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A Historical Account for Thyroid Surgery
Christos Christoforides,Gianlorenzo Dionigi,Ioanna Vasileiou,Kyriakos Vamvakidis 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.1
Thyroid surgery is nowadays considered one of the most common surgical procedures globally. For nearly 4,000 years, thyroid gland pathology and surgery have been a field of observation, research, and interventions. From ancient references or drawings regarding thyroid shape or enlargement (goiter), to more recent years when the first surgical approaches to thyroid pathology were established, until today when evolution in imaging, biochemical methods, surgical instruments and adjuncts is in everyday thyroid clinical practice, many prominent individuals add information to the current knowledge on the field. Europe, America, and Asia provide a rich historical background where outstanding scientists have devoted their entire life to thyroid surgical pathology and treatment. A brief tribute to all these distinguished pioneers - by looking into this evolutionary progress throughout the years - is attempted in this work.
Intraoperative Vagal Nerve Stimulation in a Patient with Long QT Syndrome during Thyroidectomy
Gerasimos Kritikos,Christos Christoforides,Dimitrios Moutafis,Ioannis Papandrikos,Afroditi Arambatzi,Georgios Misichronis,Andreas Koureas,Gianlorenzo Dionigi,Kyriakos Vamvakidis 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2019 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.19 No.2
Intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a useful tool during thyroidectomies for the safe accomplishment of the operation. The latest guidelines suggest that stimulation of vagus nerve is prerequisite for proper use of IONM. In the current bibliography there are not any data for the safety of vagal nerve stimulation in patients with certain diseases, such as long QT syndrome (LQTS). Here we present a case of a 51-year-old female patient with a known history of LQTS, who successfully underwent thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy in our department with vagal nerve stimulation during IONM. Many concerns were raised preoperatively about the safety of vagus stimulation since it enervates myocardium and controls heart rate through the parasympathetic system. For this reason, the operation took place with a specialist cardiologist stand by ready to intervene, and a defibrillator ready for use. However, there were not any complications intraoperatively or postoperatively.