초보선수 경기력 향상을 위한 심리적 준비의 응용 스포츠 심리학에 관한 고찰

최윤택,정대철 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to help coaches and instructors to improve their beginning players' athletic abilities and skills by applying mental preparation method of the sports psychology. The applied sports psychology utilizes psychological knowledge to develop, implement, and satisfy the persons concerned to the sports. The applied sports psychology includes effective improvement of sports skills, motivation to practise and endure hard drills, dealing smoothly with private matters, efforts to become a better coach, and sports psyching. The sports psyching has a variety of strategies: centering to minimize problem thought that can distract players' attention right before the game and the self-statement coping-skills, centering to decrease excessive excitement or anxiety and the self-statement coping-skills plus gradual relaxation, centering to minimize partner's psyching-out and self-statement coping-skills, recalling the best performance' to escape from the slump, setting an actual short-term goal to minimize failure or disappointment, and the coach's using check-list that helps to detect their players' sports psyching skills used. The sports psyching is a mental technology to be mastered by each individuals hard training, The beginning players can access their maximum potential through the technology acquired by sports psyching practice.

교맥 에탄올 추출물의 멜라닌생성 억제효과

김대성,노성택,이장천,임규상,신미란,우원홍,문연자 한국전통의학연구소 2006 한국전통의학지 Vol.15 No.1

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of Fagopyrum escuentum(FE) on the melanogenesis. To determine whether ethanol extract of FE suppress melanin synthesis in cellular level, B16F10 melanoma cells were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of FE ethanol extract. In the present study, the author examined the effects of FE ethanol extract on cell proliferation, melanin contents, tyrosinase activity. Cell proliferation was slightly increased by treatment with ethanol extract of FE (25-200 ㎍/ml). The ethanol extract of FE effectively suppressed melanin contents at a dose of 100 ㎍/ml. It was observed that the color of cell pellets was totally whitened compared with the control. The ethanol extract of FE inhibited tyrosinase activity, regulate melanin biosynthesis as the key enzyme in melanogenesis. These results suggest that the ethanol extract of FE exerts its depigmenting effects through the suppression of tyrosinase activity. And it may be a potent depigmetation agent in hyperpigmentation condition.

제주도의 노린재목 곤충 군집에 관한 연구-초지에서 채집되는 육루군을 대상으로- : 초지에서 채집되는 육접군을 대상으로

김원택,김대호 제주대학교 1986 논문집 Vol.22 No.-

This study was performed between June and October. 1984 in order to investigate the community structure of the heteropteran insects(Geoc0risae) through the mathematical analysis in the grassland of Cheju Island The results are summarised as follows; 1. The heteropteran insects(Geocorisae) in the grassland of Cheju Island are composed of total 70 species and 63 genera of 17 families. The diurnal type is composed of 41 species and 36 genera of 13 families. the nocturnal type is composed of 9 species and 9 genera of 7 families. and the arhythmic type is composed of 20 species and 19 genera of 8 families. 2. The most varialbe species were distributed in August and September. and the largest numbers of individuals were collected in August 3. Dominant species of every month are different from each other. and on the whole the first dominant species is Nysius plebejus and second one is Adelphocoris suturalis. 4. Monthly indices of dominance was 0.057 (in August) to 0.889(in July). and diversity 0.280(in July) to 3. 148(in August). 5. The number of species per octave is concentrated on rare species(lower octave).

유혈목이(Natrix tigrina)의 腸間膜에 寄生한 鉤頭蟲의 Cystacanth幼蟲에 對한 硏究

辛大煥,沈雲澤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1984 충남의대잡지 Vol.11 No.1

The intensity, morphology and tegumental ultrastructure of cystacanth of Acanthocephala is described from the mesntery of snakes(Natrix tigrina) which caught at a certain locality in Chungchung Buk-Do. The results are briefly summarized as follows: 1. The intensity of cystacanth in the mesentery of N tigrina showed 1,039 worms from 30 snakes, and larger snakes were infested more worms. 2. Morphology of cystacanth:conic form, 3.1^mm in length, 0.6^mm in width, aspinose on metasoma, neck absent. Proboscis nearly cylindrical, 0.75mmin length, 17 to 18 longitudinal, regularily alternating row of 24 to 25 spines. Proboscis receptacle double-walled. It has morphological similarity with the genus Centrorhynchus. 3. The cross-sectioned preparations of the cystacanth reavealed several differences from the proboscis, anteriall and middle portion of metasoma. Tegument, musculature and fragments of testis showed in the pseudocoelom of metasoma. 4. Scanning electron micrograph of the cystacanth showed the basic feature of the worm on light microscopical observations, except the more clearly and detailed arrangement of spines on proboscis. 5. The ultrastructure of the tegument of cystacanth showed seveveral different zones in their construction. These are the outermost epicuticle, plasma membrane, striped zone, vesicle zone, felt zone and radial zone. The thicker epicuticle was well developed and the layers beneath the cuticle contained numerous microtubule-like structures, vesicles, fibrous strands as well as glycogen particles.

극성이 큰 용매의 이온화력 척도와 친핵도와 상관관계

임귀택,김양희,성대동 東亞大學校 1994 東亞論叢 Vol.31 No.1

Solvent ionizing power Y and solvent nucleophilicity N have been determined by means of kinetics in l,l,l,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol(HFP) and 2-propanol(PrOH) solvent mixtures. The solvolytic rate constants are increasing the content of HFP in HFP-PrOH solvent mixtures. This phenomenon is due to the fact that HFP molecules reaveal the strong anion solvation around the leaving group of the substrate. 2-Adamantyl tosylate is better than tert-butyl halides as a standard substrate for determining the ioniging power in most solvents because the rate-determining step of the former is shown as ion-pair intermediate as shown in ?? mechanism. The solvolysis of tert-butyl chloride is close to ?? mechanism, but tert-butyl bromide and iodide is not useful as a standard substrate for determining the solvent ionizing power based on ?? mechanism since a carbocation is formed in the rate-determining step, and simultaneously the mucleophilic solvent assistance takes place. In HFP-PrOH solvent mixtures the ionizing power Y values(??) are increased, but the nucleophilicity N Values(??) are decreased, as the HFP content is increased. Such a tendency is in accord with the fact that the pKa value of HFP is very low compared with most protic solvents and also in accord with the fact that the first ionization energy of HFP is very high. This is due to the fact that the electron density of the lone electron pair in oxygen diminishes remarkably by the inductive effect(electron-withdrawing effect) of six fluorine atoms in HFP molecules which are of higher electron negativity. The magnitude of Y values for every substrate reveals the order of ??. This is due to the fact that the charge delocalization is increased by ?? and ?? which have relatively weak basicity.

固體還元劑에 의한 酸洗廢葉物인 酸化鐵의 充塡層 還元

李大喆,李圭澤 全北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

In the manufacturing process for obtaining reduced sponge iron from pickling-oxide, the production of sponge iron is strictly controlled by pre-reduction process of the pickling oxide bed by coal coke and anthracite. Consequently for the increased of this product, the fundamental knowleadge of a reduction mechanism of the packed bed has to be reviewed. In this study, time dependences of fractional reduction R for a packed columnar iron oxide bed at 1100℃ were measured for various kind of iron oxides with various particle size, using reducing agents, coal coke and anthracite. Fractional reduction R is measured for ratio of outer diameter of unreacted part r_0 and that of sponge iron r, R=1-(r r_0)^2.

세포질내 정자주입법(ICSI)에 있어서 정자흡입 및 난자내 주입방법에 관한 연구

이택후,김항진,송건호,김대근,전상식,박윤규,서태광,전병균,류은경,이은숙,문진수,김광철 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Study on Method of Sperm Aspiration and Injection into an Oocyte in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI) Immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm iniection(ICSI) sometimes results in crooked tail and this makes it difficult to aspirate sperm into an injection pipette tail first. Head-first sperm aspiration into an injection pipette avoid this problem due to the bigger size of the sperm head. The effect of head or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte on fertilization cleavage, percentage of grade I embryos and development to blastocyst stage in ICSI program has been studied. A single living immobilized spermatozoa from oligoasthenozoospermic patient was injected into an oocyte head-first or tail-first according to the treatment. Eighteen hours after microinjection, oocytes ware inspected for survival and fertilization Fertilized oocytes with two pronuclei were cultured in 30μl drop of mHTF supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated follicular fluid(FF) at 37℃. On day 2. embryo transfer was performed with cleaved embryos. The remaining 2-8 cell stage embryos were co-cultured with BRL cells in mHTF + 10% FF for 72 hours and the developmental stage was observed. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance. A total of 164 oocytes from 36 cycles were assigned to earth treatment and ICSI was performed(88 head-first, tail-first). The rates of normal fertilization were 81.8% and 76.3% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the fertilized oocytes, the percentage of cleaved embryos and the percentage of grade 1 embryo among cleaved embryos were 88.9% and 68.8%, 93.1% and 74.1% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the 2-8 cell embryos cultured, 44.4%(16/36) and 50.0%(10/20) for head first and tail first, respectively developed to blastocyst stage. There were no differences in fertilization, cleavage, rates of grade 1 embryos, and development to blastocyst stage. In conclusion, head-first or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte in ICSI program does not affect fertilization and subsequent embryo development to blastocyst stage in vitro.

病院 外來 患者에 있어서의 Toxoplasma 抗體價 分布에 關한 調査 硏究

辛大煥,徐志澤,李英河,羅榮彦 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.2

The results of Sabin & Feldman dye test for the detection of Toxoplasma antibody titer among 454 hospital outpatients were summarized as follows: 1. Among 454 test sera, 101 cases were positive, the positive rate was 22.2%. 2. According to age group, dye test positive rates were 33.3% (0-9 age group in years), 32.8% (40-49 age group in years), 31.6%(over 60 age group in years), 28.6%(10-19 age group in years), 20.1%(20-29 age group in years), 20.0%(30-39 age group in years), and 18.3%(50-59 age group in years). 3. According medical field, dye test postive rates were high in neurology(40%), pedatrics(37.5%), dermatology (36.4%), and surgery(30.6%) 4. Among 194 obstric and gynecological patients, abortion, anomaly, and retroversioflexion had high Toxoplasma antibody titers, but inflammatory disease, cancer, pregnancy and infertility revealed as relatively same antibody titers.

마우스 종양발생에서 Nitric Oxide의 역할에 관한 연구 Ⅲ : Helicobacter pylori에 의해 유발된 마우스 위암에서 염증매개인자의 역할 The role of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in H. Pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis

남기택,오상연,조현무,이국경,강진석,제정환,최미나,한상욱,김대용,장동덕,양기화,안병우 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

feficotorfer fyf☞ri(Hp)가 위암파 관련이 있다는 역학적인 증거는 많이 있지만 이에 대한 정확한 기전에 대해선 밝혀져 있지 않고 있으며 실험동물 모델도 적절하지 못한 것으로 알려져있다. 본 실험에서는 위암의 원인으로 알려져 있는 f, fyforf'(Hp)를 이용하여 마우스에서 위암 모델을 확립하고 만성염증과정 중에 생성되는 리0와 COX-2 등의 발현이 위암발생에 미치는 명향을 통하여 예방과 치료를 위한 점근을 시도하고자 하였다. 마우스를 7군으로 나누어서 1, 2, 3, 4군의 등물은 MNU를 증류수에 200ppm 농도로 음수병득 이용하띤 10주간 격주로 투여하였으며 MHU 음술 투여 1주 휴씩 후 배양한 f. fyrofi 를 약 109cru/rfll 로 맞춰 한 마리당 0.1ml 씩 이틀 간격으로 세 번에 걸쳐 하룻방 금식시킨 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7군기 마우스의 위장에 투입하떴다. 균 투입을 마친 후 다응 날부터 2군쏙 6군은 iNOS 억제제인 aminoguanidine(AG)을 음수병으로 툰여하였으며 3군과 7군은 COX-2 척제제인 nimesulide(NSD)를 투여하였다. 위의 종양발생양상을 샅최보면 bfNU와 Hp만을 투여한 1 관 ; (hfNU +Hp), 2군 : iNO을 inhibitor 투여군(MNU+HP+AG'1. 3군 ;CO딘-2 Inilibitor 투여군(MNU누Hp누 NSD), 4군 ,MNlf 단독투여군, 5군 ;Hp 단독투여춘, 6군 ; 러p 단독에 AG투여군, 7군 , Hp 단독에 NSD투여군의 종양발샐을은 각각 쁜.Bff(l1/16), 70.6%f12/ti), 했.9ff(7/18), 10%(1/10), Off(O/IS)0%(O/S), 0%(O/5)의 발쟁율을 보여 iNOS 억제제인 AC은 좁양발생을 억계하지 못하였으며, COX-2억제제인 NSD 는 종양발생을 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 콩양발생개수에서는 2.62±0.36, 1.41츠0.14, 0.44 르0.12, 0.10±0.10을 보여 AC와 NSD에서 유의성 있게 발생개수를 줄였다. Hp 단독투여에 의해즌는 종양발생이 나타나지 않았으며 HP+AG, Hp+ IfSD 추여군에콕 시험증료 시점에 약물에 의해 Hp의 제균효과가 있는지의 여부를 확인끓기 위하여 PCR을 이용하여 확인한 결과 모두 양성인 것으로 나타나 Hp의 제균효과에 의한 촐양발생 억제가 일어나지는 않았다. 위의 결과로 볼 때 Hp는 위암발생을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났고 딘p 감염시 매개되는 염증인자를 억제하였을 때 종양발생을 억제하는 것으로 위암 발생에서 염증매개인자는 종양을 촉진하는 것으로 나타났으며 it,705 억제제쓱 COX-』 억제제의 위알 예밭효과fl는 효과적일 것으로 사료된다 In spite of a large volume of epidemiological evidence indicating significant relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma, a doubt still exists on an elevated risk of stomach cancer by H. pylori infection due to lack of direct evidence of their exact mechanistic link. It is, therefore, essential to have an appropriate animal model for detailed analysis of the role of H. pylori played in gastric carcinogenesis. There is a wealth of evidence to support that over production of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) is involved in the pathogensis of various cancer in both rodents and humans. The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model for H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis and to identify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) played during the gastric carcinogenesis in mice. Eighty-three specific pathogen free, six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into seven groups. Animals of the group 1, 2, 3, 4 were given MNU in their drinking water at the concentration of 200 p.p.m. for total five cycles of one-week regimen with one-week pause. After completion of MNU administration, they were given autoclaved distilled water for one weeks, and groups 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 were inoculated with H. pylori. After completion of H. pylori. inoculation, groups 2 and 6 were given aminoguanidine in their drinking water at concentration of 1000p.p.m. and animals of group 3 and 7 were given the diet containing 200 ppm nimesulide at 12 weeks of age. All animals were killed at 50 weeks of age. The incidences of the glandular stomach tumors in the group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 87.5%(14/16), 76.4%(13/17), 44.4(8/18), 10.0%(1/10), respectively and the tumor incidence of group 3(MNU→Hp+nimesulide) was significantly lower than those of group 1(MNU→Hp) at the value of P<0.01. The average numbers of tumors of group 2(MNU→Hp+AG : 1.41±0.24) and group 3(MNU→Hp+nimesulide : 0.44±0.12) were significantly lower than those of group 1(MNU→Hp : 2.62±0.36) at the value of P<0.05. Therefore, overproduced iNOS and COX-2 plays an important role in mice gastric carcinogenesis. We concluded iNOS and COX-2 inhibitor have good effects on gastric carcinogenesis.

數學의 槪念形成을 爲한 敎授·學習模型의 硏究

姜慶愛,申澤均,金大洙 대구교육대학교 1975 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

This study is attempted to develope a better way of forming the concepts of mathematics in teaching and learning. A lot of basic concepts of mathematics have been mostly instructed in the primary school in such a way as verbal explanation. Therefore, no opportunity has ever been given to pupils for their logical, rational way of thinking. Some teaching-learning ways of concepts formation has been already expressed but no teaching-learning pattern as to what steps must be taken for their instruction has been yet found. This paper aims at developing such a pattern and helping the inservice teachers apply it for the improvement of mathematics education. The concepts to be instructed in the primary school are divided into three-objective, operative and relative. As they are considerd to be taught in different ways, the fellowing patterns are made. The objective concepts are to be instructed in such a way as ① pattern presentation, ② comprehension as a set, ③ concepts building, ④ definition of concepts ⑤ application; the operative concepts as ① motivation, ② comprehension as a set, ③ concepts building, ④ being made into notation, ⑤ training for skill, the relative concepts as ① case presentation, ② comprehension as a set, ③ concepts building, ④ being made into notation, ⑤ application. According to this, <prism> was actually instructed in the sixth grade of primary school for the understanding of objective concepts; <adding> in the first grade for operative concepts; <perpendiculum> in the fourth grade for relative concepts. The results showed easy and correct understanding as well as logical and rational thinking on the part of school boys and girls. The assumption that the process of forming the three patterns may be different was wrong and a general model was mode: model presentation→comprehension as a set→concepts building→being made into notation→application. All that is needed is that the teaching method of each step should be different.