토마스 아퀴나스의 순종적 가능태 개념 -해당 텍스트와 전(前)역사를 중심으로-

조동원 ( Cho¸ Dongwon ) 한국가톨릭철학회 2021 가톨릭철학 Vol.- No.37

토마스 아퀴나스의 “순종적 가능태”(potentia obedientialis) 개념의 의미와 본질에 대해 역사적으로 많은 논쟁이 있어 왔다. 그동안 대부분의 연구와 논의들은 토마스의 텍스트 및 그에 대한 후대 학자들의 해석에 치중을 하였다. 이에 비해 본 연구는, 토마스 자신도 순종적 가능태 개념을 선대 학자들로부터 물려받았다는 점에 착안하여, 토마스의 텍스트와 더불어 그 전역사(前歷史)를 심도있게 고찰한다. 아우구스티누스는 하느님의 특별한 작용 방식과, 피조물이 그 특별한 신적 힘에 순응하는 내적 경향성에 대해 말했는데, 12-13세기 학자들은 아우구스티누스의 해당 본문을 주석하며 순종적 가능태라는 명시적 개념을 도출해냈다. 이때 하느님의 특별한 작용은 일차적으로 물리적 기적을 지칭하지만, 또 한편으로 죄인의 구원과 인간의 지복직관과 같은 영적 실재를 가리키기도 했다. 토마스 아퀴나스는 아우구스티누스와 스콜라 학자들의 통찰 및 개념화를 계승하고 이를 더 정밀하게 가다듬어 다양한 맥락에서, 특히 육화나 초자연적 주입덕과 같은 구원론적 실재와 관련하여 순종적 가능태 개념을 원용한다. 전통적 토마스 주석가들은 이를 토대로 일반적 의미에서의 순종적 가능태와 “특수한” 순종적 가능태를 구분하며, 후자를 인간을 비롯한 지성적 피조물 안에 내재된 ‘초본성적’ 가능성과 연결 짓는다. 20세기 들어와 드 뤼박과 몇몇 학자들에 의해 전통적 주석에 대한 반론이 제기되었지만, 토마스와 그 이전 학자들의 텍스트에 대한 미시적 분석만 놓고 본다면 전통적 토마스 주석가들의 입장이 더 ‘스승들’의 가르침에 근접한 것으로 추정된다. The idea of potentia obedientialis in the texts of St. Thomas Aquinas has been severely argued by many scholars. While the majority of the works on the concept have addressed St. Thomas’s texts mainly with the later interpretations, the present research sees the beginning of all things, i.e., the texts of the Angelic Doctor and their pre-history. St. Augustine says in his de Genesi ad litteram that there is some inner tendency in every creature according to which it obeys every special divine operation. Commenting the texts of the bishop of Hippo, some Medieval authors begin to use the explicit concept of obediential potency, which not only indicates the special divine act on creatures in physical miracles but also entails spiritual realities such as salvation or the beatific vision. Inheriting from his predecessors the idea potentia obedientialis, St. Thomas uses it in various contexts, especially in explaining ratio incarnationis and supernatual infused virtues. Upon those texts of the Angelic Doctor, some scholars in the Thomistic tradition have developed the distinction of “specific” obediential potency from its generic sense, relating the former with the supernatural possibility inherent in the human being and other intellectual creatures. Although De Lubac and other scholars in the 20^th century raised an objection, the original texts of St. Thomas and his predecessors seem to show that the “traditional” interpretation is more loyal to the teaching of the magister than that of “modern” suggestion.

프리캐스트 콘크리트 모듈러 단독주택 설계 개발 및 시공 적용에 관한 연구

서동원 ( Seo¸ Dong-won ),전상훈 ( Jeon¸ Sang-hoon ) 한국건축시공학회 2021 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.21 No.2

In this study, Dr. Bae Kyu-woong of the Korea Institute of Construction Technology developed a concrete module that was lightweighted to 1700kN with KC modules and met housing performance standards. It solves Construction lifts problem that was the limit of the PC module, and is an innovative model that greatly improves Construction period and economics with boxed modules, and is manufactured in the factory by extruded molding in vibration, noise, fireproofing standards, etc., and has the advantage of excellent precision and high strength. Therefore, if the framing house of a precast concretecan only be standardized in construction, its potential for growth will be endless. To do this, standardization, standardization, and modularization of the design are essential.

Evaluation of V2O5 Film-Based Electrochromic Device with Dry-Deposited Ion Storage Layer

Dongwon Shin,Jiseon Kim,Caroline Sunyong Lee 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.1

Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) film was used to fabricate an electrochromic device counterbalanced with a dry-deposited ion storage layer (ISL). For the ISL, a mixture of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) and Prussian blue (PB) powders (PB-ATO; 1:4 vol%) was dry deposited to form PB-ATO ISL as the counter electrode of the device, thereby improving electrochromic device characteristics. Dry deposition provided a film with a rough surface, which resulted in improved electrochromic properties because of the large surface area of the ISL, which provided more paths for electron movement. The ISL was deposited using a dry deposition system (i.e., the nanoparticle deposition system [NPDS]) to maximize the surface area of the film. The polyol method was used to fabricate V2O5 film with high crystallinity for better electrochromic properties. The fabricated V2O5-based electrochromic device (ECD) was evaluated by electrochemical analysis. Compared with the ECD without PB-ATO ISL, the difference in reflectance exceeded 50% for the ECD with PB-ATO ISL. Moreover, the ECD without ISL had a diffusion coefficient of 1.88 × 10−10 S2/s, while the ECD with PB-ATO ISL had an order of magnitude higher diffusion coefficient of 2.47 × 10−9 cm2/s. Therefore, the performance of the ECD was improved using dry-deposited ISL composed of PB-ATO. The coloration of the device was dramatically improved using PB-ATO ISL, compared with the device with ATO alone or without any ISL.

Supermajority Rule in Bicameral Legislatures

Dongwon Lee 한국재정학회 2015 한국재정학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.3

This paper revisits the claim that supermajority rules and bicameral structure restrain excessive government spending and taxation. Our analysis suggests that supermajority rule has a coun-tervailing effect in bicameral legislatures due to two factors: the geographic linkages across two chambers and the low price elasticity of demand for public goods. Using a panel of 49 American states over a period of 39 years (1970-2008), we find that Senate district fragmentation—the ratio of seats in the House relative to seats in the Senate—has a robust, positive impact on the tendency of a supermajority rule to inflate the budget. Our finding implies that a supermajority rule in bicameral legislatures can have a perverse effect on budget outcomes.

Identification of the Geographical Origin of Asian Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Powders Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy

Dongwon Lee,Miso Kim,김병희,안상두 대한화학회 2020 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.41 No.3

Red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a highly popular vegetable in Asia used for food seasoning in powder form. In this study, 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with canonical discriminant analysis was applied to differentiate the geographical origin of Korean, Chinese, and Vietnamese red pepper powders distributed in Korea. Through the quantitative analysis of metabolite peaks in the 1H NMR spectra of 62 red pepper powder extracts, seven discriminant variables with significant differences between origins were identified. The canonical discriminant functions derived from the discriminant variables could correctly classify the geographical origins of all the Asian red pepper powder samples. The capability of the discriminant functions was further examined by discrimination of the origins of 16 additional blind red pepper powder samples. This study shows that 1H NMR spectroscopy is a useful method to discriminate red pepper powder origin with the appropriate canonical discriminant analysis of signals associated with metabolites.

Effects of organic matter characteristics on oxidant exposures and micropollutant abatement during ozonation of municipal wastewater effluents: A prediction model based on artificial neural network

Dongwon CHA,Min Sik KIM,Kyung Hwa CHO,Changha LEE 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Understanding Mobile Application Usage Continuance: A Model Proposition

Dongwon Lee,Mun Y. Yi,Junkoo Choic,Howon Lee 한국경영정보학회 2011 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.1

스마트 폰의 보급과 플랫폼의 다변화에 따라 모바일 애플리케이션 시장 또한 가파른 성장을 지속하여 왔으며, 이제 초기 수용의도를 파악하는 것 보다는 소비자의 지속사용의도를 파악하는 것이 더 중요한 이슈로 대두되고 있다. 이는 또한 모바일 애플리케이션 제공업체의 중요 당면과제이다. 본 연구에서는 모바일 애플리케이션 소비자의 지속사용의도를 파악하기 위해 모바일 애플리케이션 시장 분석을 바탕으로 정보시스템 기대-충족 모형에 기반한 연구모형을 제시하고자 한다. 특히, 기대-충족 모형에 기반한 모바일 애플리케이션 지속사용의도에 있어서 사용자의 인지적 몰입을 기대충족과 지각된 유용성의 선행요인으로 제안한다. 본 연구의 목적은 선행 연구분석을 바탕으로 모바일 애플리케이션의 지속사용의도를 설명하기 위한 연구모형을 제시하는 것이며, 연구모형의 실증분석을 통해서 모바일 애플리케이션 사업자의 실무에 도움이 되는 제안을 할 수 있을 것이다.

A Study on the Relationship between Employee Social Network Motives and Helping Behavior

Dongwon Choi(최동원) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.11

조직 맥락에서 사회적 관계의 중요성은 학계와 실무 양측에서 주목해왔으나, 기존 연구들은 근로자들이 사회적 관계망 속에서 더 나은 위치를 점유하기 위해 특별히 어떠한 노력을 수행하는지 상세한 행동 양태를 규명해오지 못했다. 이러한 기존 연구의 한계점을 극복하기 위해 본 연구에서는 사회 관계망 이론에 근거하여, 근로자의 네트워크 동기가 강할수록 이들이 적극적으로 도움 행동을 수행할 것이라 주장한다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 네트워크 동기와 도움 행동의 관계를 변화시키는 조절 변수들의 효과를 고찰한다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 동료 특성(동료의 능력/인기)과 행위자 본인 특성(정서활용)의 조절 효과를 동시에 고찰한다. 연구가설 검증을 위해 국내 기업에 종사하는 218쌍의 조직구성원과 그들의 동료에게 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 가설 검증 결과, 동료 특성의 조절효과는 지지되지 못하였으나 근로자의 네트워크 동기, 동료 특성, 근로자 정서활용 세 변수의 상호작용이 근로자의 도움 행동의 다양한 양태를 설명하였다. 본 연구는 조직 내 집단에서 근로자들이 보이는 대인관계적 행동의 복잡한 양태를 심층적으로 고찰함으로써 이에 대한 해답을 제시하고자 한다. While scholars and practitioners recognize the importance of social networking of employees in organizations, existing studies have not provided answers to how employees exert extra efforts to occupy better positions within the social network. To fill this gap, drawing on the notion of social network, I posit that employees who want to achieve good positions in social networks are likely to show interpersonal helping behavior. In addition, I further examine the boundary conditions that change the above relationship. Specifically, this paper simultaneously examines the moderating role of characteristics of a coworker (ability and popularity) and of the focal actor (use of emotion). To test the proposed research model, this paper adopted a cross-sectional survey design and collected data from 218 employee-coworker dyads who work in companies in Korea. While I failed to find the moderating role of coworker characteristics, the current research found significant three-way interaction effect of employee"s social network motives, coworker characteristics, and employee"s use of emotion on their helping behavior. The current research intends to explain the complicated nature of the inter-personal dynamics in groups and organizations.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION SHIFT STRATEGY BASED ON GREEDY ALGORITHM USING PREDICTED VELOCITY

Dongwon Jeoung,Kyunghan Min,선우명호 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.1

Control strategies for the vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission greatly affects the fuel economy and drivability. In general, the gear shift of automatic transmission is controlled based on the two-dimensional lookup tables. The lookup tables are calibrated based on the experimental results at a steady state condition. However, this method has a limitation on improving the fuel efficiency in a dynamic driving environment like an urban condition. In order to improve the fuel efficiency, this study proposes an optimal gear shift strategy based on the greedy control method using the predicted velocity. Since future driving conditions can be estimated using predicted velocity, optimal gear shifting is searched using a greedy algorithm based on the predicted velocity. A PI-type driver model and powertrain model are designed to calculate the forecasting vehicle states after gear shifting with predicted velocity. The proposed strategy was validated through the simulation of the urban driving cycle using various time period predicted velocity. Results show fuel efficiency was improved by up to 1.6 % while shiftbusyness is prevented compared with the shift pattern which focused on fuel economy. As a result, the proposed strategy is affordable for improving not only the fuel economy but also the drivability in the dynamic driving environment.

Government Roles in Policy Networks against COVID-19: Comparing Two Cases in S. Korea

Dongwon Kim J-INSTITUTE 2020 Protection Convergence Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to discuss what structural type of policy network, that is, inter-organi-zational relations, is effective for overcoming health crisis such as coronavirus outbreak and a pandemic. Assum-ing that Korea has been relatively successful in protecting the spread of infection, we attempt to select two main Korean cases and compare the structural characteristics, such as centrality of policy networks for those cases. Method: It defines the scope of the network to major decision-making agencies, resource mobiliza-tion agencies, and other supporting agencies that officially participate in achieving the policy goals, and analyzes the urgency and importance of the policy goals, the public-good nature of policy, leading forces and authority, participants and their activities, etc. with qualitative data released by various experts and organizations including the government. Results: In the corona response system, the policy goal is very urgent and important, so the government is in charge of it, and the network has been highly concentrated around disease control and prevention institutions that have specialized expertise while destroying the ranks. In the treatment and vaccine development support system, reduced concentration characterizes public-private partnerships, where the private sector wants to ac-tively participate due to the enormous opportunity to generate profits, while the private sector wants active leadership from the government due to the high risk of market failure. Conclusion: Korea s successful prevention of corona damage came from the role of the government, which effectively utilizes IT technology and medical resources and promotes public trust, leading to citizen participation. However, the symbolism of “the big government is back” is implied behind it. Now, at the time when the “big government” is about to return, it will not only expand the size and budget of the government as in the past, but will expand its character as a surveillance state and a health crisis state.