http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Reza, A. M.,Shiwani, S.,Singh, N. K.,Lohakare, J. D.,Lee, S. J.,Jeong, D. K.,Han, J. Y.,Rengaraj, D.,Lee, B. W. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 In vitro cellular & developmental biology Animal Vol.50 No.3
The study was conducted to know and investigate the mechanism involved during mesenchymal to epithelial transition to unravel questions related to mammary gland development in prepubertal Korean black goat. We, therefore, biopsied mammary fat pad and isolated adipose cells and characterized with stemness factors (CD34, CD13, CD44, CD106, and vimentin) immunologically and through their genetic expression. Furthermore, characterized cells were differentiated to adipogenic (thiazolidinediones and alpha-linolenic acid) and epithelial (keratinocyte growth factor) lineages. Thiazolidinediones/or in combination with alpha-linolenic acid demonstrated significant upregulation of adipo-Q, PPAR-gamma, CEBP-alpha, LPL, and resistin. Adipose stem cells in induction mixture (5 mu g/ml insulin, 1 mu g/ml hydrocortisone, and 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor) and subsequent treatment with 10 ng/ml keratinocyte growth factor revealed their trans-differentiating ability to epithelial lineage. From 2 d onwards, the cells under keratinocyte growth factor influenced cells to assume rectangular (2-4 d) to cuboidal (8-10 d) shapes. Ayoub-Shklar stain developed brownish-red pigment in the transformed cells. Though, expressions of K8 and K18 were noted to be highly significant (p < 0.01) but expressions of epithelial membrane antigens and epithelial specific antigens were also significant (p < 0.05) compared to 0 d. Conclusively, epithelial transformations of mammary adipose stem cells would add up knowledge to develop therapeutic regimen to deal with mammary tissue injury and diseases.
Singh, J.P.,Gautam, S.,Srivastava, R.C.,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D.,Chae, K.H. Academic Press 2015 Superlattices and microstructures Vol.86 No.-
Present work investigates the crossover from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism as a function of crystallite size in zinc ferrite nanoparticles using near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Synthesized paramagnetic and superparamagnetic nanoparticles exhibit presence of Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions with dominant concentration of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. Fe L- and O K-edges spectra of paramagnetic nanoparticles consist of more intense spectral features compared to that of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This reflects enhanced t<SUB>2g</SUB> and e<SUB>g</SUB> symmetry states of Fe-O hybridized states in paramagnetic nanoparticles induced by increased degree of crystallization.
Singh, Ravindra,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Premalatha, V.,Mondal, Sipra,Kariappa, B.K.,Jayaswal, K.P.,Datta, R.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.2 No.2
Data from an experiment involving six polyvoltine and three bivoltine silkworm breeds have been analysed to know the level of hybrid rigour and cocoon shape variation in Fl hybrids among silkworm breeds with lows medium and high cocoon weight. Results indicated significantly positive heterosis for several quantitative characters with maximum total heterosis over mid parent value in hybrids between low and medium followed by low and low, medium and medium, low and high and high and low cocoon-weighed breeds, respectively. Study on cocoon shape measurement revelled that among Fl hybrids, cocoons of the three combinations such as GNP ${\times}$ CSR2, GNP ${\times}$ J2 and PM ${\times}$ NB4 D2 were comparatively uniform in their cocoon shape. Importance of this study to know the level of heterosis and cocoon shape variability in different silkworm crosses hale been discussed.
Singh, Ravindra,Jayaswal, K.P.,Rao, D.Raghavedra,Kariappa, B.K.,Premalatha, V. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.4 No.2
Induction of non-diapause eggs and manifestation of quantitative characters were studied in different seasons by low temperature incubation of eggs of a low yielding diapause with coloured cocoons silkworm breed, RDI of Bombyx mori. Hundred percent of nandiapause eggs were induced when the egg incubation was carried out at 15$^{\circ}C$ followed by incubation initially at $25^{\circ}C$ and then at $15^{\circ}C$. The diapause-nondia-pause relation was found to be reversible. Analysis of variance study demonstrated significant variation in all the quantitative characters whereas significant variation due to different incubation treatments was observed for larval span, fifth instar larval span, cocoon yield/10,000 larvae by weight, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon shell ratio. study on hybrid vigour skewed significant heterosis over mid parent value for four economic characters viz., cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length in a Fl hybrid between RD1 with diapause eggs and Japanese type bivoltine $NB_{4} D_{2}$.
Singh Y. T.,Patra P. K.,Obodo K. O.,Rai D. P. 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.2
We investigated the electronic and mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with different tube diameters using density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, respectively. The carbon nanotubes’ electronic properties were derived from the index number (n1 , n2 ), lattice vectors, and the rolled graphene sheet orientation. For (6,1) SWCNT, (n1 -n2 )/3 is non-integer, so the expected characteristic is semiconducting. We have considered (6,1) Chiral SWCNT with different diameters ‘d’ (4.68 Å, 4.90 Å, 5.14 Å, 5.32 Å, 5.53 Å) corresponds to respective bond lengths ‘δ ’ (1.32 Å, 1.38 Å, 1.45 Å, 1.50 Å and 1.56 Å) and then analyze the electronic properties from the Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) based on DFT. We have used both the DFT-1/2 and GGA exchange energy correlation approximations for our calculation and compared the results. In both cases, the energy bandgap is decreasing order with the increase in bond lengths. The lowest value of formation energy was obtained at the bond length δ=1.45 Å (d=5.14 Å). For the mechanical properties, we have calculated Young’s modulus using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. From our calculation, we have found that the (6,1) SWCNT with bond length 1.45 Å (d=5.14 Å) has Young’s modulus value of 1.553 TPa.
Singh, G.P.,Roy, D.K.,Sahay, Alok,Suryanarayana, N. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2006 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.13 No.2
The efficacy of wood ash from Terminalia arjuna (arjun) and T. tomentosa (asan) has been tested against virosis of tasar silkworm, Antheraea. mylitta D. The Polyhedral Occlusion Bodies (POBs) of Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus of A. mylitta (AmCPV) were exposed to the aqueous solution (0.5 to 4%) of wood ash for 5 to 30 minutes. The treated suspension of POBs was orally inoculated once to tasar silkworm larvae after 24 hours of $1^{st}$ moult, and larvae reared in indoor on arjun leaves till spinning. The application of aqueous solution of wood ash has established its potential as antiviral agent against cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus. Two percent aqueous solution of wood ash from arjun and asan dissolved the Polyhedral Occlusion Bodies (POBs) of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of tasar silkworm and inactivated the virions within a short period of 20 to 30 minutes. In vivo efficacy of aqueous solution of wood ash resulted in reduction of larval mortality due to virosis. The mortality was reduced to $2.56{\pm}0.21\;and\;3.03{\pm}0.32%$ when treatment of 2.0% solution of wood ash of arjun and asan respectively were applied for 20 minutes, compared to inoculated control $(92.18{\pm}7.52%)$. No mortality was recorded when treatment of 2.5% solution of wood ash of arjun and asan were applied for 10 minutes or more.
Singh G. P.,Sahay Alok,Roy D. K.,Sahay D. N. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.1
Bleaching powder solution (1 to $5\%$), slaked lime solution (0.1 to $0.5\%$) and formalin (1 and $2\%$) were tested for their efficacy against cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and Nosema mylittansis spores to control virosis and pebrine respectively in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta in indoor rearing condition. All the disinfectants tested were found effective in suppressing the infection of virosis and pebrine significantly. Complete inactivation of Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (AmCPV) was recorded when treated with $4\%$ bleaching powder, $0.4\%$ slaked lime for 20 min and $2.0\%$ formalin for 30 min. Similarly treatments of $3.0\%$ bleaching powder solution for 20 min and $2.0\%$ formalin for 30 min were found effective in complete inactivation of N. mylittanis spores.
Singh, Jitendra Pal,Kaur, Baljeet,Sharma, Aditya,Kim, So Hee,Gautam, Sanjeev,Srivastava, Ramesh Chandra,Goyal, Navdeep,Lim, Weol Cheol,Lin, H.-J.,Chen, J. M.,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D.,Won, Sung Ok,Lee, The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol.20 No.17
<P>The interactions of energetic ions with multi-cation compounds and their consequences in terms of changes in the local electronic structure, which may facilitate intriguing hybridization between O 2p and metal d orbitals and magnetic ordering, are the subject of debate and require a deep understanding of energy transfer processes and magnetic exchange mechanisms. In this study, nanocrystals of ZnFe2O4 were exposed to O<SUP>7+</SUP> ions with an energy of 100 MeV to understand, qualitatively and quantitatively, the metal-ligand field interactions, cation migration and magnetic exchange interactions by employing X-ray absorption fine structure measurements and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism to get deeper mechanistic insights. Nanosized zinc ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) with a size of ∼16 nm synthesized in the cubic spinel phase exhibited deterioration of the crystalline phase when 100 MeV O<SUP>7+</SUP> ions passed through them. However, the size of these NPs remained almost the same. The behaviour of crystal deterioration is associated with the confinement of heat in this interaction. The energy confined inside the nanoparticles promotes cation redistribution as well as the modification of the local electronic structure. Prior to this interaction, almost 42% of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions occupied AO4 tetrahedra; however, this value increased to 63% after the interaction. An inverse effect was observed for metal ion occupancies in BO6 octahedra. The L-edge spectra of Fe and Zn reveal that the spin and valence states of the metal ions were not affected by this interaction. This effect is also supported by K-edge measurements for Fe and Zn. The t2g/eg intensity ratio in the O K-edge spectra decreased after this interaction, which is associated with detachment of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions from the lattice. The extent of hybridization, as estimated from the ratio of the post-edge to the pre-edge region of the O K-edge spectra, decreased after this interaction. The metal-oxygen and metal-metal bond lengths were modified as a result of this interaction, as determined from extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. These measurements further support the observation of cation migration from AO4 tetrahedra to AO6 octahedra and <I>vice versa</I>. The Fe L-edge magnetic circular dichroism spectra indicate that Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions occupying sites in AO4 tetrahedra and BO6 octahedra exhibited antiferromagnetic-like ordering prior to this interaction. The NPs that interacted with energetic O ions displayed a different kind of magnetic ordering.</P>
Lim, D.K.,Jeon, S.Y.,Singh, B.,Park, J.Y.,Song, S.J. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.610 No.-
Perovskite-type oxide BaCe<SUB>0.65</SUB>Zr<SUB>0.2</SUB>Y<SUB>0.15</SUB>O<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (BCZY2015) was synthesized by a solid state reaction method. BCZY2015 samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The time dependent variation in electrical conductivity of BCZY2015 was monitored during the oxidation/reduction in oxygen partial pressure (pO<SUB>2</SUB>) range of -2.28≤log(pO<SUB>2</SUB>/atm)≤-0.68 at a fixed water vapor pressure (pH<SUB>2</SUB>O), and during the hydration/dehydration in -3.15≤log(pH<SUB>2</SUB>O/atm)≤-2.35 range in air. The electrical conductivity showed a monotonic relaxation behavior by the ambipolar diffusion of V<SUB>o</SUB><SUP>??</SUP> and OH<SUB>o</SUB><SUP>?</SUP> during the oxidation/reduction and the relaxation process was governed by the diffusivity of oxygen (D@?<SUB>vO</SUB>). On the other hand, during the hydration/dehydration process, a non-monotonic twofold relaxation behavior was observed due to the decoupled diffusion of H and O components with the mediation of holes, and the conductivity relaxation process was governed by the diffusivities of both H (D@?<SUB>iH</SUB>) and O (D@?<SUB>vH</SUB>). The values of surface exchange coefficients and diffusivities of oxygen and hydrogen were calculated from Fick's second law by the nonlinear least squares fitting of the conductivity data, as proposed by Yoo et al. (2008).