재래한우의 보존을 위한 혈청 및 혈구단백질의 유전적 다형현상

한상기(S . K . Han),윤희섭(H . S . Yoon),정의룡(E . Y . Chung),신유철(Y . C . Shin),변희대(H . D . Byun) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Biochemical polymorphisms of five red cell and semen proteins, Hemoglobin(Hb), Transferrin(Tf), Post-transferrin 2(Ptf2), Post-albumin(Pa) and Albumin(Alb) as genetic markers in Korean cattle were analyzed by Starch and Polyacryamide gel electrophoresis and their phenotypes, genotypes and gene frequencies were estimated in order to analysis the genetic constitution of Korean native cattle population. In the Hemoglobin(Hb) locus four different phenotypes AA, AB, BB and CH were observed and assumed to be controlled by four different alleles designated Hb^A, Hb^B, Hb^C and Hb^H, and the Hb^H type was rare variant of Korean native cattle. The observed distribution of phenotypes were 73.37% for AA type, 23.37% for AB type. 2.72% for BB type and 0.54%r for CH type. Gene frequencies of Hb^A, Hb^B, Hb^C and Hb^H were 0.8505, 0.1440, 0.0027 and 0.0027. Semen Transfetrin(Tf) locus, 11 different phenotypes AA, AD₁, AD₂, AE, AH, D₁D₁, D₁D₂, D₁E, D₂H, D₂D₂, D₂E, EE and EH type were identified, which considered to be controlled by codominant alleles TF,^A Tf^D, Tf^D, Tf^E and Tf^H at a single locus. The frequencies of Tf genotypes AD₁, D₁E, D₁D₂, D₂E, AA, AE, D₁D₂, AD₂, D₁D₁, EE, AH, D₂H and EH were found to be 16.30, 13.33, 11.85, 10.37, 9.69, 8.15, 7.41, 9.63, 5.93, 4.44, 1.48, 0.74 and 0.01%, respectively. Gene frequencies of TF^A, Tf^(D1) Tf^(D2) and Tf^H were 0.2741, 0.2704, 0,2333, 0.2074 and 0.0148, respectively. And TfH gene were newly identified in Korean native cattle. Considering Post-transterrin 2 locus, three different phenotypess FF, FS and SS were identified, which considers to he controlled by two alleles Ptf^F and Ptf^S at a single autosomal locus. The frequencies of Rf genotypes FS, FF and SS were found to be 51.06. 36.88 and 12.06%n, respectively and gene frequencies of Ptf^F and Ptf^S were 0.6241 and 0.3759. In the Postalbumin(Pa) locus, three different phenotypes FF, FS and SS type were observed to be genetically controllled by Pa^F and Pa^S gene. And genotypes frequencies FS. FF amd SS type were 48.65, 36.(H and 1_5.32%, respectively. The gene frequencies of Pa^F and Pa^S were 0.6036 and 0.3964. The Albumin(Alb) locus were observed to lack any individual variation. Therefore, this locus were defined to be monomorphic. In comparison of genetic distance and dendogram calculated from the gene frequencies, close relationship was obtained between the Japanese cattle and the Korean cattle.

Feasibility of biohydrogen production from Gelidium amansii

Park, J.H.,Yoon, J.J.,Park, H.D.,Kim, Y.J.,Lim, D.J.,Kim, S.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2011 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.36 No.21

The feasibility of hydrogen production from red algae was investigated. Galactose, the main sugar monomer of red algae, was readily converted to hydrogen by dark fermentation. The maximum hydrogen production rate and yield of galactose were 2.46 L H<SUB>2</SUB>/g VSS/d and 2.03 mol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol galactose<SUB>added</SUB>, respectively, which were higher than those for glucose (0.914 L H<SUB>2</SUB>/g VSS/d and 1.48 mol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol galactose<SUB>added</SUB>). The distribution of soluble byproducts showed that H<SUB>2</SUB> production was the main pathway of galactose uptake. 5-HMF, the main byproduct of acid hydrolysis of red algae causes noncompetitive inhibition of H<SUB>2</SUB> fermentation. 1.37 g/L of 5-HMF decreased hydrogen production rate by 50% compared to the control. When red algae was hydrolyzed at 150 <SUP>o</SUP>C for 15 min and detoxified by activated carbon, 53.5 mL of H<SUB>2</SUB> was produced from 1 g of dry algae with a hydrogen production rate of 0.518 L H<SUB>2</SUB>/g VSS/d. Red algae, cultivable on vast tracts of sea by sunlight without any nitrogen-based fertilizer, could be a suitable substrate for biohydrogen production.

Exendin-4 induction of cyclin D1 expression in INS-1 beta-cells: involvement of cAMP-responsive element.

Kim, M-J,Kang, J-H,Park, Y G,Ryu, G R,Ko, S H,Jeong, I-K,Koh, K-H,Rhie, D-J,Yoon, S H,Hahn, S J,Kim, M-S,Jo, Y-H Journal of Endocrinology, Ltd. [etc.] 2006 The Journal of endocrinology Vol.188 No.3

<P>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analog exendin-4 (EX) have been considered as a growth factor implicated in pancreatic islet mass increase and beta-cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EX on cyclin D1 expression, a key regulator of the cell cycle, in the pancreatic beta-cell line INS-1. We demonstrated that EX significantly increased cyclin D1 mRNA and subsequently its protein levels. Although EX induced phosphorylation of Raf-1 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), both PD98059 and exogenous ERK1 had no effect on the cyclin D1 induction by EX. Instead, the cAMP-elevating agent forskolin induced cyclin D1 expression remarkably and this response was inhibited by pretreatment with H-89, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. Promoter analyses revealed that the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) site (at position -48; 5'-TAACGTCA-3') of cyclin D1 gene was required for both basal and EX-induced activation of the cyclin D1 promoter, which was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis study. For EX to activate the cyclin D1 promoter effectively, CRE-binding protein (CREB) should be phosphorylated and bound to the putative CRE site, according to the results of electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Lastly, a transfection assay employing constitutively active or dominant-negative CREB expression plasmids clearly demonstrated that CREB was largely involved in both basal and EX-induced cyclin D1 promoter activities. Taken together, EX-induced cyclin D1 expression is largely dependent on the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, and EX increases the level of phosphorylated CREB and more potently trans-activates cyclin D1 gene through binding of the CREB to the putative CRE site, implicating a potential mechanism underlying beta-cell proliferation by EX.</P>

Novel substrates of a ribose-5-phosphate isomerase from Clostridium thermocellum

Yoon, R.Y.,Yeom, S.J.,Kim, H.J.,Oh, D.K. Elsevier Science Publishers 2009 Journal of biotechnology Vol.139 No.1

A substrate specificity study of the recombinant D-ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RpiB) from Clostridium thermocellum was performed. Among all aldopentoses and aldohexoses, the RpiB enzyme displayed activity with L-talose, D-ribose, D-allose, L-allose, L-ribose, and D-talose in decreasing order. The products released were L-tagatose, D-ribulose, D-psicose, L-psicose, L-ribulose, and D-tagatose, respectively. The enzyme showed specificity for aldose substrates possessing hydroxyl groups oriented in the same direction at the C2, C3, and C4 positions. Molecular modeling of the enzyme suggests that the novel substrate specificity may be explained by substrate interactions with residues Tyr42, His98, and His9, which interact with the hydroxyl groups of C2, C3, and C4, respectively, oriented in the same direction. L-Talose and D-ribulose exhibited the highest activity among the aldoses and ketoses, respectively. Ribose 5-phosphate isomerase catalyzed the conversion of L-talose to L-tagatose with an 89% conversion yield after approximately 90min, while D-ribulose was converted to D-ribose with a 38% conversion yield.

Highly Polymorphic Bovine Leptin Gene

Yoon, D.H.,Cho, B.H.,Park, B.L.,Choi, Y.H.,Cheong, H.S.,Lee, H.K.,Chung, E.R.,Cheong, I.C.,Shin, H.D. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.11

The leptin, an anti-obesity protein, is a hormone protein expressed and secreted mainly from adipocyte tissue, and involved in regulation of body weight, food intake and energy metabolism. In an effort to discover polymorphism(s) in genes whose variant(s) might be implicated in phenotypic traits of growth, we have sequenced exons and their boundaries of leptin gene including 1,000 bp upstream of promoter region with twenty-four unrelated Korean cattle. Fifty-seven sequence variants were identified: fourteen in 5' flanking region, twenty-seven in introns, eight in exons, and eight in 3' flanking region. By pair-wise linkage analysis among polymorphisms, ten sets of SNPs were in absolute linkage disequilibrium (LD) (|D'| = 1 and $r^2$ = 1). Among variants identified, thirty-six SNPs were newly identified, and twenty-one SNPs, which were reported in other breeds, were also confirmed in Korean cattle. The allele frequencies of variants were quite different among breeds. The information from SNPs of bovine leptin gene could be useful for further genetic studies of this gene.

X-ray and electron microscopy studies on the biodistribution and biomodification of iron oxide nanoparticles in Daphnia magna

Kwon, D.,Nho, H.W.,Yoon, T.H. Elsevier 2014 Colloids and surfaces Biointerfaces Vol.122 No.-

Biodistribution and biomodification of iron oxide (Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and α-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) nanoparticles (NPs) in a well-known toxicity test organism, Daphnia magna (D. magna), were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM). In addition to the morphological changes in the gut tissues of D. magna, biodistribution and biomodification of iron oxide NPs in the digestive tract of D. magna were also monitored in this study. Upon exposures to both iron oxide NPs, unique morphological changes (e.g., irregular shaped microvilli, epithelial cell protrusion, and dilatation of cytoplasmic inclusion) in the gut tissues of D. magna were observed along with bacterial colonization of the gut lumen. However, despite their heavy accumulations in the digesitive tract, TEM and STXM images confirmed us that both Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> and α-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> NPs were not penetrating into the gut tissues of D. magna. Moreover, for the Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs in direct contact with the gut microvilli of D. magna, slight but significant spectral changes were observed in their Fe L-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra, which indicated that there were biomodifications of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs, probably involving oxidative dissolution of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs followed by rapid precipitation of ferric oxide or hydroxide. However, no significant changes were observed in the Fe L-edge XANES spectra of the α-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> NPs present in the gut lumen of D. magna. These X-ray and electron microscopic observations confirmed us that, despite similarities in core sizes and chemical compositions, NPs with different crystalline phase and dissolution rates can interact quite differently with their local environment, may result in different biodistribution and cause completely dissimilar toxicities.

Enhanced ammonia dehydrogenation over Ru/La(x)-Al₂O₃ (x=0-50 mol%): Structural and electronic effects of La doping

Chung, D.B.,Kim, H.Y.,Jeon, M.,Lee, D.H.,Park, H.S.,Choi, S.H.,Nam, S.W.,Jang, S.C.,Park, J.H.,Lee, K.Y.,Yoon, C.W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.3

<P>Ru (1.0 wt% loaded)-based catalysts supported on La(x)-Al2O3 (x = 0,1, 5,10, and 50 mol%) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The as-prepared La(x)-Al2O3 materials were found to have increased amounts of the LaAlO3 phase as the La doping level (x) increased from 0 to 50 mol%. In addition to metal-to support interactions between Ru and Al2O3, the newly formed LaAlO3 phase in the Ru catalysts was proposed to interact strongly with Ru active sites based on the XRD, H-2-TPR and XPS results. The Ru/La(x)-Al2O3 catalysts were active for the dehydrogenation of ammonia, and among them, the Ru/La(10)-Al2O3 and Ru/La(50)-Al2O3 (or Ru/LaAlO3) catalysts exhibited superior performance with >96% conversions of ammonia at 550 degrees C. When an increased Ru content (2.0 wt%) was impregnated onto La(10)-Al2O3, the dehydrogenation activity was significantly improved with nearly 100% conversion (>95%) of ammonia at 500 degrees C. This catalyst further displayed an enhanced thermal stability towards ammonia decomposition with the GHSV(NH3) of 10,000 mL/g(cat)h at 550 degrees C for >120 h. The incorporated element La is thought to play an important role in enhancing metal-support interaction, ultimately facilitating ammonia dehydrogenation even at low temperatures. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Pharmacokinetics of prothionamide in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Lee, H W,Kim, D W,Park, J H,Kim, S-D,Lim, M-S,Phapale, P B,Kim, E-H,Park, S K,Yoon, Y-R The Union 2009 The international journal of tuberculosis and lung Vol.13 No.9

<P>SETTING: National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital, Masan, South Korea. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of prothionamide (PTH) in South Korean patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and to investigate whether differences in body mass index (BMI) could explain observed differences in PTH disposition. DESIGN: Seventeen patients participated in the study; all had MDR-TB and had received combination anti-tuberculosis treatment, including PTH, cycloserine, ofloxacin, para-aminosalicylic acid and streptomycin or kanamycin, for at least 2 weeks. The patients were divided into two groups based on BMI: Group A (18.5 < or = BMI<23), and Group B (BMI<18.5). Serum samples were collected over 24 h, and the plasma PTH concentration was determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography assay. RESULTS: After steady-state administration of PTH, the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12h)) was 11.0 +/- 3.7 microg h/ml. The mean T(max) and t(1/2) were respectively 3.6 h and 2.7 h. No significant difference in PTH disposition was observed between groups A and B, except for ke and t(1/2). CONCLUSION: In the pharmacokinetic parameter estimates for PTH in MDR-TB patients during routine treatment, the pharmacokinetics of PTH did not appear to correlate with extent of emaciation in MDR-TB patients.</P>

한우 경제형질에 미치는 Mitochondrial DNA D-loop 영역의 염기서열 변이효과

오재돈,윤두학,공홍식,임현진,이학교,조병욱,홍기창,전광주 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.6

This study was performed to analyse the sequences of variations of mtDNA D-loop and their effects on carcass traits in Hnawoo(Korean cattle). The resulting sequences were compared with perviously published sequences for other cattle breeds(GenBank J01394). The PCR was used to amplify a total of 964 bp between nucleotide 15758 and 383 within D-loop region of mtDNA using specific primers. Twenty five polymorphic sites by nucleotide substitution were found in mtDNA of Hanwoo. The frequencies of positions at 169, 16042, 16093. 16119, 16255 and 16302 nt with high levels of sequence polymorphism were 0.891, 0.117, 0.109, 0.182, 0.197 and 0.117, respectively. The substitution effect at 169 and 16119 nt was found significant on marbling score. Also substitution effect at 169 and 16042 nt was highly significant(p<0.01) on backfat, thickness. Polymorphisrn of mtDNA sequence in D-loop region could be useful for the analysis of cytoplasmic genetic variation and associations with the other economically important traits and maternal lineage analysis in Hanwoo.

Ahnak functions as a tumor suppressor via modulation of TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway

Lee, I H,Sohn, M,Lim, H J,Yoon, S,Oh, H,Shin, S,Shin, J H,Oh, S-H,Kim, J,Lee, D K,Noh, D Y,Bae, D S,Seong, J K,Bae, Y S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 Oncogene Vol.33 No.38

We provide detailed mechanisms of Ahnak-mediated potentiation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling, which leads to a negative regulation of cell growth. We show that Smad3 interacts with Ahnak through MH2 domain and that Ahnak stimulates Smad3 localization into nucleus leading to potentiating TGFβ-induced transcriptional activity of R-Smad. Moreover, overexpression of Ahnak resulted in growth retardation and cell cycle arrest through downregulation of c-Myc and cyclin D1/D2. We describe results from analyses of Ahnak<SUP>−/−</SUP> mouse model expressing middle T antigen in a mammary gland-specific manner (MMTV<SUP>Tg/+</SUP>Ahnak<SUP>−/−</SUP>), which showed significantly progressed hyperplasia of mammary glands compared with MMTV<SUP>Tg/+</SUP>Ahnak<SUP>+/+</SUP>. Finally, we screened multiple human breast cancer tissues and showed that the expression of Ahnak in cancer tissues is lower than that in control tissues by 50%. Taken together, these data indicate that Ahnak mediates a negative regulation of cell growth and acts as novel tumor suppressor through potentiation of TGFβ signaling.