Evaluation of Various Slow-release Nitrogen Sources for Growth and Establishment of Poa pratensis L. on Sand-based Systems

이상국,David D. Minner,Nick E. Christians 한국잔디학회 2010 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.24 No.2

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients among 17 essential nutrients for maintaining turfgrass color and quality. The slow release fertilizers were initially developed to provide a more consistent release of nitrogen over a longer period and are often used to decrease leaching potential from sandy soils. The goal of this study is to determine if various slow release N sources affect the rate at which turfgrass establishes. Six nitrogen sources were evaluated; Nitroform (38-0-0), Nutralene (40-0-0), Organiform (30-0-0), Sulfur coated urea (SCU, 37-0-0), urea (46-0-0), and Milorganite (6-0-0). The root zone media was seeded and sodded with ‘Limousine’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Sodded pots produced 182 to 518 g more clipping dry weight than seeded pots. Among seeded pots,Milorganite produced greater amount of root dry weight than any other N sources. Because the period of turfgrass growth is different between sodded and seeded plots, there were differences on clipping yield and root growth. Overall,high N rate had turf color greater than acceptable color of 6 among seeded pots throughout the study. However, low N rate didn’t produce acceptable turf color throughout the study. Based on the result of this study, Milorganite would be recommended for new establishment of Kentucky bluegrass than urea with less clipping yield which can lead to reduce labor.

Evaluationof Phosphorus Rateand Mixing Depthonthe Growthand Establishment of Kentucky bluegrass(Poapratensis L.) in Sand-Based Systems

이상국,David D. Minner,Nick E, Christians,Henry G. Taber 한국잔디학회 2009 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.23 No.2

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements of the phospholipids that are involved in the formation of plant cell membranes. Phosphorus is highly immobile in soils and is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus mobility and availability varies with several factors such as application frequency, placement in the soil, and the amount of irrigation or precipitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of P applications at level of 0, 146, and 293 kg․ha-1 at four mixing depths (0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm )on the growth and establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) in a sand-based system.Grass clipping samples were collectedevery two weeks, dried, and weighed. Total root dry weight, root organic matter, and tissue content of P were measured at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total P concentration. No difference was found between application of P to the surface and to the 7.6 cm mixing depth. However, surface application with 146 and 293 kg P․ha-1 produced 8-10% and 16-20% more P in tissue than subsurface applications, respectively Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements of the phospholipids that are involved in the formation of plant cell membranes. Phosphorus is highly immobile in soils and is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus mobility and availability varies with several factors such as application frequency, placement in the soil, and the amount of irrigation or precipitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of P applications at level of 0, 146, and 293 kg․ha-1 at four mixing depths (0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm )on the growth and establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) in a sand-based system.Grass clipping samples were collectedevery two weeks, dried, and weighed. Total root dry weight, root organic matter, and tissue content of P were measured at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total P concentration. No difference was found between application of P to the surface and to the 7.6 cm mixing depth. However, surface application with 146 and 293 kg P․ha-1 produced 8-10% and 16-20% more P in tissue than subsurface applications, respectively

Comparison of Urea and Methylene Urea at Four Mixing Depths on the Growth and Establishment of Poa pratensis L. in Sand-based Systems

Sangkook Lee,David D Minner,Nick E Christians 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2020 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.9 No.1

Nitrogen (N) may be easily leached from a sand-based system. Frequent application of N is a way to reduce leaching. Repeated applications result in increasing cost. Slow-release fertilizers were designed to provide a steady release of N over time. Use of slow-release N sources has been promoted as a more efficient N fertilizer strategy. This study was conducted to evaluate N leaching, root and shoot growth, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) when urea and methylene urea were placed at four mixing depths in a sand-based system. Grass clipping samples were collected every two weeks, dried and weighed. Root dry weight and root organic matter were evaluated at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) content. Surface applied urea produced the largest clipping yield and the best NUE for total mass yield, with the lowest NO₃-N loss due to leaching. When applied subsurface, Methylene urea at the deepest mixing depth of 22.9 cm produced 121% more shoot growth, 57% less NO₃-N leaching, and 46% more NUE for total mass than urea. Split applications of surface applied urea provided the best establishment of Kentucky bluegrass sod on sand-based systems based on the results of the study.

Evaluation of Various Slow-release Nitrogen Sources for Growth and Establishment of Poa pratensis on Sand-based Systems

Sang-Kook Lee(이상국),David D. Minner(데이브 미너),Nick E. Christians(닉크리스챤) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2010 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.24 No.2

질소는 색감과 품질을 유지하기 위한 잔디의 성장에 필요한 17가지 필수 영양성분중에 하나이다. 완효성 비료는 일정한 양의 질소 영양성분을 오랜기간 동안 제공하기 위해서 개발이 되었고 모래지반에서 특히 더 잘 용탈되는 질소의 양을 줄이기 위해서 사용이 된다. 이 실험의 목적은 다양한 완효성 비료가 다른 비율로 시비 되었을때 잔디조성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지에 대해서 조사하였다. 총 6가지 질소비료가 실험되었으며 켄터키블루 그래스가 파종과 뗏장을 위해 사용이 되었다. 뗏장으로 조성된 실험구가 파종으로 조성된 실험구 보다 182에서 518 g 예지물을 더 생산하였다. 파종으로 조성된 실험구중에서는 밀오거나이트가 가장 많은 뿌리의 건중량을 생산하였다. 파종과 뗏장은 잔디의 성장 기간이 다르기 때문에 예지물의 양과 뿌리의 건중량에서 차이가 난다. 본 실험의 결과에 따르면 밀오거나이트가 다른 5가지의 질소비료 보다 예지물의 생산이 적었으며 지하부의 성장이다 좋았으므로 켄터키블루그래스가 처음 조성이 될때는 밀오거나이트가 권장이 된다. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients among 17 essential nutrients for maintaining turfgrass color and quality. The slow release fertilizers were initially developed to provide a more consistent release of nitrogen over a longer period and are often used to decrease leaching potential from sandy soils. The goal of this study is to determine if various slow release N sources affect the rate at which turfgrass establishes. Six nitrogen sources were evaluated; Nitroform (38-0-0), Nutralene (40-0-0), Organiform (30-0-0), Sulfur coated urea (SCU, 37-0-0), urea (46-0-0), and Milorganite (6-0-0). The root zone media was seeded and sodded with ‘Limousine’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Sodded pots produced 182 to 518 g more clipping dry weight than seeded pots. Among seeded pots, Milorganite produced greater amount of root dry weight than any other N sources. Because the period of turfgrass growth is different between sodded and seeded plots, there were differences on clipping yield and root growth. Overall, high N rate had turf color greater than acceptable color of 6 among seeded pots throughout the study. However, low N rate didn’t produce acceptable turf color throughout the study. Based on the result of this study, Milorganite would be recommended for new establishment of Kentucky bluegrass than urea with less clipping yield which can lead to reduce labor.

Evaluationof Phosphorus Rateand Mixing Depthonthe Growthand Establishment of Kentucky bluegrass(Poapratensis L.) in Sand-Based Systems

Sang-Kook Lee(이상국),David D. Minner(데이비드미너),Nick E Christians(닉크리스챤),Henry G. Taber(헨리테이버) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2009 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.23 No.2

인산은 식물세포막의 형성과 관련 있는 인지질의 주요 구성요소이다. 인산은 토양에서 움직일 수 없기 때문에 자주식물 생장에 저해요인으로 작용하기도 한다. 인산의 이동성과 식물의 이용성은 인산의 시용빈도, 토양에서의 위치, 관수량 및 강우와 같은 다양한 요인에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 모래시공 골프장에서 인산의 시용량(0, 146, 293 ㎏?㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>)이 인산을 혼합하는 깊이(0, 7.6, 15.2, 22.9 ㎝)에 따라 캔터키블루그래스의 생장과 정착에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 그 결과 인산은 토양표면과 7.6 ㎝의 깊이에 시용하였을 때 통계적인 유의성이 발견되지 않았다. 하지만 헥타아르당 146과 293 ㎏을 시용하였을 때 무처리보다 식물 체조직내에서 8~10%와 16~20%의 인산이 검출되었다. Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements of the phospholipids that are involved in the formation of plant cell membranes. Phosphorus is highly immobile in soils and is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus mobility and availability varies with several factors such as application frequency, placement in the soil, and the amount of irrigation or precipitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of P applications at level of 0, 146, and 293 ㎏?㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> at four mixing depths (0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 ㎝ )on the growth and establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) in a sand-based system.Grass clipping samples were collectedevery two weeks, dried, and weighed. Total root dry weight, root organic matter, and tissue content of P were measured at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total P concentration. No difference was found between application of P to the surface and to the 7.6 ㎝ mixing depth. However, surface application with 146 and 293 ㎏ P?㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> produced 8-10% and 16-20% more P in tissue than subsurface applications, respectively.

Evaluation of Various Slow-release Nitrogen Sources for Growth and Establishment of Poa pratensis on Sand-based Systems

이상국,데이브 미너,닉크리스챤,Lee, Sang-Kook,Minner, David D.,Christians, Nick E. Turfgrass Society of Korea 2010 한국잔디학회지 Vol.24 No.2

질소는 색감과 품질을 유지하기 위한 잔디의 성장에 필요한 17가지 필수 영양성분중에 하나이다. 완효성 비료는 일정한 양의 질소 영양성분을 오랜기간 동안 제공하기 위해서 개발이 되었고 모래지반에서 특히 더 잘 용 탈되는 질소의 양을 줄이기 위해서 사용이 된다. 이 실험의 목적은 다양한 완효성 비료가 다른 비율로 시비 되었을때 잔디조성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지에 대해서 조사하였다. 총 6가지 질소비료가 실험되었으며 켄터키블루그래스가 파종과 뗏장을 위해 사용이 되었다. 뗏장으로 조성된 실험구가 파종으로 조성된 실험구 보다 182에서 518 g 예지물을 더 생산하였다. 파종으로 조성된 실험구중에서는 밀오거나이트가 가장 많은 뿌리의 건중량을 생산하였다. 파종과 뗏장은 잔디의 성장 기간이 다르기 때문에 예지물의 양과 뿌리의 건중량에서 차이가 난다. 본 실험의 결과에 따르면 밀오거나이트가 다른 5가지의 질소비료 보다 예지물의 생산이 적었으며 지하부의 성장이다 좋았으므로 켄터키블루그래스가 처음 조성이 될때는 밀오거나이트가 권장이 된다. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients among 17 essential nutrients for maintaining turfgrass color and quality. The slow release fertilizers were initially developed to provide a more consistent release of nitrogen over a longer period and are often used to decrease leaching potential from sandy soils. The goal of this study is to determine if various slow release N sources affect the rate at which turfgrass establishes. Six nitrogen sources were evaluated; Nitroform (38-0-0), Nutralene (40-0-0), Organiform (30-0-0), Sulfur coated urea (SCU, 37-0-0), urea (46-0- 0), and Milorganite (6-0-0). The root zone media was seeded and sodded with 'Limousine' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Sodded pots produced 182 to 518 g more clipping dry weight than seeded pots. Among seeded pots, Milorganite produced greater amount of root dry weight than any other N sources. Because the period of turfgrass growth is different between sodded and seeded plots, there were differences on clipping yield and root growth. Overall, high N rate had turf color greater than acceptable color of 6 among seeded pots throughout the study. However, low N rate didn't produce acceptable turf color throughout the study. Based on the result of this tudy, ilorganite would be ecommended for new establishment of Kentucky bluegrass an urea with less clipping yield which can lead to reduce abor.

Evaluationof Phosphorus Rateand Mixing Depthonthe Growthand Establishment of Kentucky bluegrass(Poapratensis L.) in Sand-Based Systems

이상국,데이비드미너,닉크리스챤,헨리테이버,Lee, Sang-Kook,Minner, David D.,Nick E., Christians,Taber, Henry G. Turfgrass Society of Korea 2009 한국잔디학회지 Vol.23 No.2

인산은 식물세포막의 형성과 관련 있는 인지질의 주요 구성요소이다. 인산은 토양에서 움직일 수 없기 때문에 자주식물 생장에 저해요인으로 작용하기도 한다. 인산의 이동성과 식물의 이용성은 인산의 시용빈도, 토양에서의 위치, 관수량 및 강우와 같은 다양한 요인에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 모래시공 골프장에서 인산의 시용량(0, 146, 293 $kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$)이 인산을 혼합하는 깊이(0, 7.6, 15.2, 22.9 cm)에 따라 캔터키블루그래스의 생장과 정착에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 그 결과 인산은 토양표면과 7.6cm의 깊이에 시용하였을 때 통계적인 유의성이 발견되지 않았다. 하지만 헥타아르당 146과 293kg을 시용하였을 때 무처리보다 식물 체조직 내에서 8~10%와 16~20%의 인산이 검출되었다. Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements of the phospholipids that are involved in the formation of plant cell membranes. Phosphorus is highly immobile in soils and is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus mobility and availability varies with several factors such as application frequency, placement in the soil, and the amount of irrigation or precipitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of P applications at level of 0, 146, and 293 $kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ at four mixing depths (0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm )on the growth and establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) in a sand-based system.Grass clipping samples were collectedevery two weeks, dried, and weighed. Total root dry weight, root organic matter, and tissue content of P were measured at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total P concentration. No difference was found between application of P to the surface and to the 7.6 cm mixing depth. However, surface application with 146 and 293 kg $P{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ produced 8-10% and 16-20% more P in tissue than subsurface applications, respectively.