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具千書 단국대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.-
This study is a portion of a general study which tried to summarize grobal food patterns under different conditions. Study started in 1964 and is still going on. So far 33 different countries were visited and international statistical data were analysed. Assumptions were given as follow : human(Homo-sapiens) have been adapting themselves as their sarrounding condition changes. However, on this portion of study, economic factor is emphasized as one given factor which may(or may not) effect food patterns and food ways. On the course of the development of human civilization, it was observed that the food patterns and food ways changed about 5 times(5 stages). The characteristics of first stage are : It started when human appeared, and ended at the time when agriculture started, on the grobal bases. During this stage, they tried to balance their number of population with the availability of food. However, such groups as Bushman, Pigmies and Aborigins, still maintaines this stage. It is believed that 2nd stage started arround 8,000 years ago, on the furtile cresent which complices Tigris and Euphrates-river. And in Korea, it may be arround B.C. 3,000 and may be ended arround 1965. This is an era when people periodically starved and common people generally periled during this period. Third stage started after 2nd stage and ended in arround 1978, in Korea. During this period, food situation had been greatly eased and one started to change their in-take of grain from barley or sorghum to rice. On the 4th Stage(1978∼1990), in-take of rice per capita declined and instead in-take of the meet, pork and chicken etc. where increased. During the final stage(5th stage) one gradually takes less(especially meat, sugar etc.) food on the everyday life and spend more time and attention on the health care. Generally, transformation of stage to stages at one country are quite time consuming phenomena, however, transformation from 2nd stage to 5th stage occured withen less then 30 years in Korea. It is observed that the social norms of a general persons in a certain stage are similar, however, it has a general tendency not to change according to social change. Social norms between young and old are quite different even though they belong to a same family, in Korea.
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李正行,具千書,蔡濟天 단국대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
This work was carried out to investigate the changes in cropping systems and the factors influencing it during past 20 years from 1960 to 1980 at central Korea. 12 villages were selected as sample location based on the analysis of agricultural census, then the on-the-spot survey was carried out. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The barley in double paddy was planted over 50 percent of the paddy field at 1960's, on the other hand, it was decreased below 10 percent at 1980's. 2. The simple cropping system of barley-legume formed 70∼80 percent of total upland area at 1960's, but the various cropping patterns including such cash crops as vegetables and industrial crops were developed at 1980's. 3. The major factors influencing the change of cropping system were earnings, natural conditions of location and rural extension, whereas, the minor factors were release of new variety, cultural technique, markets, labor power and activities of farm leaders. 4. It was considered that the cropping system was influenced greatly by the natural conditions such as climate and soil conditions in case of the same technical, economical and social circumstances.
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李正行,蔡濟天,具千書 단국대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
This work was conducted to investigate the changes in cultivated crops during past 20years in central region of Korea. The results were summarized as follows; In 1960's, 91∼92% of arable land was planted for cereal food crops, 4.5∼5.5% for vegetables and 2.4∼4.3% for potatoes, respectively. In 1980's, however, the acreage of cereal food crops was decreased dramatically, on the contrally, the acreage of vegetables and industrial crops were increased considerably. The acreage of barley, wheat, millet, soybean, azuki bean and sweet potato were reduced greatly, whereas rice was increased everywhere, and such cash crops as white potato, sesame, tobacco, vegetables and fruit trees were increased at most of the area during past 20years.
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