응급실에 내원한 약물중독환자의 지역별 비교분석

임근우,박일영,유승진,나병호,오동렬,전해명,황주일,김세경 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

We reviewed retrospectively 230 patients who came to emergency room of Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital and Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital between 1. January and 31. December 1994. We classified them according to their age, sex, a sort of drug, the cause of poisoning, prehospital care, time-lapse to arrive at hospital after poisoning, psychiatric problem the status of patients. *We conclude as follows; 1. The male to female ratio was totally 1 : 1.98, 1 : 1.24 in a urban area, 1 : 2.43 in a rural area. 2. On age of the patients in this study, the peake incidence was between 20 and 39(55.2%). 3. On seasonal prevalence, the poisoning was most common in summer and spring, in urban area(35.7%) and rural area(37.0%) respectively. 4. The common drug were as follow; Doxylamine, Organophosphate, Acetaminophen in urban area, Paraquat, Organophospate, Doxylamine in rural area 5. The percentage of suicidal attempt were 81.8% and 87.7% in urban area and rural area respectively. 6. The poisoning patients had psychatric problem in 19.4% and 24.6%, in urban area and rural area respectively. 7. Before arrival to emergency room, 27.7% of patient was done prehospital care in rural area. 8. On arrival to emergency room, 95.1% and 73.8% of patients show stable vital sign in urban area and rural area respectively.

초임계유체와 염을 이용한 에탄올농축에 관한 연구(1) : CO2 - C2H5OH 계와 CO2 - H2O 계의 고압기액평형 High Pressure Vapor - Liquid Equilibria for Co2 - C2H5OH and CO2 - H2O Systems

전해수,이윤용,김재덕,임종성,조정식,박선근 한국화학공학회 1991 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.29 No.1

기상과 액상 모두를 계속해서 순환시키는 상평형실험장치(circulation type)를 이용하여, CO₂-C₂H_5OH계에 대한 고압기액상평형실험을 313.2 K, 323.2 K, 333.2 K에서 압력 (약 5 ㎫-혼합물의 임계압력부근)을 변화시키면서 수행하였다. 각각의 온도에 대한 혼합물의 임계압력은 8.1㎫, 9.3㎫, 10.6㎫ 정도로서 온도가 증가할수록 혼합물의 임계압력이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또 CO₂-C₂H_5OH 및 CO₂-H₂O계의 고압상평형자료를 Adachi와 Sugie의 혼합법칙을 사용한 Patel-Teja의 3차상태방정식에 적용하여 상관시켜 본 결과 만족할 만한 상관결과를 얻었다. High pressure vapor-liquid equilibria for CO₂-C₂H_5OH system were measured at three temperatures of 313.2 K, 323.2 K and 333.2 K using a circulation type of apparatus in which both vapor and liquid phase were continuously recirculated over a pressure range from ca. 5 ㎫ up to near mixture critical point. The critical pressures of the mixtures were about 8.1 ㎫, 9.3 ㎫ and 10.6 ㎫ at the three temperatures, respectively. This result shows that the temperature increases with the critical pressure of the mixture. The high pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium data for CO₂-C₂H_5OH and CO₂-H₂O systems were satisfactorily correlated by applying the Patel-Teja equation of state with the Adachi-Sugie mixing rule.

Suppression of Meloidogyne incognita in Lettuce and Oriental Melon by Pasteuria penetrans KW1

Lim, Chun-Keun,Yu, Yong-Man,Cho, Myoung-Rea,Zhu, Yong-Zhe,Park, Duck-Hwan,Hur, Jang-Hyun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2003 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.19 No.3

Pasteuria penetrans KW1 (PP), parasitic bacterium of nematode, was isolated from oriental melon greenhouse soil in Korea and evaluated for the suppression effect on the reproduction of southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (MI), in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Chungchima) and oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Eunchun). Pot experiments were conducted by planting the lettuce seedlings in medium inoculated with 5,000 MI juveniles/pot (J), J +100,000 PP endospores/l g medium, and J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium. After 11 weeks of plantation, number of root galls in J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium was decreased to 92/root (38.9%, control effect), compared to the J of 150/root. In the second plantation of lettuce in the same pots, the numbers of root gall were significantly decreased in PP treated pots with 75 (77.2%, control effect) and 150/root (54.4%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J +100,000 PP endospores/1 g medium, respectively, compared to the J of 330/root when harvested at 10 weeks after planting. In oriental melon, root gall percentages were 32.1 (60.2%, control effect) and 52.9% (34.5%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J + 1(10,000 endospores/l g medium which were significantly lower than that of 80.7% in J.

Self-patterning Technique of Photosensitive La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃ Electrode on Ferroelectric Sr_0.9Bi_2.1Ta₂O₉ Thin Films

Lim, Jong-Chun,Lim, Tae-Young,Auh, Keun-Ho,Park, Won-Kyu,Kim, Byong-Ho The Korean Ceramic Society 2004 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.41 No.1

$La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CoO_3$ (LSCO) electrodes were prepared on ferroelectric $Sr_{0.9}Bi_{2.1}Ta_2O_9$(SBT) thin films by spin coating method using photosensitive sol-gel solution. Self-patterning technique of photosensitive sol-gel solution has advantages such as simple manufacturing process compared to photoresist/dry etching process. Lanthanum(III) 2-methoxyethoxide, Stronitium diethoxide. Cobalu(II)2-methoxyethoxide were used as starting materials for LSCO electrode. UV irradiation on LSCO thin films lead to decrease solubility by M-O-M bond formation and the solubility difference allows us to obtain self-patternine. There was little composition change of the LSCO thin films between before leaching and after leaching in 2-methoxyethanol. The lowest resistivity of LSCO thin films deposited on $SiO_2$/Si substrate was $1.1{\times}10^{-2}{\Omega}cm$ when the thin film was ennealed at $740^{\circ}C$. The values of Pr/Ps and 2Pr of LSCO/SBT/Pt capacitor on the applied voltage of 5V were 0.51, 8.89 ${\mu}C/cm^2$, respectively.

Characterization of Streptomyces Species Causing Potato Scab in Korea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Pathogenicity

Lim, Chun-Keun,Park, Duck-Hwan,Kim, Jeom-Soon,Cho, Jun-Mo,Kwon, Soon-Wo,Hur, Jang-Hyun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2003 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.19 No.1

From 1996 to 1999, potato-growing areas in Korea were surveyed for identification and distribution of potato scab pathogens. Potato scab was widely distributed in the mass cultivation areas, especially in Jriu island, southern areas of Chonnam and Gyounggi provinces, and the alpine area of Gangwon province. Jeju island was the most affected area by this disease. A total of 55 Streptomyces strains were isolated from potato scab lesions, among which 40 strains were pathogenic on progeny tubers. Among the pathogenic strain, 21 strains were identified as previously described S. scabies, 7 Strains as S. turgidiscabies, and 5 Strains as S. acidiscabies, while 7 strains were observed as having distinct phenotypic properties. These strains were classified into six distinct clusters based on phenotypic characteristics and selected representative strains for each cluster. S. scabies (S33) had grey spores in a spiral chain. Mean-while, S. turgidiscabies (S27) had grey spores, S. acidiscabies (S71) had white spores, S. luridiscabiei (S63) had yellow-white spores, S. puniciscabiei (S77) had purple-red spores, and S. niveiscabiei (S78) had thin and compact white spores, all in a rectiflexuous chain. Pathogenicity was determined by the production of thaxtomin A and homologs of necl and ORFtnp genes. In TLC, representative strains S27, S71, S63, S77, and S78 produced a yellow band that co-migrated with the authentic thaxtomin A. However, thaxtomin A was not detected in chloroform extracts from oatmeal broth culture and Slice tuber tissue of S. luridiscabiei (S63) and S. puniciscabiei (S77) by HPLC analysis. In addition, no homologs of necl and ORFtnp genes in S. acidiscabies (S71), S. luridiscabiei (S63), S. puniciscabiei (S77), and S. niveiscabiei (S78) were detected by PCR and Southern hybridization analysis.

세균성 무름병균 ( Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora ) 에 대한 Streptomyces species 길항작용

임춘근(Chun Keun Lim),조용섭(Yong Sup Cho) 강원대학교 농업과학연구소 1993 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.5 No.-

Classification of Korean Green Tea Products Based on Chemical Components

Chun Jong Un,Choi Jeong,Lim Keun-Cheol,Kim Yong-Gul The Korean Society of Crop Science 2004 Korean journal of crop science Vol.49 No.4

The prices of domestic green tea products are relatively expensive and price differences within products of the same levels of quality are various. Also, there is no basic criteria on evaluation of green tea quality. To group 43 commercial green tea products into several parts by the principal component and cluster analyses, this work was done by use of 8 chemical constituents which were analyzed by NIR system. The principal component and cluster analyses revealed 8 groups. The first group included 16 products that had lower free amino acid and theanine contents. The second group included 5 products having higher free amino acid and theanine contents, but lower ash contents. The third group included 13 products showing medium values of 8 constituents. The IV group included 4 products having higher contents of moisture, free amino acids, and theanine. The V group included 1 product showing higher moisture but lower catechins contents. The VI group included 2 products that had higher moisture and catechins contents, but lower free amino acid and theanine contents. The VII group had higher moisture and catechins contents. The VIII group had higher ash and vitamin C contents. The free amino acid contents which were the most important in flavor evaluation of green tea quality did highly positively correlate with the contents of total nitrogen $(0.956^{**}),\;theanine\;(0.981^{**}),\;and\;caffeine\;(0.793^{**})$, but negatively with the contents of ash $(-0.884^{**})$. The catechins used as for functional ingredients did correlate with contents of caffeine(+) and vitamin C(-), respectively.

Photodetachment of aryl moieties from covalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes by UV laser irradiation

Lim, Jong Kuk,Yoo, Bum Keun,Yi, Whikun,Hong, Seunghun,Paik, Hyun-jong,Chun, Keunho,Kim, Seong Keun,Joo, Sang-Woo Royal Society of Chemistry 2006 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.16 No.24

<P>Photodetachment of aryl moieties from covalently functionalized SWNTs was studied by temperature-dependent and UV Raman spectroscopic tools. The sidewall functionalized SWNTs were prepared <I>via</I> diazonium reactions from 4-bromoaniline and isoamyl nitrite. <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> conductivity measurements were performed for the functionalized SWNTs, after purification from pristine SWNTs using their different solubility. Temperature dependent Raman data appeared to be in line with thermal gravimetric (TGA) data exhibiting removal of aryl moieties above 590 °C. Raman spectra of the functionalized SWNTs were examined using ultraviolet excitation at 244 nm (5.08 eV) and 325 nm (4.82 eV) as well as visible irradiation at 633 nm (1.96 eV). Our experimental results indicated that the disorder-induced D mode should change significantly, whereas the tangential G modes do not become different under UV irradiation. The D mode for the functionalized SWNTs was found weakly at ∼1410 cm<SUP>−1</SUP> at a low power of UV irradiation, whereas it was observed strongly at ∼1310 cm<SUP>−1</SUP> upon 633 nm irradiation. The attached aryl moieties appeared to be removed by UV irradiation as indicated from almost identical spectra with those of pristine SWNTs.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Photodetachment of aryl moieties from covalently functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes by UV laser irradiation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b602165d'> </P>

Ammonium Fluoride Mediated Synthesis of Anhydrous Metal Fluoride–Mesoporous Carbon Nanocomposites for High-Performance Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes

Chun, Jinyoung,Jo, Changshin,Sahgong, Sunhye,Kim, Min Gyu,Lim, Eunho,Kim, Dong Hyeon,Hwang, Jongkook,Kang, Eunae,Ryu, Keun Ah,Jung, Yoon Seok,Kim, Youngsik,Lee, Jinwoo American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.51

<P>Metal fluorides (MFx) are one of the most attractive cathode candidates for Li ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high conversion potentials with large capacities. However, only a limited number of synthetic methods, generally involving highly toxic or inaccessible reagents, currently exist, which has made it difficult to produce well-designed nanostructures suitable for cathodes; consequently, harnessing their potential cathodic properties has been a challenge. Herein, we report a new bottom-up synthetic method utilizing ammonium fluoride (NH4F) for the preparation of anhydrous MFx (CuF2, FeF3, and CoF2)/mesoporous carbon (MSU-F-C) nanocomposites, whereby a series of metal precursor nanoparticles preconfined in mesoporous carbon were readily converted to anhydrous MFx through simple heat treatment with NH4F under solventless conditions. We demonstrate the versatility, lower toxicity, and efficiency of this synthetic method and, using XRD analysis, propose a mechanism for the reaction. All MFx/MSU-F-C prepared in this study exhibited superior electrochemical performances, through conversion reactions, as the cathode for LIBs. In particular, FeF3/MSU-F-C maintained a capacity of 650 mAh g(FeF3)(-1) across 50 cycles, which is similar to 90% of its initial capacity. We expect that this facile synthesis method will trigger further research into the development of various nanostructured MFx for use in energy storage and other applications.</P>

관상동맥질환의 중증도와 혈중지질치 및 아포지단백과의 상관관계

임현주,황종현,류재근,정병천,조용근,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1997 慶北醫大誌 Vol.38 No.1

목적 : 관상동맥질환의 위험인자로서 혈청지질 및 혈장 지단백에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있고 또 아포지단백이 관상동맥 질환을 일으키는데 다른 지질보다 더 중요하다는 연구가 많이 발표되고 있으나 우리나라에서는 아포지단백에 대한 연구가 그리 많지 않은 편이다. 이에 저자등은 혈중지질치와 새로운 위험인자로 알려지고 있는 아포지단백치를 측정하고 이들과 관상동맥질환 중증도와의 상관 관계를 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법 : 관상동맥질환이 의심되어 관상동맥조영술을 실시한 69명의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 12시간 이상 공복후 혈청을 채취하여 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL-콜레스테롤, 아포지단백 AI (ape AI), 아포지단백 B (ape B)를 측정하였다. 관상동맥조영상 50%이상의 협착이 있는 혈관의 수 (lesion number), 최대협착을 합한 값 (lesion score), 각 분절의 최대협착을 합한 값 (total score), 가장 심한 협착 값 (peak stenosis) 등으로 관상동맥 중증도를 알아본 다음 이들과 혈청지질치, 아포지단백과의 상관 관계를 비교해 보았다. 상관 관계는 Spearman's correlation coefficient를 구하였다. 결과 : 관상동맥질환의 중증도와 각 지질치 간의 상관 관계를 비교해 보았을때 lesion number와 관계있는 것은 연령 (r=0.2789), 중성지방치 (r=0.2829)이며 lesion score와 관계있는 것은 연령(r=0.2911), 중성지방치0 (r=0.3316), 총콜레스테롤과 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비 (r=0.2361), apo B 치(r=0.2759), apo AI과 apo B의 비 (-0.3154)로 나타났다. Total score는 연령 (r=0.3100), 총콜레스테롤치 (r=0.2452), 중성지방치 (r=0.3022), 총콜레스테롤과 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비 (r=0.2770), apo B치 (r=0.2927), apo AI과 apo B의 비 (r=-0.3408)와 연관이 있었고 peak stenosis는 중성지방 치(r=0.3305), ape B 치 (r=0.2968), apo AI과 apo B의 비 (r=-0.3977)와 관계가 있었다. 연령으로 조정하여 partial correlation을 좌면, 관상동맥조영술상 중증도는 중성지방치 (r=0.3408), apo B 치(r=0.2877), apo AI과 apo B의 비 (r=-0.3460)와 유의한 상관 관계가 있었다. 이중 ape AI과 ape B의 비는 lesion score (r=-0.2640), total score (r=-0.3057), peak stenosis (r=-0.3460)와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 이상의 결과로 보아 apo B치 그리고 apo AI과 apo B의 비가 관상동맥 중증도의 예견인자로 다른 혈중 지질 치보다 더 유용하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Objectives : Recently, it was reported that the measurements of apolipoprotein levels may be valuable in the clinical assessment of coronary artery disease severity. However there are a few reports regarding to the relationship between coronary artery disease severity and apolipoprotein levels in Korea. Thus, we measured serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels and studied the relationship between coronary artery disease severity and serum lipids and apolipoproteins levels. Subjects and Methods : The 69 patients who underwent coronary angiography to evaluate chest pain were subjected to this study. We measured the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI(apo AI) and apolipoprotein B(Apo B) and measured the severity of coronary artery disease by lesion number, lesion score, total score and peak stenosis. Then, we studied the relationship between coronary artery disease severity and apolipoproteins and calculated the correlation coefficient. Results : The results were as follows. There are significant correlation(r=0.3) between age, triglycerides, apo B levels, apo AI/B ratio and coronary artery disease severity. In controlling for age, tyiglycerides, apo B levels and apo AI/B ratio shows significant correlation(r=0.3) with coronary artery disease severity. Especially, apo AI/B ratio shows significant correlation(r=0.3) with lesion number, total score and peak stenosis. Conclusion : These results suggest that the apo B levels and the ratio of apo AI/B can be used as significant independent predictor for coronary artery disease severity rather than other serum lipid levels.