizng American Poetry in Korea.

Provocative Spectatorship: John Yau’s Poetics of Looking and Seeing

Earl Jackson 한국현대영미시학회 2009 현대영미시연구 Vol.15 No.1

This paper focuses on the work of the poet/art critic John Yau, who in many ways draws on and extends the legacy of the poet/art critics of the New York School, in particular Frank O’Hara. A comparative reading of two such poems from the angle of “provocative spectatorship” illuminates not only the similarities between O'Hara and Yau but also the differences in aim, and of course cultural context. Yau’s manipulation of the elements of language goes beyond the quasi-diaristic “personalism” of O’Hara. Yau’s commitment to epistemological adventure, nevertheless, does not leave his predecessors behind, but rather supports his recuperation of the value of their work as art critics. Here the paper begins a two-tier trajectory for tracing and distilling Yau’s poetics. One tier is articulated through various moments in Yau’s defense of O’Hara’s writings on art against the canonical art critical tradition represented by Clement Greenberg and his disciples. The second tier explores resonances between Yau’s challenges to the presumptions of Greenbergian art criticism and Yau’s poetic response to moments of unglossed perception. The final focus in this initial inquiry into John Yau’s poetics concerns the profound degree to which his “situated knowledge” as a Chinese American informs his alienated scrutiny of the “medium cool” distance of pop art and postmodern celebration of surfaces. In delineating these aspects of John Yau’s work, I hope to show how John Yau’s poetics of looking operates on several levels and across several discourses at once, while maintaining an intellectual, aesthetic, and ethical integrity. This paper focuses on the work of the poet/art critic John Yau, who in many ways draws on and extends the legacy of the poet/art critics of the New York School, in particular Frank O’Hara. A comparative reading of two such poems from the angle of “provocative spectatorship” illuminates not only the similarities between O'Hara and Yau but also the differences in aim, and of course cultural context. Yau’s manipulation of the elements of language goes beyond the quasi-diaristic “personalism” of O’Hara. Yau’s commitment to epistemological adventure, nevertheless, does not leave his predecessors behind, but rather supports his recuperation of the value of their work as art critics. Here the paper begins a two-tier trajectory for tracing and distilling Yau’s poetics. One tier is articulated through various moments in Yau’s defense of O’Hara’s writings on art against the canonical art critical tradition represented by Clement Greenberg and his disciples. The second tier explores resonances between Yau’s challenges to the presumptions of Greenbergian art criticism and Yau’s poetic response to moments of unglossed perception. The final focus in this initial inquiry into John Yau’s poetics concerns the profound degree to which his “situated knowledge” as a Chinese American informs his alienated scrutiny of the “medium cool” distance of pop art and postmodern celebration of surfaces. In delineating these aspects of John Yau’s work, I hope to show how John Yau’s poetics of looking operates on several levels and across several discourses at once, while maintaining an intellectual, aesthetic, and ethical integrity.

Approaches to Patch NAH

Earl G. Williams 한국소음진동공학회 2003 한국소음진동공학회 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.8

Humor, a Cultural Factor in Language Learning

Earl W. Ritchie 한국영어교육학회 1981 ENGLISH TEACHING(영어교육) Vol.- No.21