Lack of Association of the MDR1 C3435T Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer and Peptic Ulcer: a Systemic Review and Meta-analysis

Wu, Dan-Dan,Zhang, Ji-Xiang,Li, Jiao,Dong, Wei-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Background: The multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) C3435T polymorphism has been demonstrated to influence the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity level which is related to inflammation and carcinogenesis. This meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer (PU). Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted with PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library up to November 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Data were analyzed using Review Manager (Version 5.2), and Stata package (version 12.0) for estimation of publication bias. Results: Six case-control studies were included, of which five were for GC and two for PU. Overall, no evidence was found for any association between the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and the susceptibility to GC and PU. In the stratified analysis by H. pylori infection status, stage and histology classification of GC, and PU type, there was still no significant association between them. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to GC and PU. Large and well-designed studies are warranted to validate our findings.

High Yield Rhizopus chinenisis Prolipase Production in Pichia pastoris: Impact of Methanol Concentration

Dan Wu,Xiao Wei Yu,Tong Chun Wang,Rui Wang,Yan Xu 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.2

Rhizopus lipases have been successfully expressed in Pichia pastors and different fermentation strategies have been investigated. However, there is no sufficient study on the effects of methanol concentration on the production of Rhizopus lipases in P. pastors. In this study, the lipase from Rhizopus chinensis CCTCC M20102 was expressed under different fed-batch fermentation conditions at methanol concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 g/L. The lipase activity, stability, and productivities were analyzed. The optimum methanol concentration was 1 g/L, with the highest lipase activity of 2,130 U/mL, without degradation. Additional information was obtained from the analysis of methanol consumption and production rates. The results also suggested that the cell concentration at the end of the glycerol fed-batch phase was very important for cell viability and protease activity.

Kinetics of Sn(Oct)2-Catalyzed Ring Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone

Dan Wu,Yin Lv,Rui Guo,Jiahui Li,Aerman Habadati,Bowen Lu,Heyun Wang,Zhong Wei 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.11

To evaluate the effects of different alcohols (primary, secondary, and two different tertiary alcohols) as initiators on the structure of polycaprolactone (PCL) in ring-opening polymerization (ROP), four experiments were conducted in toluene with tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as the catalyst. The kinetics of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) ROP at different temperatures and monomer concentrations were studied with n-butanol as the initiator and Sn(Oct)2 as the catalyst. The kinetic plot of ln(M0/Mt) vs. time (t) seems a linear, which indicates that the propagation rate is in the first order with respect to monomer concentration. When the reaction temperature increased, the reaction rate and the final relative maximum monomer conversions also increased. The molecular weight of PCL initially increased and then decreased as monomer conversion increased. This behavior can be attributed to the high viscosity of the system, which affected monomer diffusion and polymer chain propagation. In addition, prolonging reaction time caused inter-/intramolecular transesterification. However, when monomer concentration decreased, the reaction rate decreased. The actual activation energy of Sn(Oct)2-catalyzed ROP of ε-CL in toluene was -75 kJ/mol.

Numerical Investigation of Flow Properties of Rotating Detonation Engines

Dan Wu,Jian-Ping Wang 한국전산유체공학회 2014 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

Based on Euler equations with one-step chemical reaction model, 3D numerical simulations of rotating detonation engine (RDE) are performed to investigate flow properties inside its combustor in detail. It is found that most of the flow field inside the combustor of RDE is under subsonic state. At the exit of the combustor, all detonation products exhaust subsonically. Thus, RDE needs a Laval tail nozzle to increase its performance. Near the areas of the detonation wave, the shock wave reflections, the interface between reactants and products, and the contact surface, the radial velocity is large; however, it’s still small and its effects on the performance of RDE can be ignored, compared with the corresponding circumferential and axial velocities. After the detonation wave, the circumferential velocity increases abruptly. While the oblique shock wave seeps, both the circumferential and axial velocities increase. At the exit of the combustor, the circumferential energy flux is about 20% of the total energy flux. This will cause energy loss and reduce RDE performance.

Homicidal Poisoning of Heroin and Estazolam : Autopsy and Pathological Findings, Toxicological Analysis

Dan Liu,Shangxun Li,Xiangtao Ma,Jinxue Gao,Liang Xu,Jun He,Yuhong Li,Dan Yan,Yiwu Zhou,Qingming Wu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.4

We reported an unusual homicidal case in which a 40-year-old woman was deceived into drinking a cup of milk that had 72 tablets of estazolam (2mg/tablet) dissolved in, and then being injected heroin aqueous solution on the right deltoid region by the criminal. At autopsy, pinpoint pupils and a new injection site on the right deltoid region were found. The pathologic pictures showed multiple patchy hemorrhages and considerable amounts of foreign amorphous substance with yellow appearance at the injection site. Some double refracting crystals with the forms of Maltese cross, acicular, rhomb or irregular were found by polarizing microscope, which may result from the diluent in heroin such as starch. Toxicological qualitative analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated the presence of benzodiazepine and morphine in blood and urine, and heroin in the injector left at scene. Quantitative analysis was also performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), providing the data on distribution of 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine and estazolam in the woman’s body. And the cause of death was determined to polydrug heroin-related deaths due to the combined poisoning of heroin and estazolam. It taught a lesson that the determination of other drugs, particularly central nervous system depressants in heroin poisoning were quite important in forensic expertise.

Influence of Bisphenol A on the transport and deposition behaviors of bacteria in quartz sand

Wu, Dan,He, Lei,Sun, Ruonan,Tong, Meiping,Kim, Hyunjung Elsevier 2017 Water research Vol.121 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The influence of Bisphenol A (BPA) on the transport and deposition behaviors of bacteria in quartz sand was examined in both NaCl (10 and 25 mM) and CaCl<SUB>2</SUB> solutions (1.2 and 5 mM) by comparing the breakthrough curves and retained profiles of cell with BPA in suspensions versus those without BPA. Gram-negative <I>Escherichia coli</I> and Gram-positive <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> were employed as model cells in the present study. The extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek interaction energy calculation revealed that the presence of BPA in cell suspensions led to a lower repulsive interaction between the cells and the quartz sand. This suggests that, theoretically, increased cell deposition on quartz sand would be expected in the presence of BPA. However, under all examined solution conditions, the presence of BPA in cell suspensions increased transport and decreased deposition of bacteria in porous media regardless of cell type, ionic strength, ion valence, the presence or absence of extracellular polymeric substances. We found that competition by BPA through hydrophobicity for deposition sites on the quartz sand surfaces was the sole contributor to the enhanced transport and decreased deposition of bacteria in the presence of BPA.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Transport of bacteria in porous media was affected by Bisphenol A (BPA). </LI> <LI> BPA increased the transport of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive cells. </LI> <LI> BPA increased cell transport regardless of ionic strength, ion valence, and EPS. </LI> <LI> Repulsive interaction between bacteria and quartz sand was decreased by BPA. </LI> <LI> Competition deposition sites by BPA drove to the increased cell transport. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

중국 현대 복식의 (탈)정치적 특성 -선전 포스터에 나타난 사례를 중심으로-

오단 ( Dan Wu ),임은혁 ( Eun-hyuk Yim ) 한국의류학회 2015 한국의류학회지 Vol.39 No.4

This study analyzes Chinese dresses featured in propaganda posters since the mid-20^th century as well as explores the political characteristics of dress. This study used an in-depth interview method to investigate information from 10 Chinese familiar with public awareness and donning practices of the Chinese from 1949 to present. Interviews and analysis provided the following conclusions. First, Zhongshan-zhuang, Lie-ning-Zhuang and Bulaji were widely worn in the Reconstruction because of the revolutionary spirit; in addition, Huayishang also became simultaneously popular as a means to reflect the new aspects of socialism. Second, Jufu/Junbianfu were the most common dresses during the period of Cultural Revolution because the government used various mechanisms to control public opinion. Third, Western fashion began to enter the Chinese market and suit wearing by the Chinese became a symbol of the Reformation and Open-door policy. Traditional dress is no longer a symbol of Feudalism and is a part of Chinese culture that has been reaccepted in the Reformation and Open-door times. Finally, during these 60 years, Chinese dress has obvious political characteristics, but began to change. The changes of political characteristics were, de-politicization expressed by the introduction of Western ready-made, permissions for traditional dress and diversification/ individualization.

Antitumor bioactivity of porphyran extracted from <i>Pyropia yezoensis</i> Chonsoo2 on human cancer cell lines

He, Dan,Wu, Siya,Yan, Liping,Zuo, Jihui,Cheng, Yang,Wang, Hanfei,Liu, Jian,Zhang, Xu,Wu, Mingjiang,Choi, Jong‐,il,Tong, Haibin John WileySons, Ltd 2019 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol.99 No.15

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I>, rich in porphyran, is a medicine‐edible red alga. In the present study, the physicochemical characteristics, conformational states and antitumor activities of a novel porphyran extracted from the high‐yield algal strain <I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> Chonsoo2 and its two degraded derivatives by gamma irradiation were investigated.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> porphyran is a water‐soluble, triple‐helical sulfated hetero‐galactopyranose, named PYP. PYP was degraded by gamma irradiation at 20 kGy and 50 kGy, giving two low molecular weight derivatives comprising PYP‐20 and PYP‐50, respectively. PYP with a higher molecular weight has a solution conformation different from PYP‐20 and PYP‐50. Three porphyrans had no toxicity in normal human liver cells (HL‐7702) and showed antitumor effects on Hep3B, HeLa and MDA‐MB‐231. They had better antitumor against HeLa cells, exhibiting a similar inhibition ratio compared to 5‐fluorouracil, with PYP especially exhibiting a higher inhibition ratio than 5‐fluorouracil. With respect to HeLa cells, the different antitumor activities might be related to porphyran molecular weight and solution conformation. Furthermore, the HeLa cell cycle was blocked in the G2/M phase after PYP treatment, leading to cell proliferation inhibition. The induction of cell cycle arrest was related to the changes in the expression of p21, p53, Cyclin B1 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> porphyran, as applied to medicine and functional food, could potentially be used as a non‐toxic natural adjuvant in cancer therapy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry</P>

한 · 중 · 일 유교문화 전통적 요소를 사용한 패키지디자인 연구

오단(Wu, Dan),박종빈(Park, Jongbin) 한국일러스아트학회 2022 조형미디어학 Vol.25 No.4

유교문화는 한국, 중국, 일본 등에 영향을 미치는 국제적인 특수 문화현상이 있는 동양문화이다. 유교 사상은 정치 · 사상 · 문화, 나아가 경제생활의 각 방면에서 지배적인 위치를 차지하고 있어 아시아 각 국가의 미치는 영향이 크다. 따라서 전통 장식 문양은 문화예술의 한 측면으로서 유교문화 사상의 영향을 많이 받는다. 전통적인 문양 요소로서 꽃, 나뭇잎, 구름 등 상징적인 요소에 정신적인 의미를 부여한다. 본 연구는 유교문화의 특징, 패키지디자인의 개념 및 중요성을 이론적 배경으로 삼고 있다. 제품의 종류와 사용되는 유교문화를 대표하는 문양을 조사하고, 전통문화와 유교문화에 대한 이해가 다른 배경의 한국, 중국, 일본의 패키지디자인의 공통성과 차별성을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 유교문화의 패키지디자인 활용을 더욱 잘 구현하기 위하여 제품 종류에 대하여 일정한 유교문화사상을 지닌 3가지 제품을 선정하였다. 연구에 사용된 유교문화의 문양 선택은 유교문화에서 사람과 자연이 조화롭게 통일되어야 한다는 이념에 따라 자연에서 가장 흔히 볼 수 있는 꽃, 잎, 구름 원소를 채택하였다. 이를 바탕으로 한국, 중국, 일본 3개국은 제품 종류와 사용하는 유교문화의 문양 종류가 같다는 전제 아래 국가별로 5가지 패키지디자인 사례(총 3가지 경우: 꽃문양을 사용한 주류 제품의 패키지디자인, 잎 문양을 사용한 차 류 제품의 패키지디자인, 구름 문양을 함유한 식품 제품 선물 상자의 패키지디자인)를 제시하고 패키지디자인에 사용된 디자인 요소(예를 들어 패키지디자인에 사용된 색상, 이미지, 도안의 표현 방법 등)를 비교 분석하였다. Confucian culture, an oriental culture, occupies a dominant position in Asian countries’ culture, politics and economy. It has a profound impact on the culture of Korea, China, Japan and the world. Therefore, traditional decorative patterns are greatly influenced by Confucianism in the aspects of culture and art. This study uses the characteristics of Confucian culture, the concept and importance of package design as theoretical backgrounds. The types of products and the patterns representing Confucian culture were investigated, while the commonality and the differentiation of package designs in Korea, China, and Japan were analyzed based on the understanding of traditional and Confucian culture in China, Japan and South Korea. In this study, in order to better implement the use of the package design of Confucian culture, three products that has ideological connotation of Confucian culture were selected. The symbolic patterns of Confucian culture selected in the study include flowers, leaves, and cloud elements. Under the premise that the product type and the pattern type of Confucian culture used are the same, I compared the similarities and differences in product packaging design between China, Japan and South Korea. (e.g., package design of liquor product using flower patterns, package design of tea product using leaves patterns, package design of food product using cloud patterns on its gift boxes) and compared design elements in the aspects of color, image, and expression method used in package design.

中国公司法之司法续造的实证分析:困惑与出路

무취단(Wu Cui Dan)(武翠丹) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2016 圓光法學 Vol.32 No.2

基于公司法时滞性、技术性、自治性立法层面的障碍, 《公司法》无法预期涵摄后出现的社会关系是必然的, 这也必将致使法律漏洞的产生, 《公司法》这个无法弥补的先天遗憾, 却促使司法实践中不得不在一定程度上引入法官的主观能动性, 法官在公司法立法层面日趋完善而司法层面实施弱化的大背景之下, 仍然依靠三段论的推理模式解决公司 法律规制阙如的司法困惑显然力不从心。司法不得不针对公司法律规则的不完备性进行续造, 以期弥补公司法理论与公司法实务之间的缝隙。只是司法续造的过程中应当注意防守司法介入的底限, 不仅不能威胁公司自治精神的存在, 而且也不能窒息公司自治的功能。文章在分析司法续造影响性因素的基础之上, 为解决“同案不同判”的冲突, 走出司法能动性与成文法稳定性的两难困境, 为填补公司法律漏洞提供统一的司法解决方案, 提出公司法司法续造的方法论基础。在宏观原则即:信奉统一的司法哲学、审慎理性的司法裁量、实施性效果前瞻性考量的指导下, 对于法律漏洞的克服, 进行类别化识别与填补。 While centered around the theme of judicial development of company law against the macro-background characteristic of perfecting legislation and weakening jurisdiction, this dissertation presents an exploring research on the mechanism ensuring a positive reactive relationship and smooth dialogue between statute company law and jurisdiction thereof.The current research focuses on how jurists who bear the responsibility of forwarding decisions in specific cases by way of syllogism, interpret and develop company law in the absence of statute law adequately applicable to cases in hand ? Based on the legislative obstacles of the Company Law, like time lag, technicality and autonomy, judiciary has to create law for the incompleteness of the Company Law. In this process, it is the bottom of judicial intervention that should be concerned to be defended, which not only cannot threaten the existence of the spirit of company autonomy but also cannot to stifle the functions of company autonomy. Empirical methods are adopted in this research, in combination with the achievements by other scholars worked on related themes, the latest theoretical developments and overseas practices in similar areas as well, to deal with the challenges specified above. The purported purpose of this research is to work out a uniform mechanism for structuring a general theory on the theme so as to solve problems with respect to conflicts between decisions among individual cases, to find a way out of the dilemma between dynamic judicial innovations and the stability of legislation, and also to fill up the gap between company law theories and judicial practices and the leaks in statute company law. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of judicial renewing, the article promotes the methodology foundation of the judicial renewing in Company Law. The macroscopic principle: under the guidance of believing in uniform judicial philosophy, prudent and rational discretion and foresight examination for implementation effect, it is through the categorized recognition and padding that the legal loopholes can be overcame.